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Biomedical subjects

T Shimamoto

Publications and source records attributed to T Shimamoto.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Solitary pedunculated polypoid gastric gland heterotopia.

A solitary pedunculated gastric polyp in the gastric fundus was removed from an asymptomatic 36-year-old woman with normal gastric acid secretion and a normal serum gastrin level. This lesion exhibited distinctive histological features including prominent proliferation of pseudopyloric glands, fundic glands, foveolar epithelium and a fibromuscular stroma. Moreover, its surface was entirely covered by a layer of normal gastric epithelium. Biopsies of the background mucosa taken from the gastric fundus revealed only mild superficial gastritis. A gastric gland heterotopia was diagnosed because of its unique morphology.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Diagnosis and treatment of proximal tubal obstruction by fluoroscopic transcervical fallopian tube catheterization.

The efficacy of fluoroscopic transcervical Fallopian tube catheterization in treating patients with proximal tubal obstruction was investigated. In 11 (15.9%) of the 69 patients who entered the study, patency of the proximal Fallopian tubes was shown by a pre-treatment hysterosalpingogram or an ostial selective salpingogram. Transcervical Fallopian tube catheterization attested to the success of recanalization in at least one of the obstructed tubes in 41 of our 58 patients (70.7%). Of 92 obstructed tubes, 56 (60.9%) were successfully recanalized. However, normal tubal visualization was possible in only 13 tubes (23.2%). Most of the recanalized tubes were considered to be peritubal adhesions (64.3%). Eight of 36 (22.2%) patients who had been successfully recanalized achieved pregnancies; 12 patients demonstrated normally appearing salpingograms after the procedure, and five (41.7%) had an intra-uterine pregnancy. Suspected peritubal adhesions were exhibited on post-operative salpingograms of 24 patients, one of whom had an intra-uterine pregnancy, while two had tubal pregnancies. Transcervical Fallopian tube catheterization is a simple and effective method for evaluating and treating proximal tubal obstruction. Most of the patients (70.7%) in whom recanalization was successful showed significant signs of distal tubal damage. This procedure can also be used to arrive at a prognosis regarding conception.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy using a platinum, vincristine and peplomycin (CVP) combination in patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of a cis-platinum, vincristine and peplomycin (CVP) combination has been used to treat patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix at our departments since 1983. Twenty-one patients are reviewed in this study. A high response rate (71.4%) was obtained with 19.0% complete and 52.4% partial responses prior to radical therapy. Survival times and the progression free interval for stage I and III disease treated with CVP show improvement compared to patients not treated with CVP. No life-threatening toxicity related to chemotherapy was noted. This combination chemotherapy used in neoadjuvant setting warrants further study.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Usefulness of nucleolar organizer region staining in gastric myogenic tumors: correlation with ploidy by DNA flow cytometry.

A silver-staining technique to identify nucleolar organizer region-associated proteins (Ag-NOR) was applied to 55 gastric myogenic tumors. The mean numbers of Ag-NOR in the nucleus were: leiomyoma (30 cases), 2.0 +/- 0.6 (mean +/- SD); low-grade leiomyosarcoma (11 cases), 3.0 +/- 0.7; and high-grade leiomyosarcoma (14 cases), 3.9 +/- 0.7. The Ag-NOR counts were compared with DNA ploidy as determined by flow cytometry in 46 tumors. The Ag-NOR counts were significantly different in the aneuploid leiomyosarcomas (4.1 +/- 0.6: mean +/- SD) and diploid leiomyosarcomas (2.9 +/- 0.6: mean +/- SD). Thus, this parameter may serve as an objective histological discriminant for malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Plasma fibrinogen and its correlates in Japanese and US population samples.

