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Biomedical subjects

T Sekiguchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Sekiguchi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Clinical experience with an ampicillin suppository (KS-R1) in bacterial infections in children].

In order to evaluate effectiveness of ABPC suppository (KS-R1) in the treatment of bacterial infections of children, the clinical studies were carried out. KS-R1 was given in rectum to 14 patients in doses of 24.2 approximately 65.8 mg/kg (average 38.5 mg/kg) in 3 approximately 4 divided doses for 3 approximately 8 days (average 4.0 days); 6 with acute tonsillitis, 3 with pneumonia, 1 with otitis media, 4 with UTI. The overall efficacy rate was 100%. Bacterial efficacy was good, i.e. 8 of the 8 strains disappeared. Any clinical side effects and laboratory abnormalities were not observed during treatment. The above results suggested that KS-R1 is a useful antibiotics for pediatric bacterial infections.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Interdigestive phasic contractions of the human lower esophageal sphincter.

The results of this study show that lower esophageal sphincter contractions occur during phases 2 and 3 of the gastric interdigestive migratory motor complex in humans. In one series of studies, esophageal, gastric, and duodenal pressures were monitored overnight for 12 h in 7 healthy, fasting subjects. A second group of 10 volunteers was studied for 12 h on two consecutive nights. Periods of gastric contraction that reached a maximum frequency of about 3/min were shown to be part of the migratory motor complex cycle because they occurred immediately before phase 3 migratory motor complex activity in the duodenum. In all subjects, gastric interdigestive contractions were accompanied by lower esophageal sphincter contractions that maintained a pressure barrier between the stomach and esophageal body. During late phase 2 and phase 3 gastric migratory motor complex activity, the lower esophageal sphincter contractions were especially vigorous. Mean basal lower esophageal sphincter pressure varied significantly during the interdigestive cycle. Lower esophageal sphincter pressure values were maximal during phase 3 of gastric migratory motor complex activity and minimal values occurred during phase 1. No episodes of gastroesophageal reflux occurred as a result of increase of intragastric pressure caused by interdigestive gastric contractions.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of guanidination on subunit interactions in hybrid isozymes from pig lactate dehydrogenase.

The thermostability of the isozymes from pig heart (H) and muscle (M) lactate dehydrogenase (L-lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.27) decreased in the order of H4 greater than M4 greater than H3M greater than HM3 greater than H2M2, while the thermostability of the isozymes from guanidinated H4 and M4 increased as guanidinated H monomer was substituted by M monomer. The increased thermostability of H4 increased as guanidinated H monomer was substituted by M monomer. The increased thermostability of H4 on guanidination of five lysine residues per subunit was due to the decrease in the standard activation entropy, and no change in the standard activation enthalpy was observed. The more increased thermostability of H4 on further guanidination of lysine residues from 5 to 15 per subunit was due to the increase of the standard activation enthalpy which overcame the decrease in thermostability due to the increase of the standard activation entropy. The results indicate two different mechanisms of stabilization depending on the degree of guanidination. The increase of thermostability, as measured by the change of the standard activation free energy for thermal inactivation of H2M2, was almost the same as that of H4 on guanidination of five lysine residues in an H monomer. This result and the order of thermostability of the isozymes from unmodified and guanidinated H4 and M4 suggest that the increase of thermostability of hybrid isozymes on guanidination of H monomer is due to the change of the heterologous subunit interactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Mitochondrial DNA analysis of mouse-rat hybrid cells: effect of chloramphenicol selection on the relative amounts of parental mitochondrial DNAs.

Several mouse-rat somatic hybrid cell lines were isolated by fusing chloramphenicol-resistant (CAPr) and CAP-sensitive (CAPs) parent cells, and propagation of the parent mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) species in the hybrid cells was studied. The restriction endonucleases EcoRI, HpaII, and HaeIII were used for identification of mtDNA species. Both mouse and rat mtDNAs were propagated in all the hybrid cells examined and maintained during long-term cultivation and repeated cell division. Moreover, in CAPr mouse-rat hybrid cells, selection and successive cultivation in the presence of CAP did not increase the relative amount of mtDNA species of CAPr parent cell origin, and when CAP was removed from the culture medium, mtDNA species of CAPr parent cell origin did not decrease appreciably. The amount of mouse mtDNAs was consistently 1-4 times that of rat mtDNAs inthe mouse-rat hybrid cells regardless of the species of parent cells from which the CAP resistance was derived. Thus mouse-rat hybrid cells have a stable mtDNA population in which the amount of mouse mtDNAs is larger than that of rat mtDNAs without any influence of CAP selection.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Induction of supermelanin synthesis and morphological changes in interspecific reconstituted cells and its reversal by tumor promoter.

