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Biomedical subjects

T Shimada

Publications and source records attributed to T Shimada.

At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Hepatic dysfunction in primary hypothyroidism.

Twenty-seven patients with primary hypothyroidism were studied to evaluate the relationship between hepatic function and thyroid hormone deficiency in this disorder. In hypothyroidism, hypergammaglobulinemia was found in 71%, elevated glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) in 48%, high lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in 58%, hypercholesteremia in 52% and low elimination rate constant of indocyanin green (KICG) in 44%. In each criterion of liver function, these patients were divided into two groups, normal level and abnormal level group, respectively. T3 and T4 in patients with abnormal levels of GOT, glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and 45 minutes retention rate of bromsulphalein (BSP) were not different from those in the normal level group. However, T3 and T4 in patients with abnormal levels of LDH, cholesterol, cholinesterase (ChE) and KICG were lower than those in the normal level group. The abnormal KICG group had a statistically higher cardio-thoracic ratio (CTR) than the normal group (65.7 +/- 18.8% vs 50.4 +/- 8.3%, p less than 0.05). In patients with pericardial effusion, CTR was 65.9 +/- 14.6%, while that in patients without pericardial effusion was 49.9 +/- 7.5% (p less than 0.05). These abnormalities of liver function were normalized in all cases after hormone replacement therapy. Liver biopsy in three cases disclosed normal liver in two cases and mild infiltration of monocyte into Glisson's capsule in one case.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Elevated serum calcitonin levels in patients with thyroid disorders.

Serum calcitonin was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in 63 patients with hyperthyroidism, 37 with hypothyroidism, 9 with surgically proven medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and 81 normal subjects. Provocative tests of calcitonin by calcium infusion were performed in 11 with hyperthyroidism, 10 with hypothyroidism, 6 with MTC and 14 normal subjects. Changes of calcitonin were also studied before and after treatment in 17 patients with hyperthyroidism and 12 with hypothyroidism. The basal calcitonin levels were increased in both hyperthyroidism (117 +/- 60.1 pg/ml (mean +/- SD): n = 63, P less than 0.001) and hypothyroidism (137 +/- 107 pg/ml, n = 37, P less than 0.001), and significantly increased in MTC 14 765 +/- 25 039 pg/ml, range 390 to 70 400 pg/ml, n = 9, P less than 0.001) compared with those in normal subjects (45.8 +/- 22.3 pg/ml, n = 81). Increases of calcitonin during calcium load (iv 4.5 mg calcium/kg for 10 min) were significantly lower in both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism patients than in those in MTC. The calcitonin levels were not correlated with the serum T3, T4, TSH concentrations or titres of serum antithyroid antibodies in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. We found some tendency toward decreasing calcitonin levels with the euthyroid state after treatment in both groups, but the changes were not significant. Although exact mechanisms of increased calcitonin in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were not clear, our findings suggest that a 2- to 3-fold elevation of calcitonin levels in these patients did not indicate malignancy; MTC could be readily differentiated by a calcium infusion test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Changes of platelets, serum lactic dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, choline esterase and creatine phosphokinase levels in patients with Cushing's syndrome.

In order to identify non-endocrine laboratory tests of diagnostic value in Cushing's syndrome, we measured platelet counts and serum myogenic and hepatic enzyme levels in 10 patients with Cushing's syndrome and compared the findings with those of 15 obese patients without Cushing's syndrome. Patients with Cushing's syndrome had increased numbers of platelets, moderately elevated serum lactic dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase levels, and significantly lower creatine phosphokinase and choline esterase activities compared with those of obese control patients. We concluded that when several of these abnormal values were seen in obese patients the levels of suspicion for Cushing's syndrome should be high.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1984

Production of cholera-like enterotoxin by Aeromonas hydrophila.

A total of 249 strains of mesophilic Aeromonas including 179 A. hydrophila and 70 A. caviae were tested for production of cholera-like enterotoxin by reversed passive latex agglutination (RPLA) assay. A cholera-like enterotoxin neutralized with cholera antitoxin was demonstrated in the culture filtrates from eight (4.5%) of the 179 A. hydrophila strains, while none of A. caviae strains revealed the enterotoxin production in the test. Production of the cholera-like enterotoxin in the eight strains of A. hydrophila was also confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1984

[Afterloading interstitial brachytherapy by Ir-192 seed assembly for malignant brain tumor].