In a preliminary 1987 study, we reported that the plasma fibrinogen level was significantly higher in Caucasian American men than Japanese men. To confirm this finding, we used data from 1,020 Japanese men and women in a 1989-1991 Akita, Japan, population study and from > 15,000 men and women from the 1986-1989 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. To examine further the correlates of plasma fibrinogen level, subsamples of nonsmoking Akita Japanese (n = 150) and Minneapolis Caucasians (n = 150) were also studied separately in 1990. Compared with the Japanese in the Akita study, Caucasians and African Americans in ARIC had a 23-40 mg/dL higher age-adjusted fibrinogen level for men and a 25-67 mg/dL higher level for women. In the subsample, the mean plasma fibrinogen value was 288 mg/dL in Caucasian men and 248 mg/dL in Japanese men (test for difference: p < 0.001). Women showed a similar racial difference: 300 mg/dL in Caucasians and 257 mg/dL in Japanese (p < 0.001). There were weak but positive correlations of plasma fibrinogen with age and body mass index and weak inverse correlations with alcohol intake, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides in most of the sex-race groups. For women, plasma fibrinogen was positively associated with menopause and inversely associated with the use of hormone replacement therapy. Total fish intake was inversely associated with plasma fibrinogen in all sex-race groups, and the association was statistically significant for Caucasian men.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Asian People↗
PubMed1993

Associations of serum total cholesterol, different types of stroke, and stenosis distribution of cerebral arteries. The Akita Pathology Study.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The relation between serum total cholesterol levels and stroke is controversial. The Akita Pathology Study provides data on the association of serum total cholesterol, different types of stroke, and distribution of stenosis in cerebral arteries. METHODS: The data are based on 750 autopsied men aged 30 years and older who were admitted to a local hospital in northeast Japan between 1966 and 1984. The overall autopsy rate was 88%. The grade of stenosis in the cerebral arteries was determined blindly by one pathologist using Baker's method for basal cerebral arteries (atherosclerosis scores) and using microscopic examination of a single basal ganglion slide for the intracerebral penetrating arteries (arteriolosclerosis scores). RESULTS: The age-adjusted mean value of serum total cholesterol concentration was 164 mg/dL for cerebral hemorrhage, 177 mg/dL for infarction in penetrating artery regions, and 200 mg/dL for infarction in cortical artery regions. Mean serum cholesterol was lower in deaths caused by cerebral hemorrhage than in those caused by myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular disease. Mean atherosclerosis score of basal cerebral arteries was low for cerebral hemorrhage, intermediate for penetrating artery infarction, and high for cortical artery infarction. Stenosis of both basal and penetrating arteries was minimum or absent in cases of cerebral hemorrhage. Only the basal arteries were stenotic in cases of cortical artery infarction, whereas both basal and penetrating arteries were stenosed in cases of penetrating artery infarction. There were positive associations of serum cholesterol with stenosis of basal and penetrating arteries. Among cases of cerebral hemorrhage, serum total cholesterol levels were even lower in men with no significant stenosis in either basal or penetrating arteries than in men with stenosis in either type of artery. CONCLUSIONS: The association of serum cholesterol with pathogenesis varies among stroke types. Elevated serum cholesterol levels were associated with the presence of cortical artery infarction, while low serum cholesterol levels were associated with cerebral hemorrhage.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Possible involvement of protein kinase C in gonadotropin-induced ovulation in the rat ovary.

Recent reports indicate that protein kinase C may play an important role in the process of gonadotropin-induced ovulation in the ovary. In the present study, we examined the effect of the protein kinase C inhibitor, 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H-7), on LH-stimulated tissue type plasminogen activator (tPA) activity in cultured rat granulosa cells. Granulosa cells were obtained from PMSG-treated rats and cultured for 48 h in the presence or absence of H-7 (0.1-60 microM) with ovine LH (30 ng/ml), phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (10(-8) M), phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (10(-8) M), or (Bu)2cAMP (5 mM). After culture, tPA activity in the conditioned medium was assayed by fibrin autography technique after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. H-7 (1.0-60 microM) inhibited LH-, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-, or phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate-stimulated tPA activity dose dependently, and each ID50 was approximately 8 microM. However, H-7 did not inhibit (Bu)2cAMP-stimulated tPA activity. To investigate the effect of H-7 on the ovulatory process in vivo, PMSG-treated immature rats were injected with H-7 (10(-9)-10(-3) M) into the unilateral ovarian bursa just before human CG administration. After 24 h, the number of oocyte-cumulus complexes in the oviduct was counted. H-7 suppressed the number of oocytes released from treated ovaries dose-dependently. The light microscopical observation revealed that ovaries treated with H-7 contained a few corpora lutea and many large unruptured follicles. The results of the present study suggest that the suppressive effects of H-7 on human CG-induced ovulation might be partly due to the inhibition of tPA secretion by rat granulosa cells via protein kinase C inhibition.

1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine↗
PubMed1993

[Population-based comparative study on dietary habits and serum fatty acid compositions].

