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Biomedical subjects

T Shibata

Publications and source records attributed to T Shibata.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Selective anticancer effects of intra-arterial infusion of 3',5'-dioctanoyl-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (TT82) in hepatocellular carcinoma].

3'-5'-Dioctanoyl-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (TT 82), one of the lipophilic prodrugs of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine mixed with Lipiodol (LPD), was injected into the hepatic artery before hepatic resection in 4 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Later, the anti-cancer effects of the drug were evaluated mainly by the examination of resected specimens. The serum alpha-fetoprotein levels of three patients in whom the values were over normal range fell to less than 50% of pretreatment values from 7 to 14 days after the injections. In pathological observation of the specimens, the necrosis rates of main tumors were 100%, 70%, 30% and 0%, respectively. In three patients whose main tumors showed complete or partial necrosis, selective depositions of LPD in the tumors were observed on soft X-ray photographs. The concentrations of TT 82 and its metabolites in the tissues of LPD-depositing areas were markedly higher than those in tissue of the regions without LPD deposits. These findings suggested that TT82-Lipiodol mixture remained selectively in the cancerous tissues and exhibited anticancer effects following injection into the hepatic artery.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Somatostatinoma of the rectum.

We report a case of a 29-yr-old man with a rectal carcinoid that metastasized to the liver, secreting somatostatin. The patient first presented with an abdominal mass and mild diabetes, and, subsequently, rectal tumor and hypersomatostatinemia. Microscopic examination of the rectal tumor showed characteristic features of carcinoid. Multiple liver metastases were recognized. The plasma level of somatostatin was remarkably high (2,839 pg/ml). Plasma gut glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) increased with progress of the disease. He died of hepatic failure 20 months after his first admission. Immunoperoxidase staining showed that rectal tumor cells contained somatostatin-like-immunoreactivity. Electron microscopy of tumor tissue showed neurosecretory (D-cell) granules. Somatostatin content of the rectal tumor was very high (5,629 pg/mg).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A cataract classification and grading system].

A cataract classification and grading system developed for cataract epidemiological survey was introduced. Cataractous opacities were classified into cortical, nuclear and subcapsular types. Gradings of cataract progression were divided into early (Grade I), moderate (II) and advanced (III) stages. The grading of cortical opacity was judged by the opaque area in a maximally dilated pupillary zone of which findings were obtained from a red-reflex image. The grading of nuclear opacity was judged from the intensity of scattering light at the nucleus. Three grading steps were based on the densitometrical analysis of photographed images. Subcapsular opacities were classified into three gradings by extensions up to the normal, moderately dilated and maximally dilated pupil size. Regarding cortical and unclear cataracts, standard images indicating border findings between Grades I and II and Grades II and III were provided to help with classification. Nuclear coloration was classified into pale yellow, yellow, brownish yellow and brown including reddish brown and black brown. To document cataractous findings, a recording chart was made.

Cataract↗
PubMed1989

Enteroglucagon release in disaccharide malabsorption induced by intestinal alpha-glucosidase inhibition.

To study the effects of acarbose, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, on saccharide absorption and pancreatic and gut hormone release, we loaded 50 g glucose (GTT), maltose (MTT), and sucrose (STT) to 12 healthy male volunteers with and without acarbose (0, 100, or 300 mg) in a double-blind protocol. Oral load of 300 mg acarbose did not inhibit absorption of 50 g glucose; neither did it alter subsequent responses of insulin and glucagons. Maltose absorption was not influenced by acarbose up to 300 mg. However, insulin response was reduced and eteroglucagon response was enhanced by acarbose. Acarbose 100 mg markedly decreased absorption of sucrose, resulting in inhibition of plasma elevation of glucose and insulin and in enhancement of enteroglucagon release. Oral load of 30 g lactulose, nonabsorbable disaccharide, could reproduce the acarbose-induced enteroglucagon release. An increase in osmotic pressure due to retention of unabsorbed carbohydrate in the distal small intestine and proximal colon may explain the acarbose-induced enteroglucagon release and diarrhea that results from STT with acarbose.

Acarbose↗
PubMed1989

Gastrinoma in a mesenteric lymph node.

