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Biomedical subjects

T Scholten

Publications and source records attributed to T Scholten.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Effects of pentagastrin and heptagastrin on acid secretion in man (author's transl)].

Gastrin analogues are known to stimulate acid secretion with higher potency the more amino acids prolong the peptid chain towards the N-terminal end. In order to compare the response of pentagastrin (Gastrodiagnost, Merck, Darmstadt) and Heptagastrin (HOE 293, Hoechst AG, Frankfurt/M.) in 12 healthy subjects the two peptides were given subcutaneously in doses of 1 microgram/kg, 3 microgram/kg and 6 microgram/kg body weight. Additionally in 8 subjects 1 microgram/kg/h and 2 microgram/kg/h of the gastrins were given intravenously. Gastric content was aspirated under basal and stimulated conditions in portions of 15 minutes, volume (ml) and acid concentration (meq/l) of each fraction was measured and acid secretion (meq/90'), BAO and PAO were calculated. As compared with pentagastrin the dose response curve was shifted to the left, when heptagastrin was given subcutaneously. The amount of acid secretion over a time period of 90 min. was about 17% higher after heptagastrin than after pentagastrin. There was no difference between the peak acid outputs (PAO). Stimulation of acid secretion was prolonged after heptagastrin as compared to pentagastrin. Both gastrins acted similarly on all parameters measured when administered intravenously. Side effects as nausea and dizziness were observed in two subjects of each group.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Long-term suppression of H+ secretion through a combination of cimetidine and methanthelinbromide (author's transl)].

Inhibition of acid secretion was investigated in 5 patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and 12 patients with duodenal ulcer after administration of 200 mg cimetidine alone and combined with 50 mg methanthelinebromide. A preinvestigation of 5 patients had not shown any significant decrease of acid secretion after 50 mg methanthelinebromide alone. Compared with a single dose of 200 mg cimetidine, combined drugs' use (200 mg cimetidine and 50 mg methanthelinebromide) led to significant increase of inhibition of secretion both as regards degree and duration. In 6 patients with duodenal ulcer basal secretion of more than 2.0 mmol H+/h 200 mg cimetidine led to inhibition of secretion by 91.4% over 120 min compared to 96.4% over 225 min after combined administration. Similar results were obtained in 6 patients with a basal secretion of less than 2.0 mmol H+/h.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Anatomical distribution of a CCK-oktapeptide like substance in the human brain (author's transl)].

Using Gastrin 14-17 as immunogen it was possible to raise an antiserum, which showed a high sensitivity for the C-terminal octapeptide of CCK in a radioimmunoassay with 125J-gastrin as tracerhormon. High immuno-reactivity could be demonstrated in the grey and white matter of the human cortex as well as in the putamen and nucleus caudatus using this assay. By comparing the unknown brain substance with different peptides in different physico-chemical systems, the brain substance was shown to be homogenous and being similar to CCK-8.

Brain Chemistry↗
PubMed1977

[Treatment of peptic ulcer in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome with histamine H2-receptor antagonists (author's transl)].

Histamine H2-receptor antagonists metiamide and cimetidine were used in the treatment of severe peptic ulceration in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. The ulcerations were completely healed in all four patients after treatment lasting from six weeks to four-and-a-half-months. Two patients developed recurrent ulcer after the treatment had stopped, but responded to a second course. One patient developed hepatitis B during cimetidine treatment and it is possible that the course of the hepatitis was unfavourable affected by cimetidine. But no other side effects were noted nor was there a significant change in basal serum-gastrin concentration or an increase in H+ secretion. Total gastrectomy remains the treatment of choice in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, but cimetidine should be considered if the patient refuses operation or operation is not feasible because of a poor general state.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Dientamoeba fragilis: a review with notes on its epidemiology, pathogenicity, mode of transmission, and diagnosis.

Dientamoeba fragilis was found in 4.2% of approximately 43,000 individuals who submitted stools for parasitological examination during 1970 to 1974. The parasite was more frequently found in the younger age group (less than 20 years) than in older age groups, and more often in females than in males. Symptoms in 255 of patients in whom D. fragilis was the only parasite found and for whom detailed symptoms had been supplied, included: diarrhea, abdominal pains, anal pruritus, and loose stools. Analysis of mixed infections of D. fragilis with intestinal helminths suggests that such infections are random except for the combination of D. fragilis and Enterobius vermicularis. This combination occurred 9 times more often than theoretically expected. Daily periodicity and distribution of D. fragilis within stools of one patient were studied over a period of 6 months. More than twice as many organisms per ml of stool were present in the last than in the first portion evacuated. The total number of organisms excreted fluctuated markedly from day to day.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Gastrointestinal hormones. I. Hormones of the gastrin group].

Gastrin is a peptide hormone originating from G-cells of the antrum, the duodenum and the proximal jejunum. From extracts of gastrinomas and from sera of hypergastrinaemic subjects several gastrin molecules could be isolated which were nominated as "mini gastrin" (G13), "little gastrin" (G17), "big gastrin" (G34) and "big big gastrin". Antisera used for radioimmunological gastrin determinations should be characterized with respect to their specificity, as differeing affinity towards the various gastrins and towards CCK-PZ influences the results of the assay and thus the comparability with values of other laboratories. Gastrin is released by direct vagal stimulation of the antral G-cells and by local chemical and physical stimuli in the antrum and duodenum; probably an oxynto-pyloric reflex also exists. Gastrin stimulates in physiologic doses gastric acid secretion and, as shown in dogs and cats, reveals a trophic action on parietal cell growth. H+-secretion and gastrin release are connected by a feed back mechanism, insofar, as a decrease of intragastric pH below 3 inhibits endogenous gastrin release. Hypergastrinaemia has been demonstrated in patients with gastric anacidity or hypo-secretion, benigne pyloric stenosis, uraemia, short bowel-syndrome, gastric and duodenal ulceration and in patients with gastrinomas (Zollinger-Ellison-syndrome). Hypergastrinaemia in combination with hypersecretion exhibits clinical significance in patients suffering from Zollinger-Ellison-syndrome or excluded antrum syndrome which are due to autonomous gastrin release. The differential diagnosis between these syndromes and other diseases, in which hypergastrinaemia is not associated with gastric hypersecretion, can be achieved by several tests using calcium infusion or intravenous application of secretin and glucagon. The significance of elevated gastrin levels in patients with duodenal ulceration (DU) is pointed out. In DU-patients basal and postprandial hypergastrinaemia has been observed. In these patients gastrin release from gastric and extragastric sites is increased. In these patients hypergastrinaemia due to extragastric gastrin release could cause gastric hypersecretion at a time, when the stomach already has emptied. Furthermore parietal cell hyperplasia could be the result of chronic hypergastrinaemia.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1976

Cysticercosis.

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Adult↗