Appropriate dietary instruction on fat intake is required for Japanese to prevent coronary heart disease because there has been a consistent increase in fat intake during the past two decades. To gain fundamental information for dietary instruction, we examined the relation between dietary habits related to fat and serum fatty acid compositions in women aged 40-69 of four Japanese populations (fishing, coastal farming, inland farming and urban populations) and a Caucasian population in which different dietary habits have been reported. Among Japanese, dietary intake of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (in particular omega 6-polyunsaturated fatty acid) were higher in the urban population than in the other populations. Intake of omega 3-polyunsaturated fatty acids did not vary among the Japanese populations, but intakes of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were higher in fishing and coastal farming populations than in the other two populations. Serum concentrations and compositions of omega 6-polyunsaturated fatty acids (mostly linoleic acid) were higher in the urban and inland farming populations than in the other two populations whereas those of omega 3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (in particular eicosapentaenoic acid) showed the opposite trend. The proportion of omega 6-polyunsaturated fatty acids was higher and that of omega 3-polyunsaturated fatty acids was lower in Caucasian women than in the Japanese populations. The ratio of omega 3 (polyunsaturated fatty acids) to omega 6 was highest in the fishing population (ratio = 0.38), intermediate in coastal farming (0.35), urban (0.27) and inland farming (0.24) populations, and lowest in Caucasians (0.07). Within populations, the percentage of serum omega 6-polyunsaturated fatty acids increased with the increase of frequency of meat intake and oil intake. The percentage of serum omega 3-polyunsaturated fatty acids increased with the increase in frequency of fish intake. Because there are evident associations between the frequency of fish, meat and oil intake and serum fatty acid compositions, a frequency questionnaire on these foods would be useful for dietary instruction in the prevention of coronary heart disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Comparison between immunogenotypic findings in de novo AML and AML post MDS.

We compared immunogenotypic findings in 73 patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 30 patients with AML developed in myelodysplastic syndrome (AML post MDS) to determine the biological difference between these hematopoietic neoplasias. Lymphoid-associated antigens were detected in 13 patients with de novo AML, four of whom exhibited rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain (IgH) gene. T-cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangements were detected in 10 patients with de novo AML who did not have lymphoid-associated antigens, none of whom carried rearranged IgH. This group included two AML patients with trilineage dysplasia. Neither lymphoid markers nor IgH rearrangement was detected in any of the 30 patients with AML post-MDS; TCR rearrangements were detected in eight out of 30 patients, TCR-beta rearrangements in six out of 30, and TCR-delta rearrangements in five out of 30. The TCR rearrangement without rearranged IgH in some AML post MDS patients might not be due to a common recombinase activity, and this alteration may link to genomic instability. Some patients with de novo AML also showed this pattern, suggesting a close biologic association between AML post MDS and some patients with de novo AML.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Dietary habits and serum fatty acid compositions of women college students--changes in serum lipids and fatty acids by dietary education].

To obtain fundamental information for prevention of coronary heart disease in young adults, frequency of dietary intake, blood lipid and serum fatty acid compositions were examined for 114 female students. The relationship of selected food intake to serum fatty acid composition was also examined. Results of a nutritional survey were used to identify students who had a frequency of fish intake of "none" or "1-2 times/week" from whom random selection into two groups was accomplished: control group (n = 31) and education group (n = 31). The education group received a recommendation for increasing fish intake for 3 months. The effect of the education program was evaluated by examination of blood lipids, serum fatty acid compositions and frequency of dietary intake. Fifty-four percent of the students reported "none" or "1-2 times/week" for the frequency of fish intake, and 76% of them reported "1 and more times/day" for oil intake. The proportion of serum saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids were 28.9%, 24.4%, 46.8%, respectively. Of the polyunsaturated fraction, 41.4% was omega 6-polyunsaturated fatty acids, and that of omega 3-polyunsaturated fatty acids was 5.4%. The omega 3/omega 6 ratio was 0.13. Serum omega 3-polyunsaturated fatty acids was directly related to frequency of fish intake, and serum omega 6-polyunsaturated fatty acid, especially linoleic acid, was directly related to frequency of oil intake. After a 3-month education program, the frequency of fish intake and meat intake increased, while frequency of oil intake decreased in the education group. Serum omega 3-polyunsaturated fatty acid (in particular eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid) increased in the education group, but not in the control group. The omega 3/omega 6 ratio increased from 0.13 to 0.18 in the education group. These results indicate that dietary education for fish intake is effective in increasing serum omega 3-polyunsaturated fatty acids, and the omega 3/omega 6 ratio for female students with initial low intake of fish and a high intake of omega 6-polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[A clinical study of pepsinogen I and II producing gastric carcinomas].

