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Biomedical subjects

T Shimada

Publications and source records attributed to T Shimada.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis seen twice in eight years.

We present a rare case of a 66-year-old woman with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD) accompanied by an empty sella whose symptoms were seen twice in the eight years after the administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) or prochlorperazine. No diuresis or suppression of the plasma level of vasopressin (AVP) was observed after water loading upon cessation of the causative agents. Suppression of the renin-aldosterone system and a low plasma level of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were observed during natriuresis. The plasma levels of AVP were increased after water loadings. Restriction of water intake ameliorated the symptoms and reduced hyponatremia. These findings suggest that NSAID or prochlorperazine caused overt SIAD twice in eight years. The water loading test itself stimulated the release of AVP and a suppression of the renin-aldosterone system played a more important role in natriuresis than ANP in this case.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Transient hypothyroidism in a case of untreated Graves' disease.

We report the case of a 41-year-old female with untreated Graves' disease who developed transient hypothyroidism. The hypothyroid state was thought to be caused by silent thyroiditis, based on findings of a non-tender thyroid gland, suppressed thyroidal radioactive iodine uptake, normal white blood cell count and normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and ultrasonogram results. Silent thyroiditis may play a role in the development of Graves' hyperthyroidism. Results for TSH-binding inhibitor immunoglobulins (TBII), thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) were positive before the development of hypothyroidism. Their levels were decreased during and after the hypothyroid phase. These results suggest that the same or similar mechanism(s) were involved in the production of these different antibodies during the course of her illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Mechanistic understanding of enamel mineralization under fluoride regime.

In order to learn more about how the microenvironment for enamel mineralization is modified by fluoride at low concentrations (0 through 1 ppm) and how excess fluoride retards the degradation and removal of amelogenins, we studied precipitation reactions in an in vitro model utilizing a dialysis chamber. The results showed that, with the limited supply of Ca ions through the ultrafiltration membrane, the solution composition surrounding the seed crystals showed a proximity to the steady-state condition after 12-24 h equilibration. Major findings were that (a) fluoride overcame partially the inhibition of precipitation and growth reactions by enamel proteins and (b), with this accelerating effect of fluoride, the steady-state Ca concentrations in the media surrounding the seed crystals decreased substantially as a function of fluoride concentration. The overall results support the concept that the presence of fluoride in the mineralizing milieu can modify markedly the steady-state concentrations of mineral lattice ions, particularly decreasing free Ca2+ concentrations, which in turn may modulate protease activities in situ.

Amelogenin↗
PubMed1995

[Causative agent of the so-called "light disease of shrimps" is luminescent Vibrio cholerae non-O1].

A number of luminous fresh-water shrimps were found in a fish preserve in Lake Biwa, Shiga Prefecture, in the middle of July, 1994, and most of them died within several hours after collection (the so-called "light disease of shrimp"). Four luminous organisms were isolated from a dead shrimp. Although the phenotypic properties of these strains were similar to those of V. cholerae or V. mimicus, a representative strain, 838-94, was shown to have a high level (79%) of DNA homology with V. cholerae type strain, ATCC 14035 and a low level (45%) of relatedness to V. mimicus type strain, ATCC 33653. Therefore, these isolates were identified as V. cholerae. The four strains fell into serogroup O28 of V. cholerae. On the other hand, none of the isolates had CT nor NAG-ST genes. The results obtained herein clearly demonstrate that these organisms isolated from luminous shrimps are luminescent V. cholerae serogroup O28.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[RAEB in T with monosomy 7 after treatment of severe aplastic anemia with long term G-CSF].

A 19-year-old male who suffered from severe aplastic anemia had been treated with granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) from September 1991. Marked increase of hematopoietic cells in his bone marrow was observed, and maintenance administration of G-CSF was continued. 15 months later, myeloblasts with nuclear abnormality increased, and 22 months later, myeloblasts with chromosomal abnormality presenting 46, XY, -7, +21 exceeded 20%, and aplastic anemia seemed to be transformed into refractory anemia with excess of blasts in transformation (RAEB in T). The usefulness of G-CSF in the treatment of aplastic anemia is now established, but there are some reports questioning the effect of long-term administration, especially transformation to MDS with monosomy 7. Leukemic transformation from aplastic anemia is very complex, but in some cases, long term administration of G-CSF may affect the natural course and may lead to the earlier development of leukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Acute myelomonocytic leukemia complicated with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, nephrotic syndrome, and hemophagocytic syndrome].

