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Biomedical subjects

T Shibata

Publications and source records attributed to T Shibata.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Significance of urinary fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in renal diseases measured by a highly sensitive ELISA.

The urinary fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), as sensitive indicators of various renal disorders, have been measured by several methods. For their determination, a new and highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay not requiring the urine concentration has been developed. The study comprised 42 patients with nonnephrotic chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN), 23 patients with primary nephrotic syndrome (NS), and 29 healthy adults. The results were as follows: (1) the content of urinary FDP in normal subjects was 10.30 +/- 9.08 ng/ml; (2) the mean level of urinary FDP in both CGN and NS groups was significantly higher than in normal subjects; (3) in the CGN group itself there was a tendency for an increase of urinary FDP during more active forms of the disease, and (4) there was a significant correlation between urinary FDP and urinary protein in the CGN group, whereas no correlation was observed in the NS group. These results suggest that the major part of urinary FDP in the CGN group derives from the increased filtration, while its origin in the NS group is not related to increased filtration only, but may also have involved intraglomerular coagulation abnormalities. The newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay can detect urinary FDP levels lower than 3.9 ng/ml. Therefore, this method can be of great value in determining the degree of abnormalities of intraglomerular coagulation and fibrinolysis in renal diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Inhibition of aldosterone turn-off phenomenon following chronic adrenocorticotropin treatment with in vivo administration of antiglucocorticoid and antioxidants in rats.

Chronic adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) treatment in rats leads to a fall in aldosterone secretion (aldosterone turn-off or "aldosterone escape" phenomenon) with a concomitant rise in corticosterone. To elucidate whether ACTH-induced aldosterone suppression is mediated by steroid type II receptor or related to a free-radical effect by over-synthesized corticosterone, we examined the effects of a glucocorticoid antagonist, RU486, and antioxidants dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and vitamin E, on the aldosterone turn-off phenomenon in rats. Each rat received daily for 5 days a different dose of ACTH-Z (5, 10, 20 or 40 micrograms/100 g body weight) 1 mg RU486/100 g body weight, 100 microliters (1.3 mmol) DMSO/100 g body weight or 2 mg vitamin E/100 g body weight with subcutaneous injection. Plasma steroid levels and in vitro release of steroids from the adrenal capsule were measured. The ACTH-Z treatment caused a dose-dependent increase in corticosterone and a decrease in aldosterone in both plasma and adrenal capsule experiments, as well as an increase in adrenal weights. For the following study 5 micrograms/100 g body weight of ACTH-Z was used. Administration of RU486 alone caused no change in plasma aldosterone level compared to controls, even though the steroid type II receptor was blocked, as evidenced by significant increases in plasma ACTH and corticosterone levels. Concomitant administration of RU486 and ACTH-Z increased both plasma corticosterone and aldosterone levels (p < 0.01) but decreased adrenal capsule corticosterone production (p < 0.05) compared to the rats treated with ACTH-Z alone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1995

Peroxidase activity and cell differentiation in developing salivary glands of the rats.

Peroxidase (PO) activity-positive cells were found to develop in both the sublingual and submandibular glands of the rat on day 19 of gestation. The PO activity in the nuclear envelope (NE), endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus (G) and secretory granules (SG) of these cells were enhanced day by day. However, no PO activity was detected in the parotid gland on the same day. In the parotid gland PO-positive cells were detected first on postnatal day 1. After birth the PO activity in the SG of both the sublingual and submandibular glands gradually diminished in intensity and disappeared, whereas the activity persisted in the parotid gland. From postnatal day 1 to 14, the NE and ER of the cells in the parotid and sublingual glands exhibited intense PO activity, while cells containing mucous SG appeared. The cells were identified as mucoserous acinar cells. These mucoserous cells later differentiated into different cell types: serous cells in the parotid gland and mucous cells in the sublingual gland. As the submandibular gland developed, PO activity-positive serous cells also differentiated into mucoserous cells and the activity in the G and SG disappeared. The parotid, sublingual and submandibular glands of perinatal rats have clearly showed varied growth, with the advent processes of PO activity and cell differentiation, whereas PO activity in the G concomitantly occurred with SG activity.

Aging↗
PubMed1995

Susceptibility for hydroperoxide formation of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine in liposomes.