We developed and applied interstitial after-loading endocrine therapy as a cancer treatment modality. Between Sept. 1982 and May 1983, 5 patients with malignant brain tumors were treated using the removable after-loading Iridium-192 seed assembly implant technique. 4 of the 5 patients experienced recurrent gliomas after the operation alone or in combination with external post-operative radiotherapy. In 3 patients, local control was achieved and has been maintained for more than 11 months. Our preliminary brachytherapy procedures for the treatment of malignant brain tumors are described.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Antigenic similarity of nonhistone chromosomal proteins in cultured rat liver epithelial cells, fetal liver, and transplantable tumors.

The cell and tissue specificity of antisera prepared to chromatin fractions from a nontumorigenic adult rat liver-derived clonal epithelial cell line (ARL-15Cl1) was characterized with immunotransfer analysis and immunoabsorption experiments. These antisera reacted with a range of high-molecular-weight chromosomal proteins greater than Mr 100,000. Extensive immunoabsorption-immunoblocking studies indicated antigenic homologies between the chromatins of the nontumorigenic ARL-15Cl1 cell line, a transformed, tumorigenic cell line (ARL-16T2), fetal liver, and several transplantable malignant tumors. Considerably less homology was observed for normal adult and regenerating liver chromatins. The antigenic similarity between the ARL-15Cl1 line and fetal rat liver was confirmed by immunoabsorption experiments with antisera to fetal rat liver chromatin fractions. The apparent changes in antigenic specificity suggest that retrodifferentiation occurred in the cultured liver cells, and our findings identify several high-molecular-weight nonhistone proteins which may be useful markers of developmental expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Case of intrathoracic pheochromocytoma occurring 9 years after resection of intraabdominal paraaortic pheochromocytoma: effect of metoclopramide and sulpiride on catecholamine secretion in vitro].

A 29-year-old female who had undergone resection of an abdominal paraaortic pheochromocytoma weighing 33 g at the age of 20 had had severe headaches, hypertension and hyperhidrosis 3 years prior to the surgery. Postoperatively, her symptoms completely disappeared and urinary catecholamines were normalized. She was well and had married and had had 2 children. She was admitted to our hospital on August 22, 1982, for further evaluation of hypertension (154/100), which had been diagnosed 2 months previously. Endocrinological studies confirming the presence of a pheochromocytoma were as follows: 1) Plasma noradrenaline level was significantly elevated to 1750 pg/ml. 2) Urinary catecholamine and their metabolites (Metanephrines and VMA) were markedly elevated. Her blood pressure was borderline hypertension and its diurnal rhythm was lost. Her blood pressure decreased to normal values after the oral administration of labetalol (100 mg). Plasma noradrenaline level was still high at 180 minutes after the oral administration of clonidine (150 micrograms). Hypertensive response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia (regular insulin 0.1 u/kg i.v.) was observed, but blood pressure returned to normal after the infusion of glucose alone. Hypertensive response to both metoclopramide (5 mg i.v.) and sulpiride (50 mg per os) was observed accompanying the significant elevation of plasma noradrenaline. Computed tomography and ultrasonography revealed a tumor localized between the aorta and the vena cava inferior. Selective venous sampling also revealed an intrathoracic pheochromocytoma. On October 8, 1982, a 28 g mass was removed from the mediastinum just above the diaphragma. Histologically, it was typical of a pheochromocytoma. Electron microscopy showed large polygonal cells with numerous large secretory granules characteristic of noradrenaline-granules. Postoperative blood pressure was normal, but repeated measurements of plasma and urinary catecholamines were still slightly high. We, therefore, followed her case carefully at our out-patient clinic. In order to clarify the mechanism of catecholamine release by metoclopramide and sulpiride, tissue cultures of removed pheochromocytoma with and without these drugs were carried out. The in vitro studies revealed that metoclopramide released noradrenaline eight-fold and sulpiride 13-fold as compared with noradrenaline in a control medium. We concluded that both drugs stimulated catecholamine secretion directly from the tumor and thus, careless administration of these drugs should be avoided when pheochromocytoma was suspected, large or small. Finally, the rate of tumor growth seemed to be very slow because it took 9 years to ach

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Activation of 3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl to protein-bound metabolites by rat liver microsomal cytochrome P-448-containing monooxygenase system.