A 36-yr-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of severe vomiting and diarrhea. Upper gastrointestinal series showed deformity of the duodenum. Serum gastrin level was very high (1,829 pg/ml) and secretin provocative test presented a positive result (peak 4,535 pg/ml). We diagnosed his illness as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, but failed to identify the site of tumor. His symptoms were controlled with cimetidine 1,600 mg qid, but serum gastrin level was increasing. A year after the first admission, computed tomographic scan and selective angiography demonstrated the tumor, and surgery was performed. A solitary 2-cm tumor was noted at the surface of mesenterium of the duodenum. Frozen and paraffin section of the tumor revealed islet cell tumor apparently within a lymph node. Immunohistological examination revealed positive staining for gastrin alone. No other tumors were detectable by inspection and palpation during the operation. After excision of the tumor, serum gastrin and secretion test were normalized, and the patient remains asymptomatic 1 yr after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The significance of hormone receptors in hormone therapy of gastric cancers].

The influence of sex hormones on carcinogenesis of the stomach was investigated clinically and experimentally. Thereafter, hormone therapy for Borrmann type 4 gastric cancers was started and achieved good results according to some reports. The presence of hormone receptors (ER and PGR), which are detected in 10-20% of gastric cancers, was one of the bases of that therapy. However, the role of hormone receptors in hormone therapy is not clear because the stomach is not the target organ of sex hormones. The mechanisms of hormone effects on cancer therapy have been described as follows: (a) Hormone receptors play an important role in stimulating the proliferation of cells via hormone-receptor complexes. (b) Hormones play a direct role in stimulating the proliferation of cells without any involvement of receptors. We found evidence that sex hormones might suppress the growth of some stomach cancers. On that basis, we started a trial of a hormone therapy using tamoxifen in females and estriol in males after radical surgery for Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer. We hope to obtain good results in this new trial.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Recombinant interleukin-2 therapy of systemic lupus erythematosus in the New Zealand black/New Zealand white mouse.

New Zealand Black/New Zealand White (NZB/W) mice, a model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), have age-dependent loss of interleukin-2 (IL-2) production. To determine if replacement therapy would influence the course of autoimmune disease, we injected groups of NZB/W mice with low-dose (1,500 units/day) or high-dose (15,000 units/day) purified human recombinant IL-2. Parameters of active SLE and populations of splenocytes were not altered consistently by long-term treatment with either dose of IL-2.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Analysis of pancreatic enzymes in the bile of congenital choledochal cyst with anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union].

Pancreatic enzymes in the bile of congenital choledochal cyst with anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union were analyzed. Almost all pancreatic proteases were already activated in the bile aspirated immediately after insertion of PTCD tube. However, inactive proteases gradually increased after continuation of drainage by PTCD. Pancreatic protease activities appeared again after clamping the PTCD tube. In vitro study of trypsin activities in the bile containing no initial trypsin activity, active type of trypsin did not appear throughout the experimental period. It is suggested that continuous reflux of pancreatic juice into the bile and certain incubation time are necessary for activation of pancreatic protease in bile of congenital choledochal cyst.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The difference in malignancy between pedunculated and sessile polypoid lesions of the gallbladder.

Surgically resected polypoid lesions of the gallbladder from 97 patients were evaluated to determine both the shape (pedunculated or sessile) and diameter of the polypoid lesions, in association with malignancy. At the time of analysis, the largest polypoid lesion examined was when two or more lesions were detected in one patient because they were histologically the same. Carcinoma was noted in 9 (13%) of the 67 pedunculated lesions and in 10 (33%) of the 30 sessile lesions. The sessile carcinoma was 14 +/- 4 mm (8-20 mm) in maximum diameter, which was not significantly larger than the 8 +/- 4 mm of the benign polyps, but significantly smaller than the 22 +/- 8 mm (14-35 mm) of pedunculated carcinomas (p less than 0.05). Cancer invasion extended beyond the muscular layer in eight cases (80%) of sessile carcinoma, and two of them were 10 mm or less in diameter. On the other hand, cancer invasion was beyond the muscular layer in two cases (22%) of pedunculated carcinoma (p less than 0.05), and these two were 30 mm or more in diameter. Likewise, sessile carcinoma was characterized by both a higher incidence of nodal involvement and poorer prognosis, compared with pedunculated carcinoma. These findings indicate that surgery should be undertaken when sessile polyps are detected by ultrasonography, even though the polyp may be less than 10 mm in diameter. On the other hand, with regard to the pedunculated type, malignancy should be suspected when the polyp is more than 10 mm in diameter.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Suppressive effect of sex hormones on spreading of stomach cancer].