To compare the peroxidative susceptibilities of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in liposomes, multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) were prepared with equimolar L-alpha-dilinoleoyl PC (DLPC) and L-alpha-dilinoleoyl PE (DLPE), and with soya PC and soya PE having a uniform constituent fatty acids. The hydroperoxide formation at 37 degrees C in the presence of a water-soluble radical initiator was examined by chemiluminescence-high-performance liquid chromatography (CL-HPLC), and the effect of heterogeneous distribution of PC and PE on peroxidation was investigated. No difference was found between the hydroperoxidation of PC and PE in MLVs systems, except that soya PC was more susceptible to peroxidation than soya PE in the L-alpha-dipalmitoyl PC (DPPC)-based liposomes. No correlation was found between the amount of phospholipids distributed in the external leaflet of MLVs and hydroperoxide formation. This result suggested that the unsaturation of constituent fatty acids in phospholipids is more important than the difference in the polar head group of phospholipids regarding their peroxidizabilities in liposomes.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1995

[A case of massive air embolism during cardiopulmonary bypass].

Massive air embolism during cardiopulmonary bypass is one of the most serious complications in open heart surgery. We report such an accident, which was managed by temporary retrograde perfusion through the superior vena cava. A 59-year-old woman with severe mitral stenosis underwent mitral valve replacement. Soon after the start of the bypass, a massive air embolism occurred, probably because a bend in the tubing caused the blood level in the oxygenator to fall. The pump was stopped immediately and the patient was placed in the deep Trendelenburg position. The pump circuit was primed rapidly with fluid and retrograde perfusion through the superior vena cava was done at a flow rate of 1.5 L/min for 5 min. After air return from the aortotomy was confirmed, the standard bypass procedure was resumed with hypothermia. When the accident was discovered, and until the end of the operation, deep anesthesia was induced with pentobarbital for protection of the brain. Mitral valve replacement and tricuspid annuoplasty were done in the usual way thereafter. Postoperatively, the patient had no neurologic sequelae except for transient generalized convulsions, and has returned to normal daily activities.

Cardiopulmonary Bypass↗
PubMed1995

[Study on therapeutics adopted after occlusion of intraarterial reservoir in patients with liver tumor].

Over the last 5 years, we experienced thirty-nine patients with liver tumors undergoing implantation of an intraarterial reservoir through the gastroduodenal artery. Nine of the 39 patients had hepatocellular carcinomas, while the rest had metastatic liver tumors. In 32 patients, intraarterial chemotherapy via an implanted reservoir was discontinued either because of death in 20 patients with an average survival period of 11.7 months or because of occlusion of an intraarterial line in 12 patients with an average treatment period of 20.2 months. Regarding treatment modalities adopted for intraarterial therapy, transcatheter arterial embolization, surgical resection, microwave tumor coagulation, ethanol injection therapy, and a subselective intraarterial chemotherapy were performed in 3 patients with hepatocellular carcinomas. All of them survived more than 2 years after disuse of the reservoir. Out of 5 patients with metastatic liver tumors of colorectal cancer, one patient underwent additional surgical resection, two patients had no therapy who survived only two or three months, and two patients were still alive without additional therapies. Of four patients with metastatic liver tumors, 3 from breast cancer and one from leiomyosarcoma of stomach were treated with systemic chemotherapy or subselective intraarterial chemotherapy combined with radiation therapy. The average survival period of these 12 patients was 16.2 months, and 7 of them are still alive.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1995

[Long-term survival in two cases of multiple liver metastasis successfully treated with intraoperative ultrasound-guided microwave tumor coagulation (MTC)].

