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Biomedical subjects

T Shimono

Publications and source records attributed to T Shimono.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[A behavioral dental science research concerning prevention of dental fear. A report on the surveys of dental fear in four countries Japan, Indonesia, Brazil and Argentina].

We conducted a behavioral scientific research from the point of view of dental fear prevention. This time, the writers carried out the surveys with the goal of understanding and making clear the realities concerning dental anxiety in the four countries: Japan, Indonesia, Brazil and Argentina. The subjects were 728 dental students from the four countries, and the surveys consisted of 25 multiple choice questions which were divided into three major areas. The first area consisted of preliminary questions such as chief complaints and treatment experiences, the second area dealt with the reactions and physical responses on receiving dental treatment and the third area was on the different levels of anxiety shown during treatment expressed through feelings and reactions. We concluded as follows: 1. In Japan, 77% of the subjects reported having at least a little fear and this percentage was higher than those of other countries (45-65%). But in all countries, 4-7% of subjects reported having extreme dental fear. 2. In Japan and Brazil, women reported the higher fear than men. In Indonesia and Argentina, these results were the opposite. 3. According to canonical correlation analysis, a significant correlation between the level of physical reactions and the degree of dental anxiety was found in all countries. 4. In the high fear group, dental anxiety increased by psychological stress before treatment and the expressions of physical reactions were stronger than in the low fear group.

Argentina↗
PubMed1990

[Preoperative diagnosis and surgical treatment of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) in patients with acquired valvular heart disease--comparison of Kay's annuloplasty and Carpentier's ring annuloplasty for tricuspid valve surgery].

The purpose of this study is to compare the results of TR repair by using doppler echocardiography. 52 patients who underwent tricuspid repair surgery from 1980 to 1987 were studied. 30 patients received Kay's annuloplasty (K-A group) while 16 patients were repaired with Carpentier's ring annuloplasty (C-E group). A new classification of TRs according to the direction and the area of the regurgitant flow on doppler echocardiogram was applied to the preoperative TRs. In addition to grading the severity of the regurgitations on a four-point scale, the TRs were subdivided into three types according to the direction of the regurgitant flow toward, the interatrial septum (type a), the center of the atrium (type b), and the lateral side of the right atrium (type c). Regurgitation covering more than two of the three areas was recognized as massive TR. In the K-A group, 5 cases showed massive TR and 11 cases showed localized TR preoperatively. Localized TR cases were well controlled in all cases but 4 out of 5 massive TR cases remained third grade and type b postoperatively. In the C-E group, 9 cases showed massive TR and 7 cases showed localized TR. All cases were displayed good control of the regurgitation postoperatively. Postoperative pressure half time of the tricuspid valve orifice treated with the two types of annuloplasty were 108 +/- 25 msec in the C-E group versus 151 +/- 43 msec in the K-A group (p less than 0.001), which indicates the tendency of the K-A group to produce narrowed tricuspid orifice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical treatment for aortic diseases associated with coronary artery stenosis].

Three hundred and one patients undergoing aortic surgery (247 aneurysm cases and 54 arteriosclerotic obstruction cases) were evaluated in respect to the treatment for the associated coronary artery stenosis. Twenty-four among total cases (8%) showed the presence of coronary artery stenosis; 16 cases among aneurysm cases (6.5%) and 8 cases among arteriosclerotic obstruction cases (14.8%). Coronary revascularization was performed in 10 cases and the early operate death was observed in one case. Two abdominal aneurysm cases and 4 arteriosclerotic obstruction cases received two-staged aortic and coronary operation, since either aortic or coronary lesion was considered lethal. However, 3 cases of dissecting aneurysm (type I or II), and case of arteriosclerotic obstruction case having left ventricular aneurysm received simultaneous aortic and coronary surgery, since both of the lesions were highly lethal. These data are consistent with the conclusion that the combined aortic and coronary lesion should be treated with the two-staged operation, and that the simultaneous aortic and coronary surgery should be performed only when the both lesions are lethal.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The effects of administration of haptoglobin for hemolysis by extracorporeal circulation].

It is well known that hemolysis by extracorporeal circulation is major cause of renal failure after open heart surgery. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of administration of haptoglobin (Hp) during extracorporeal circulation. The patients were divided into two groups: Group I 10 patients underwent open heart surgery for extracorporeal circulation; Group II 10 patients underwent open heart surgery for extracorporeal circulation with the administration of 4,000 IU of Hp. The serum level of total Hp was elevated in group II during bypass, and reduced at 1st day in both groups more than pre-operative level. The serum level of total Hb was elevated in both groups during bypass, and reduced at 1st day within normal limits. Free serum Hb was found in group I at 30 min after start bypass and increased during bypass and urinary Hb was also found. However, in group II free Hb was not found during and after bypass. Urinary NAG and alpha 1 Mg levels of group I were significantly higher than those of group II. The administration of Hp during extracorporeal circulation prevents the increment of serum free Hb and is effective for protection of renal function.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1988

Kinetic study of a change in intracellular ATP level associated with aerobic catabolism of ethanol by Streptococcus mutans.