A 59-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of fever in August 1991. Bone marrow showed normocellularity with 41.5% of CD13, 14, 33 positive blasts, and a diagnosis of AMMoL was made. Laboratory investigation revealed hyponatremia and elevated serum ADH level, indicating the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Intensive chemotherapy successfully induced hematological complete remission and his serum sodium level became normal. In February 1992, he developed proteinuria and findings were consistent with nephrotic syndrome (NS). Renal biopsy specimen showed membranous proliferative glomerulonephritis and massive infiltration of macrophages, and his serum interleukin 6 level was elevated. Five months later, he suffered from pancytopenia and elevation of biliary enzymes with increase of hemophagocytic histiocytes in his bone marrow (hemophagocytic syndrome). He transiently responded to low dose chemotherapy but he died due to severe infection. It is interesting that association between macrophages and/or cytokines with these various complications was suggested in AMMoL.

Fatal Outcome↗
PubMed1995

[Aplastic anemia with giant splenomegaly and myelofibrosis successfully treated with antilymphocyte globulin].

Severe aplastic anemia was diagnosed in a 58-year-old female because of pancytopenia with leukocyte count 700/microliters, hemoglobin 3.4 g/dl, platelet count 4.2 x 10(4)/microliters and fatty hypoplastic bone marrow in August 1992. In January 1993, she was admitted with an abdominal skin infection caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa. After treatment of the infection, antilymphocyte globulin was given at a dose of 2,000 mg/day for four consecutive days in July 1993. This resulted in a gradual but steady improvement in her hematological data. In February 1995, her leukocyte count increased to 2,000/microliters, hemoglobin to 15.2 g/dl and platelet count to 11.0 x 10(4)/microliters. Although no splenomegaly or myelofibrosis was found previously, from April 1993, the spleen enlarged and was palpable 10 cm below the costal margin. Her bone marrow biopsy in June 1993 revealed prominent myelofibrosis. Thereafter no changes were found in these features. Splenomegaly and myelofibrosis are characteristic of primary myelofibrosis and although the relationship is uncertain, there is no previous report on aplastic anemia with splenomegaly and myelofibrosis.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1995

Purification and characterization of a vegetative lytic enzyme responsible for liberation of daughter cells during the proliferation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

A vegetative lytic enzyme (VLE) of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mediates digestion of the cell walls of mother cells (sporangia) to allow release of daughter cells after miotic cell division in the vegetative cell cycle. This enzyme is secreted into the culture medium concurrently with the appearance of daughter cells in synchronized cultures. Using an assay that monitors digestion of the mother cell wall, we purified VLE by ion-exchange and gel-filtration chromatography from the medium of synchronized cultures. The purified enzyme was a basic glycoprotein with an apparent molecular mass of 120 kDa on gel filtration and 130 kDa on SDS-PAGE. Thus, VLE appeared to behave as a monomer. The enzyme acted specifically on the mother cell wall and was unable to digest the cell walls derived from single vegetative cells. The enzymatic activity was inhibited by PMSF, p-APMSF, TLCK, HgCl2, iodoacetate, EGTA, EDTA and 1, 10-phenanthroline. VLE cleaved several synthetic model peptides on the carboxyl side of a Lys or Arg residue, indicating that it is a protease that acts on protein in the mother cell wall in vivo to release the daughter cells.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

[Physicochemical characterization and lung clearance of pertechnegas].

Pertechnegas, which is a variant of technegas, is an ultrafine carbon aerosol formed inside a technegas generator in the presence of 3% oxygen and 97% argon. The easy extractability of the pertechnegas in the phosphate buffered saline (PBS), the distribution seen in rats after intravenous injection of the pertechnegas and the results of the radiochromatography showed that the pertechnegas behaved like pertechnetate (TcO4-). In vivo study, the clearance half time (T1/2) of inhaled pertechnegas has shown no significant difference to that of TcO4- aerosol in 7 normal subjects. T1/2 of the pertechnegas was considerably faster in comparison with T1/2 of DTPA aerosol. However, T1/2 of the pertechnegas was more rapid in 6 smokers compared with T1/2 in 4 nonsmokers (p < 0.01), and was also increased in the upper lung field compared with the lower lung field (p < 0.01); these results closely correlate with those obtained with DTPA aerosol. Further study of the clearance of the pertechnegas in pulmonary diseases is required to assess clinical usefulness.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1995

[Bilateral ankle ulcers associated with hydroxyurea therapy for chronic myelogenous leukemia].