Since April 1990, multiple metastatic liver tumors have been treated with intraoperative ultrasound-guided microwave tumor coagulation (MTC) in combination with postoperative intraarterial chemotherapy. Twenty-four patients have been enrolled in this therapeutic modality and two of five patients treated in 1990 achieved long-term survival. In case 1, a 67-year-old woman was diagnosed as bearing gastric leiomyosarcoma with multiple liver metastasis. Total gastrectomy was performed, and six hepatic lesions were treated by MTC along with implantation of an intraarterial reservoir. Postoperative intraarterial chemotherapy was administered in a selective or subselective manner. Her survival time was 4 years and 6 months. In case 2, a 47-year-old man was diagnosed as having liver metastasis from descending colon cancer 1 year and 5 months after left hemicolectomy. When he was laparotomized for the treatment of adhesive ileus, three metastatic liver tumors were treated with MTC. Afterward, he underwent hepatic resection, intraarterial and intraportal chemotherapy. He survived for 5 years and 5 months after being diagnosed with liver metastasis. MTC is one of the useful modalities for the treatment of multiple liver metastasis.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Surgical repair of ventricular septal perforation following acute myocardial infarction in an 86-year-old man].

We reported on an 86-year-old man who underwent successful repair of ventricular septal perforation (VSP). He was admitted to our hospital with acute inferior myocardial infarction (MI). Color Doppler echocardiogram showed the VSP located in posterior ventricular septum and right heart catheterization revealed a Qp/Qs of 2.1. His hemodynamic condition worsened, necessitating initiation of intraaortic balloon pumping 11 days after the onset of MI. Surgical repair of the VSP was performed on that day. A posterior ventricular septal defect was repaired using the method advocated by Daggett: the ventricular septal defect was closed with a Teflon felt patch, and left ventricular free wall was closed with an artificial graft. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient is doing well at one year after operation. He was, to the best of our knowledge, the eldest patient to undergo successful operation for VSP in Japan.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Case of pseudocoarctation associated with aneurysm of the descending aorta].

A 55-year-old man was hospitalized for examination of a descending aortic aneurysm found on chest X-ray film. Aortogram and magnetic resonance imaging showed elongation and kinking of the arch and proximal descending aorta, which is associated with a descending aneurysm. A slit-like area of stenosis was found at the beginning of the aneurysm, but there was no pressure gradient across the stenotic lesion. The diagnosis of pseudocoarctation with aneurysm was done, and an operation was undertaken. The aneurysm and the kinking distal to the left subclavian artery were resected, and an artificial graft was inserted using partial cardiopulmonary bypass. This case is the tenth of pseudocoarctation associated with aneurysm reported in Japan.

Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic↗
PubMed1995

[Portal blood immunoreactive insulin concentration after glucose infusion in elderly patients during gastrectomy compared with younger patients].

We evaluated the effect of aging on portal blood immunoreactive insulin concentration, AKBR, and keton body concentration (acetoacetate + beta-hydroxybutyrate) after glucose infusion (25 g glucose in an hour) in patients undergoing gastrectomy. Twenty-seven patients studied were elderly (above 65 years) and twenty-eight were younger (below 60 years). There was no significant difference in portal blood immunoreactive insulin concentration after glucose infusion between the two groups of patients. In elderly patients, however, AKBR was significantly lower and keton body concentration was significantly higher than those in younger patients, and these imply that suppression of ketogenesis and activation of hepatic mitochondrial function due to insulin may be reduced in elderly patients. These findings suggest that, during gastrectomy, pancreatic insulin secretion may not be impaired in elderly patients, but insulin action may be attenuated with aging.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Phototoxicity and photoallergenicity tests of T-3761].

Phototoxicity and photoallergenicity tests of T-3761 (oral or percutaneous administration) were carried out in guinea pigs. Phototoxicity test of T-3761 (oral administration) was done in rats, too. The following results were obtained. 1. Compared with comparative drugs in oral administration, phototoxicity of T-3761 was equal to that of ciprofloxacin, slightly stronger than that of nalidixic acid and weaker than those of ofloxacin, enoxacin, sparfloxacin and lomefloxacin. 2. A sensibility to phototoxicity of T-3761 in rats was weaker than that in guinea pigs. 3. Phototoxicity and photoallergenicity were not observed in application of T-3761 as 10% ointment. 4. Photoallergenicity was not observed in oral administration of T-3761.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1995

[Antigenicity study of T-3761].