Streptococcus mutans, a group of lactic acid bacteria and a normal inhabitant of the human oral cavity, generates ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation coupled to oxidation of ethanol (an end product of fermentation of sugars) into acetate in the presence of oxygen (K. Fukui, K. Kato, Kodama, H. Ohta, T. Shima moto, and T. Shimono, Proc. Jpn. Acad. 64B:13-16, 1988). Kinetic measurements were made of the cellular responses of S. mutans FA-1 to ethanol in comparison with those to glucose. In contrast to oxygen-independent acid production from glucose, oxygen was absolutely required for acid production from ethanol. Ethanol elicited a marked increase in the intracellular ATP concentration (ATPi) from a starved level to a steady level which was held constant as long as oxygen was present in the medium. Once oxygen was exhausted, ATPi returned to the starved level without delay. On the contrary, ATPi changes induced by glucose, which were independent of oxygen, followed a rather complicated time course before a steady level was established. Both the steady ATPi and the rate of accompanying oxygen consumption were functions of the ethanol concentration. These two parameters were linearly correlated, indicating that the unimolecular ATP turnover rate, which is independent of the rate of ATP generation in the steady state, can be calculated for cells energized by ethanol. The estimated turnover rate was 1.5 s-1 at 37 degrees C, which is comparable to that for other bacteria energized by glucose under nongrowing conditions.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1988

[The evaluation of operability for patients with severe valvular disease].

The present study was designed to evaluate and determine the factors which affected the prognosis of the surgical patients with severe valvular diseases. Four hundred and forty six cases which underwent valvular surgery from 1977 to 1987 were used for this study. There were 16 early death cases (3.6%) and 16 late death cases (3.6%), respectively. The early death rate after surgery was significantly high in the cases which had 1) poor LV function (LVEF less than 35%), 2) liver dysfunction (T-Bil greater than 1.3mg/dl, ICG-Rmax less than 1.0 mg/kg/min, Ch-E less than 0.6PH, K-ICG 0.10/min), and/or 3) PVE after valve replacements. These factors were recognized in 9 (56.3%) of the early death cases and 10 (62.5%) of the late death cases. Thus, we consider that these factors affect the surgical prognosis and that the border line values for the factors are: 1) LVEF less than 0.3%, LVDI greater than 40 ml/m2 in MS group and 50 mg/m2 in other valvular groups. 2) T-Bil greater than 2.7 mg/dl, ICG-Rmax less than 0.5mg/kg/min in cardiac cachectic cases, and 3) active PVE cases which showed drug-resistance. Furthermore, these values should be corrected by IVH and immunosupportives during the pre- and post-operative periods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Corneal test as a reliable method for detection of the delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in mice.

Antigen solution could be injected into the cornea of sensitized mice using a fine needle and a stereoscopic dissecting microscope. The resulting corneal reaction was shown to be a reliable method in the detection and estimation of delayed-type hypersensitivity in mice that had been immunized with a water-in-oil emulsion containing an ovalbumin and a cell wall adjuvant. Unlike the delayed skin reaction in the ear lobe, this corneal reaction was not affected by a coexisting Arthus reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Electrophysiological studies of two types of thalamo-cortical neurones and their responses to stimulation of mesencephalic reticular formation.

1. Thalamo-cortical (T-C) neurones projecting their axons to the motor cortex were recorded intra- or extra-cellularly in the anterior ventral and lateral ventral nuclear complex of the thalamus in lightly nembutalized cats. The T-C neurones were identified as responding antidromically to stimulation of the motor cortex, and were examined in connection with effects of stimulation of the centrum medianumparafascicular complex (CM), pallidum (Pal), cerebellar nuclei (CN) and mesencephalic reticular formation (RF). 2. The T-C neurones were classified into two groups, A and B. The A-group neurones responded neither to stimulation of CM nor to that of Pal. By contrast, the B-group neurones were activated from either CM, Pal or both. The effect of RF stimulation was facilitatory in many of the A-group neurones whereas it was mostly inhibitory in the B-group neurones. CN stimulation activated most of the T-C neurones in both A and B groups. 3. The A-group neurones were categorized as the deep T-C neurones mediating the deep T-C response of the cortex (the early surface-positive-deep-negative component of the augmenting response) and the B-group neurones as the superficial T-C neurones mediating the superficial T-C response of the cortex (the recruiting response and the late surface-negative-deep-positive component of the augmenting response). Desynchronization of electrocorticograms in response to RF stimulation was suggested to result from inhibition of the superficial T-C neurones and facilitation of the deep T-C neurones.

Action Potentials↗