Bilateral ankle skin ulcers developed in a 61-year-old man in the chronic phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia receiving hydroxyurea therapy. The circulating immune complex (anti-C3d antibody) was high in this case, but vasculitis was not observed in the pathological findings of biopsied skin materials. This association has been reported in patients who had chronic myelogenous leukemia or other myeloproliferative disorders and were treated with hydroxyurea. It is likely that skin ulcers are caused by hydroxyurea.

Foot Ulcer↗
PubMed1995

[A case of probable allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis due to Aspergillus niger].

We report a case of probable allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) due to Aspergillus niger. An 80-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of wheezing, expectoration of a mucous plug and atelectasis of the right lower lobe as seen on a chest X-ray film. The patient had eosinophilia and immediate wheal-and-flare skin reactivity to A. fumigatus. Serum precipitating antibodies against A. niger and elevated serum IgE, however, were absent. Mucus impaction and bronchiectasis were revealed by both bronchoscopy and CT scanning. The mucous plug contained A. niger, numerous eosinophils and Charcot-Leyden crystals. Corticosteroid therapy ameliorated the symptoms and abnormal laboratory findings. Therefore, this was a rare, informative case of probable ABPA due to A. niger associated with a normal level of serum IgE and negative precipitation antibodies against A. niger antigen.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Autoimmune hemolytic anemia reactivated by alpha-interferon therapy in a case of chronic active C-type hepatitis].

A case with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) induced by interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) is presented. A 40-year-old male who had a previous history of autoimmune hemolytic anemia, agranulocytosis and thrombocytopenia was admitted to our hospital because of chronic C type hepatitis. Liver biopsy was performed, which diagnosed chronic active hepatitis and IFN-alpha was administrated at a dose of 3 Meg unit per day. 11 days after the initiation of the therapy he developed hemolytic anemia, but Coombs tests were negative. Although IFN was withdrawn 15 days later, anemia became progressively more serious. 20 days later, both direct and indirect Coombs tests became positive. He was diagnosed as AIHA and treated with methylprednisolone pulse therapy, then he recovered soon afterward. Further analysis of Coombs tests revealed that he had both cold type and warm type (IgG) autoantibodies which was the same type of antibodies for AIHA he suffered 10 years ago. In conclusion, latent AIHA may be reactivated by the treatment with IFN-alpha.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Architecture and function of the extravascular fluid pathway: special reference to the macula cribriformis in the diaphragm.

Silver staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have been used to delineate the structure and function of the extravascular fluid pathway of the diaphragm of monkeys, rats, mice and rabbits. The submesothelial connective tissue was examined by SEM using the NaOH maceration method. A sieve-like structure, the macula cribriformis, was found in the submesothelial connective tissue on the peritoneal side of both the muscular and tendinous portions. The macula cribriformis, which consisted of densely-packed collagen fibrils, was oval, spindle and polygonal in shape and ranged in diameter from 20 to 300 microns with 5-300 foramina (3-15 microns). The macula cribriformis was located between peritoneal mesothelial cells with stomata and subperitoneal lymphatic capillaries. Intraperitoneally-injected latex particles were carried into the diaphragmatic lymphatic capillaries via the peritoneal stomata and the foramina of the macula cribriformis. These results support the hypothesis proposed by Kihara (Okajimas Fol Anat Jpn 28: 601-621, 1956) that the macula cribriformis is a pre-lymphocapillary pathway, one of the extravascular fluid pathways.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Detection of right ventricular infarction by gadolinium DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

We investigated the usefulness of gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance (Gd-MR) imaging for diagnosis of right ventricular (RV) infarction in 14 patients with acute inferior infarction. Myocardial perfusion images with thallium 201 and technetium 99m pyrophosphate (dual single-photon emission computed tomography: dual SPECT) and haemodynamic data were obtained on admission. Patients were classified into three groups based on dual SPECT and Gd-MR findings: no accumulation in the right ventricle (negative, Type 1), posterior RV infarction (Type 2) and anterior and posterior RV infarction (Type 3). No patients exhibited the haemodynamic criteria for RV infarction (a mean right atrial pressure above 10 mmHg and a ratio of mean right atrial pressure to pulmonary artery wedge pressure above 0.8). Dual SPECT identified RV infarction in eight patients (three Type 2 and five Type 3, 57% of the total). Gd-MR imaging also identified eight patients (57%) as positive (five Type 2 and three Type 3). Our results showed that Gd-MR imaging was not only useful for diagnosis of RV infarction, but also equal to dual SPECT in sensitivity and specificity, and superior to it as regards acquisition time and assessing the spatial anatomy of heart. In conclusion, Gd-MR imaging is superior to dual SPECT for detection of RV infarction.

Aged↗