Antigenicity studies of T-3761, a new quinolone derivative, were conducted and the following results were obtained. 1. By active systemic anaphylaxis test in guinea pigs, neither immunogenicity nor allergenicity of T-3761 was noted. 2. By homologous 4-hour passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test using the serum obtained from these guinea pigs, neither immunogenicity nor allergenicity of T-3761 was noted. 3. The potential of IgE antibody production in mice was examined by heterologous 24-hour PCA test in rats. But neither the potential of IgE antibody production nor allergenicity of T-3761 was noted. 4. By passive hemagglutination assay, we analysed the antibody titer in rats and dogs serum obtained from three-month toxicity repeated dose studies (oral and intravenously administration). But the hemagglutination response was negative and specific antibodies were not detected.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1995

A case of nephrotic syndrome associated with ischemic colitis exhibiting thickening of the colon wall.

The patient was a 54-year-old male with proteinuria, which was first noted in 1984. Recently, the patient experienced aggravation of the proteinuria, which resulted in nephrotic syndrome. Renal biopsy revealed findings compatible with membranous nephropathy. While being treated with prednisolone (30 mg/day), the patient experienced intense abdominal pain of sudden onset, diarrhea, and melena. A tumor was demonstrated by abdominal ultrasonography and CT scan. A diagnosis of ischemic colitis was made by colonoscopy. FDP and fibrinogen levels were elevated, and abnormalities of the coagulation and fibrinolytic factors were found at the onset of the symptoms.

Colitis, Ischemic↗
PubMed1995

[Intracranial dural malignant lymphoma: case report].

A case of intracranial dural malignant lymphoma was presented. A 35-year-old woman was admitted with generalized seizure. The neurological findings and laboratory data were normal. Computed tomography (CT) showed a nodular lesion in the left frontal convexity with marked enhancement by contrast medium. Angiography showed a slight tumor stain and the feeding artery from the ethmoid artery. On surgery, a soft pinkish tumor was found to be located in the dura and subdural space. It was resected subtotally. The histological diagnosis was malignant lymphoma of B cell origin. Postoperative Ga scintigraphy and abdominal CT disclosed no abnormalities in other organs, but bone marrow examination revealed lymphoma cells, which suggested that the patient might have systemic lymphoma. The patient and her family refused additional treatment. The patient is alive and well now over six years after the craniotomy. Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas usually arise in the cerebral parenchyma, while secondary CNS lymphomas commonly involve leptomeninges and perivascular spaces. Mass lesions arising in the dura are very rare.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Early changes at anastomotic sites of saphenous vein grafts after coronary artery bypass grafting].

Saphenous vein grafts are known to develop intimal fibrocellular proliferation, however, there is little information regarding early changes of intimal fibrocellular proliferation after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This study is based on 6 distal anastomotic sites obtained at autopsy from 3 patients who died within 9 days after CABG. The anastomotic sites were sectioned serially and studied with conventional and immunocytochemical techniques. Endothelial cells at all anastomotic sites showed desquamations. In two cases at 2 and 3 days after CABG, the luminal surfaces of anastomotic sites were covered by fibrin-platelet thrombus with infiltration of T-lymphocytes and macrophages. At these sites, moreover, some spindle-shaped cells were also present. Immunocytochemically, these spindle-shaped cells, which were stained with vimentin but negative with both anti-actin markers HHF35 and CGA7, were considered to be de-differentiated smooth muscle cells. In the case at 9 days after CABG, cellular reactions were mainly composed of macrophages and de-differentiated smooth muscle cells. In conclusion, these observations in human saphenous vein grafts at an early stage suggest that 1) endothelial denudation leads to adhesion of fibrin-platelet thrombus and subsequent cellular response. 2) T-lymphocytes and macrophages may play an important role in an early stage of intimal fibrocellular proliferation.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Spatial distribution of high-frequency components in the terminal QRS complex in patients with ventricular tachycardia and previous myocardial infarction--comparison of late potential map and spectral analysis].

It is clinically important to predict the ventricular tachycardia (VT) for the prognosis in patients with previous myocardial infarction. Low-amplitude high-frequency components observed at the end of QRS complex, termed "late potentials" are associated with VT. The use of signal-averaged body surface mapping technique enabled us to study spatial distributions of high-frequency components in the QRS terminal portion. In this paper, we investigated body surface distributions of high-frequency components in the terminal QRS complex, compared with late potential map and spectral analysis. Signal-averaged body surface mapping will provide new electrical information regarding understanding of the high-frequency components in the QRS complex.

Body Surface Potential Mapping↗