Anti-human pepsinogen (PG) I and II monoclonal antibodies were used in an immunohistochemical study of 56 cases of gastric carcinoma (37 early stage and 19 advanced stage). We examined the relationship between positivity of the carcinoma for producing PG I and II and serum PG I and II levels. We found that in 2 cases (3.6%), the carcinoma produced PG I and in 11 cases (19.6%), it produced PG II. Early gastric carcinomas and differentiated-type carcinomas produced PG II more frequently than advanced and undifferentiated-type carcinomas. Also, type II c carcinomas and carcinomas located in the C area of the stomach produced PG II more frequently. But there was no significant difference between PG I and II-positive and negative cases in relation to both serum PG I and II levels. Moreover, the rate of positivity did not correlate with cases of abnormally high levels of serum PG I and II, (except in 1 case with abnormally high serum PG I in which PG II was produced.) These results suggest that there is no significant relationship between PG I or II-producing gastric carcinomas and serum PG levels. Furthermore, we examined PG II-producing and non-producing carcinomas in relation to the grade of inflammation, atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in gastric mucosa. However, there was no statistically significant difference among these factors. Only serum PG I and II levels were related to these parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The methylation status of the major breakpoint cluster region in human leukemia cells, including Philadelphia chromosome-positive cells, is linked to the lineage of hematopoietic cells.

The Philadelphia (Ph) translocation [t(9;22)(q34;q11)] is the most common genetic abnormality in human leukemia; a transposition of the ABL gene to the major-breakpoint cluster region (M-BCR) is associated with the pathogenesis in Ph+ chronic myelogenous leukemia (Ph+ CML) and in some cases of Ph+ acute leukemia (Ph+ AL). Our current understanding of the methylation of human genomes allows us to consider the association between the epigenetic phenomenon and the control of differentiation and proliferation in mammalian cells. In order to determine whether the methylation status of the M-BCR is associated with breakpoint-localization in this region and with the lineage of hematopoietic cells, we have examined 28 patients with Ph+ leukemias, including nine with Ph+ AL, six patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia without Ph (Ph- AML), and five patients with Ph- acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph- ALL); using the restriction endonuclease isochizomers, MspI and HpaII. In CML patients in the chronic phase, the hypomethylated status within the normal M-BCR allele is heterogeneous. In contrast, patients with Ph+ CML in the lymphoid blast crisis phase exhibited a 2.5/2.7 kb band with a complete disappearance of the germline M-BCR fragment (type L). This pattern is consistently noted in Ph- ALL cells, and the pattern is quite different from that found in myeloid blast crisis or Ph- AML (type M). In patients with M-BCR-nonrearranged Ph+ ALL, it is suggested that the M-BCR methylation patterns are cell-lineage specific but some Ph+ ALL cells had a hypomethylation pattern that was identical to that observed in Ph- AML, suggesting a distinction of genetic diversity of leukemia cells with the Ph chromosome, especially Ph+ AL.

5-Methylcytosine↗
PubMed1993

[Effectiveness of a community-based education program on blood pressure reduction for cardiovascular disease prevention].