Chloramphenicol-resistant (CAPr) reconstituted cells and cybrids were isolated by fusion of karyoplasts (or intact cells) of mouse amelanotic melanoma B16 cells with cytoplasts of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) -deficient, CAPr rat myoblastic cells, L6TG.CAPr, and double selection in HAT medium containing CAP. Reconstituted cells or cybrids exhibited unique cellular arrangement, and about one third of the isolated clones expressed high tyrosinase activity and marked melanin synthesis, although the parental mouse cells expressed low tyrosinase activity and the parental rat cells did not express tyrosinase activity. These phenotypic changes have been stable for more than a year. The phenotypic reversions of these clonal cells were induced by treatment with a tumor promoter. There were changes in the morphology of the treated cells to that of the mouse B16 cells and extinction of tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis in pigmented clonal cells. These phenotypic changes and reversions induced by a promoter were repeatedly reversible.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Large-scale selection and analysis of temperature-sensitive mutants for cell reproduction from BHK cells.

Temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant cells for cell reproduction were isolated from the Syrian hamster cell line BHK21/13 by multiple culturing in the presence of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdU) at 37.5 degrees after N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis. A simple method for cell fusion was devised, which enabled us to perform complementation studies with a large number of ts mutants. By using the method we have analyzed 219 ts mutants and classified them into 18 complementation groups. Mutants that belonged to the same complementation groups tended to exhibit similar patterns of inhibition of DNA synthesis at 39.5 degrees; however, some mutants belonging to the same group showed somewhat different patterns, probably due to occurrence of different mutations in the same gene. Distribution of the ts mutants among the 18 complementation groups was uneven; more than 50% of the mutants examined were assigned to complementation group B and G. The mutations belonging to complementation group B and G were found to be linked to the X chromosome.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Laboratory and clinical studies of ceftizoxime in pediatrics (author's transl)].

Laboratory and clinical studies were performed as follows on ceftizoxime (CZX), a new cephalosporin antibiotic. 1. Susceptibility of clinically isolated bacteria to CZX and cefotiam (CTM) or sulbenicillin (SBPC). Antibacterial activities of CZX and CTM were compared against S. aureus, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae, H. influenzae and E. aerogenes; CZX was compared with SBPC against Ps. aeruginosa. CZX and CTM were nearly equal in activity against S. aureus, but CZX was found to be more active than CTM by 1--10 tubes against E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae, H. influenzae and E. aerogenes. Against Ps. aeruginosa, CZX and SBPC were nearly equal in activity. 2. Serum concentration and urinary recovery. Serum concentrations of CZX were measured in 6 patients given CZX for prophylactic purpose during cardiac catheterization. In 2 patients given 20 mg/kg of CZX intravenously, the average serum concentration was 38.9 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes after intravenous bolus injection. In 3 patients given 10 mg/kg of CZX by intravenous drip infusion, the peak average serum concentration was 28.1 micrograms/ml at the end of infusion. Urinary recovery in 2 patients tested was 81.1% and 92.5% until 6--7 hours after intravenous bolus injection. 3. Clinical efficacy. CZX was given intravenously to 24 patients in doses of 30--111 mg/kg (57.1 mg/kg on an average) t.i.d. or q.i.d. for 3--16 days (5.5 days on an average): 1 with lacunar tonsillitis, 4 with acute bronchitis, 12 with pneumonia, 2 with enterocolitis, 2 with soft tissue infection, 2 with lymphadenitis and 1 with UTI. The overall efficacy rate was 95.8%, i.e., efficacy was excellent in 10 (41.7%), good in 13 (54.2%), and poor in 1 (4.2%). Bacteriological efficacy was excellent, i.e. 21 of the 23 strains disappeared. One patient had mild and transient diarrhea, but no other laboratory abnormalities were observed during treatment. The above results suggest that CZX is 1 of the most useful antibiotics for treating pediatric infections, especially due to Gram negative bacteria.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

[Laboratory and clinical studies of cefmenoxime in the pediatric field].

Laboratory and clinical studies were performed on cefmenoxime (CMX), a new cephalosporin antibiotic, and the following results were obtained. 1. Susceptibility of clinically isolated bacteria to CMX and cefotiam (CTM) or cefazolin (CEZ) Antimicrobial activity of CMX was compared with that of CTM and CEZ against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and E. coli. CEZ and CTM were more active than CMX against S. aureus, S. epidermidis and S. pneumoniae. But CMX was found to be more active by 1-10 tubes than CEZ and CTM against H. influenzae and E. coli. 2. Clinical efficacy. CMX was intravenously administered to 19 patients; 3 with lacunar tonsillitis, 2 with acute bronchitis, 8 with bronchopneumonia, 3 with UTI, 1 with septicemia, 1 with acute panperitonitis, 1 with S.S.S.S. at daily doses of 30-115 mg/kg (64.6 mg/kg on an average) t.i.d. or q.i.d. for 3-17 days (6.1 days on an average). The overall efficacy rate was 94.7%, i.e., efficacy was excellent in 10 cases (52.6%), good in 8 cases (42.1%), and poor in 1 case (5.3%). Bacteriological efficacy was good, i.e. 16 of the 19 strains disappeared. Transient eosinophilia was observed in 1 patient, but no other laboratory abnormality was observed during treatment. The above results suggest that CMX is 1 of the useful antibiotics in treatment of pediatric infections, especially due to Gram negative bacteria.

Adolescent↗