The specificity of two major types of cytochrome P-450 of rat liver microsomes induced by phenobarbital (PB) and 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) toward activation of three 14C-labeled tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCB) isomers to protein-bound metabolites was examined by intact microsomal and reconstituted monooxygenase systems. The monooxygenase system containing PB-inducible form(s) of cytochrome P-450 was much more active than those inducible by MC in activating two TCB isomers, i.e., 2,4,2',5'-[14C]TCB, for the binding reaction. However, the binding of 3,4,3',4'-[14C]TCB was catalyzed most actively by the system containing a MC-inducible (P-448 type) cytochrome P-450 from rat liver microsomes. Thus two forms of cytochrome P-450 had different substrate specificities for the metabolism of TCB. In another series of experiments, the site of protein molecule bound to TCB metabolites was examined by the cytochrome P-448-containing reconstituted system with 3,4,3',4'-[14C]TCB as substrate. The following lines of evidence supported the hypothesis that the active metabolites of TCB bind covalently to cysteine residues of protein molecules a) TCB-binding activity was strongly inhibited by thiol compounds such as cysteine and glutathione and b) of the various kinds of proteins tested as target for TCB metabolites, only those which contained free sulfhydryl groups on the protein molecule were radiolabeled. Moreover, we found that during the metabolism of 3,4,3',4'-TCB, the heme content of the reconstituted system was lowered, probably reflecting the alkylation of the sulfhydryl groups in the active sites of cytochrome P-448.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Size and shape of poly(ADP-ribose): examination by gel filtration, gel electrophoresis and electron microscopy.

Digestion of the poly(ADP-ribose) with snake venom phosphodiesterase yielded phosphoribosyl-AMP and AMP in a ratio of 30 to 1, indicating the "chain length" of 30 if the poly(ADP-ribose) is a linear molecule as previously supposed. Gel filtration and gel electrophoresis, however, revealed a very heterogeneous size distribution, the average size being, much longer than (ADP-ribose)30. Electron microscopy of poly(ADP-ribose) showed an irregularly branched figure. Molecules with more than ten branched portions were observed. These results are in agreement with the recent identification of the chemical structure of the branched portion in poly(ADP-ribose).

Animals↗
PubMed1983

A new radiopharmaceutical: 99mTc DMP for renal scanning.

99mTc-Dimercaptopropionic acid (DMP), a new renal scanning agent was synthesized, and the optimum preparative conditions and stability of this compound were determined. It was demonstrated that scans performed with this agent in rats showed highly selective renal images which may be of promise in future clinical use. The relationships between chemical structure and renal affinity are discussed based on the present results.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Serum gastrin levels in patients with thyroid dysfunction.

Fasting serum gastrin levels measured by radioimmunoassay were found to be elevated in patients with hyperthyroidism and low in patients with hypothyroidism. The oral administration of beef extracts resulted in more increase of serum gastrin in hyperthyroid patients than in normal subjects. After restoration of the euthyroid state by treatment, no more increase in serum gastrin levels was observed. Slight correlation between gastrin levels and serum T3 levels was observed in pretreated hyperthyroid patients (r = 0.40), but significant correlation between them was found after restoration of the euthyroid state by treatment (r = 0.50). However, it seemed to be able to divide into two groups in the pretreated patients. One was a patient group whose gastrin levels correlated closely to serum T3 levels (r = 0.83, p less than 0.01). The other was a group whose serum gastrin levels remained in low even in high T3 levels (r = 0.81, p less than 0.01). Different sensitivity to thyroid hormone in the G-cells of gastrointestinal tract may exist in these two groups, because patients age and duration of their illness were not different between them.

Adolescent↗