The frequency of stomach cancer in females is lower than that in males, but the cancers in females are often Borrmann type 4 or poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. In young patients, the frequency of gastric cancer in females is higher than that in males, and widely spread cancers are often observed just after pregnancy and delivery. The incidence of stomach cancer in female rats is lower than that in males but the incidence increased slightly after pregnancy and delivery. And it decreased when female sex hormones are injected to male rats. It is surmised that female sex hormones or their analogues play a suppressive role on carcinogenesis or progression of stomach cancer, and that pregnancy and delivery may accelerate the growing of stomach cancer. Hormone therapy was performed to get some effects, and to take much more effects, some other new trials on hormone therapy are necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Pancreas divisum. A predisposing factor to pancreatitis?

Cases of pancreas divisum (PD) were reviewed in our patients and 19 Japanese and 14 English series during the past 10 yr to see any significant association of PD with certain diseases. PD was diagnosed in 20 (0.64%) among our 3121 patients with successful endoscopic pancreatograms (ERP). Of 20 PD patients, acute pancreatitis in one, chronic pancreatitis in two, ampullary cancer in one, and cholelithiasis in five were diagnosed. Incidences of PD were 2.6% (1/38) in acute pancreatitis, 0.8% (2/248) in chronic pancreatitis, 0% (0/100) in pancreatic cancer, 20% (1/5) in ampullary cancer, and 0.8% (5/615) in cholelithiasis. The incidences were similar to overall incidences of ours and other Japanese series (0.69% of 36,171 patients). Higher incidences of acute pancreatitis (12.9% of 559) and pancreatic cancer (5.5% in 448) may result from the higher overall incidence (4.6% in 16,257) in English series. The relationship between pancreatitis and PD has been controversial, but our present data suggest that PD is a coincidental finding and not a predisposing factor to pancreatitis in Japan.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A case report of a patient who developed cyanosis and significant decrease in PtcO2 caused by a contraction of the ductus arteriosus].

A 2-day-old male baby with patent ductus arteriosus and pulmonary atresia had an emergency anoplasty because of anal atresia. During the operation, anesthesia was maintained satisfactorily with 1-2% halothane and 70% nitrous oxide in oxygen, accompanied with continuous infusion of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1). However, after the inspired oxygen concentration was changed to 100% from 30% at the end of the operation, transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen (PtcO2) began to decrease progressively, developing cyanosis and sinus bradycardia. Immediately the inspiratory concentration of oxygen was returned to 30% from 100% and the infusion rate of PGE1 was increased from 2 micrograms. kg-1.min-1. Atropine 0.2mg was also administered intravenously. A few minutes after this therapy, a gradual increase in PtcO2 was observed, and he recovered from cyanosis and respiratory arrest. In this case, we suspect that the cyanosis developed because of the contraction of PDA. In summary, anesthetic management of a patient with pulmonary atresia and PDA is described. The PtcO2 should be monitored continuously and the inspiration of pure oxygen should be avoided. Continuous infusion of PGE1 may be one of the effective measures to dilate PDA.

Cyanosis↗
PubMed1989

[Magnetic resonance imaging of the thorax].

We examined thirty-five patients with various chest diseases with cardiac gated Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) at 1.5 tesla. Major advantages of MRI of the thorax are its abilities to display sagittal and coronal planes and to disclose vessels clearly without contrast media. We conclude MRI is useful in evaluating, 1) masses at the lung apex or base, 2) chest wall invasion, 3) hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, 4) aortic aneurysm, and 5) bronchogenic cyst.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cell-specific brain tumour induction in neural transplants: evidence for multistep carcinogenesis in the nervous system.

Using neural grafting techniques, an attempt was made to elucidate the histogenesis of gliomas induced transplacentally by N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU). Pregnant rats received a single intravenous dose of ENU (50 mg/kg body weight) on day 14 of gestation. One day later, suspensions were prepared from the fetal forebrain and stereotactically injected into the caudoputamen of adult rats. These host animals received additional intravenous injections of ENU (50 mg/kg each) eight days and nine weeks after the neural graft. Histopathologically, these neoplasms were classified as oligodendrogliomas, ranging from early neoplastic foci to large, infiltrating malignant tumours. The selective induction of oligodendrogliomas indicates that neoplastic transformation in the nervous system can occur in oligodendrocytes or in precursor cells committed to oligodendrocytic differentiation and that transformation of a pluripotential stem cell is not necessary. Omission of the first (prenatal) dose of ENU led to a much lower tumour incidence, whereas this dose in itself, i.e., without additional postgrafting exposure, did not produce brain tumours in any of the experimental animals. This differential effect of pre- and postgrafting exposure to ENU constitutes the first evidence for a multistep development of brain tumours in vivo.

Animals↗