To evaluate the effectiveness of lifestyle modification community-based programs on blood pressure reduction, blood pressure changes were examined according to frequency of attendance at these adult classes. The subjects were 1,017 men and women aged 40-69 who participated in a survey from 1985 to 1987, whose blood pressure was > = 140 mmHg for systolic, and/or > = 90 mmHg for diastolic and/or with antihypertensive medication use in the earlier 1981-1984 surveys. Adult classes were conducted eleven times between 1982 and 1987, emphasizing primarily reduction of salt intake, weight control if necessary, and alcohol modification. Blood pressure changes between 1981-1984 and 1985-1988 were examined in relation to the number of classes attended, stratified by antihypertensive medication use. In the group with no medication use in both surveys (n = 347), there was a significantly larger decline in systolic and diastolic blood pressures with an increase in the number of classes attended (p < 0.001). A similar trend was observed in other groups: a starting medication group (n = 198), a quitting medication group (n = 100) and a continuous medication group (n = 372). The blood pressure trend in the no medication group remained significant after controlling for age, initial blood pressure, follow-up years and the number of follow-up screenings attended. For the no medication group, there was no significant association between the number of classes attended and changes in relative weight index and alcohol intake. The proportion of persons reporting dietary modification of reduction in salt was larger, and mean 24-hour urine sodium excretion was smaller, with increasing number of classes attended in the 1985-1988 surveys. Furthermore, the proportion of persons who were able to reduce salt intake between the two survey periods was higher with an increase in the number of classes attended. Mean urine sodium excretion was smaller in those who reported reduction of salt intake than those who did not. Although this study is not a randomized controlled trial, these results suggest that a community-based education program of adult classes can be effective in reduction of blood pressure levels through modification of diet.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Flow cytometric DNA analysis of gastric smooth muscle tumors.

BACKGROUND: To better understand the malignant grade of gastric smooth muscle tumors, the DNA content of these tumors was studied. METHODS: In 43 patients with gastric smooth muscle tumors, the cellular DNA content was determined by flow cytometry and compared with the histologic classification and the prognosis. RESULTS: Flow cytometry indicated that all 21 leiomyomas and 9 of the 10 low-grade leiomyosarcomas were diploid; 10 of the 12 high-grade leiomyosarcomas were aneuploid. All patients with leiomyomas and 8 of the 11 patients with diploid leiomyosarcomas had neither local recurrence nor metastasis. By contrast, 8 of the 10 patients with aneuploid leiomyosarcomas died of their disease (mean survival, 41 months; range, 18-78 months). CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the DNA ploidy pattern shown by flow cytometry is related closely to the histologic classification and prognosis of gastric smooth muscle tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the gene (citC) encoding a citrate carrier from several Salmonella serovars.

The nucleotide sequence of the citC coding for the citrate carrier in several Salmonella serovars has been determined, and the amino acid sequence of the carrier protein was deduced. The predicted citrate carrier from Salmonella pullorum and Salmonella enteritidis consists of 446 amino acids with a molecular weight of 47,621, whereas that from Salmonella dublin is the same 446 amino acids with the slightly different molecular weight of 47,591, because 1 amino acid residue was substituted. The predicted proteins are highly hydrophobic (69% nonpolar amino acids). The hydropathy profile suggests that the proteins are composed of 11-12 hydrophobic membrane-spanning segments with two hydrophilic cores in the middle of the protein sequence. No homology in the nucleotide and amino acid sequences was found in the molecular structures of citA, citP, and tctI genes. The citC-coding citrate transport activity is Na(+)-dependent and specific for citrate only. The transcript from the citC gene was not detected in the total RNA from several Salmonella serovars except S. dublin in Northern blot analysis, although the promoter of the citC genes appeared to be functional in Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium strains using the lacZ fusion assay. These results suggested that the citC gene-coding citrate carrier is probably a TctIII system such as that identified previously in S. typhimurium.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Alcohol drinking and high blood pressure: data from a 1980 national cardiovascular survey of Japan.

Many epidemiological cross-sectional studies have confirmed that alcohol drinking is related to high blood pressure. However, the impact of alcohol drinking on high blood pressure in the general population including older people has only been reported on in a few studies. The association between alcohol drinking and blood pressure or the prevalence of hypertension was examined using cross-sectional data of 4795 men and 6102 women aged 30-94, randomly selected from the Japanese population in 1980. The response rates were 74 and 84% for men and women, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension adjusted for body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) was significantly higher in everyday male drinkers than in male non-drinkers from the youngest age group (30-39 years) to oldest age group (70 years and over). A relationship between alcohol and blood pressure was found only in the youngest age group (30-39 years) of female drinkers. In each 10-year age-group of men, the BMI-adjusted systolic and diastolic blood pressures in everyday drinkers were 7-10 and 4-6 mmHg higher than those in non-drinkers. The relationship between alcohol and blood pressure in men was confirmed by multiple regression analysis adjusting for age and BMI in both younger (30-59 years) and older (60-94 years) people. The impact of alcohol drinking on blood pressure in men should be taken into account in the primary prevention of blood pressure related diseases and in the treatment of hypertension in both younger and older people.

Adult↗