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Biomedical subjects

T Schill

Publications and source records attributed to T Schill.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Adult attachment, love styles, and self-defeating personality characteristics.

The present research showed for 79 men and 79 women that people with more characteristics of the proposed self-defeating personality diagnosis had less secure adult attachments. In addition, self-defeating women described their style of loving as game playing and being less romantically involved. Both men and women who were more self-defeating, once in a relationship, reported feeling dependent, jealous, and desperate to maintain it. These results are consistent with the 1993 findings of Williams and Schill that people with more self-defeating characteristics were more likely to lack secure attachments with parents.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Pleasure from activities and self-defeating personality.

As predicted, people who scored higher on a measure of Self-defeating Personality reported experiencing less pleasure and enjoyment from individual and social activities as well as from personal accomplishments. The results were consistent with the idea that these people maintain a self-image of "loser" by minimizing or discounting positives in their lives. Results were also consistent with prior research showing a positive relationship between self-defeating personality and depressive affect.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1993

Attachment histories for people with characteristics of self-defeating personality.

Correlations of undergraduates' responses (79 men, 79 women) to the Self-defeating Personality Scale and Gough and Heilbrun's Adjective Check List indicated people who had more characteristics of self-defeating personality were more likely to recall ambivalent and avoidant attachment histories regarding their mothers. There was a tendency for men to recall avoidant attachment histories for fathers as well. These results lend some support to Glickhauf-Hughes and Wells who in 1991 contended being reared in an unpredictable environment by parents who are ambivalent contributes to the development of self-defeating personality. The rs suggest these characteristics are related to cold and rejecting parenting as well.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The role of just world belief and anger issues in self-defeating personality.

Persons who scored higher on a measure of self-defeating personality did not believe in a just world as implied in the writings of such theorists as Reik (1941); however, they had a greater awareness of anger and feelings of mistrust and suspiciousness of others, held anger in, and were self-critical. These latter findings are consistent with conclusions regarding masochism proposed in 1991 by Glickauf-Hughes and Wells.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Self-defeating personality and strategies for coping with stress.

People who scored higher on a measure of self-defeating personality also scored low on ego-strength, showed an external locus of control, and used less adaptive coping strategies than those who scored lower. These strategies (denial, mental disengagement, alcohol and drug use) were viewed as helping to perpetuate their positions as victims.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Self-handicapping and obesity: is there a sympathetic audience out there?

After reading a case description of a 20-year-old woman, subjects attributed her personal shortcomings to her weight rather than to herself per se. In particular, people who scored higher on a measure of self-handicapping were even more likely to attribute shortcomings to a person's weight and excuse or overlook them. A person who attributes shortcomings to being overweight will very likely find a sympathetic audience. These results support the suggestion by Baumeister, Kahn, and Tice (1990) that obesity can be a self-handicapping strategy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Self-defeating personality, self-reinforcement, and depression.

51 men who were more self-defeating were observed to use lower frequency of self-reinforcement and to be more depressed. The results were seen as supporting Beck's early work which proposed a relationship between depression and self-defeating patterns. They also provide construct validity for the measure of Self-defeating Personality used in the study.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Correlations between self-handicapping and self-defeating personality.

In this study scores on Strube's self-handicapping scale were correlated with scores on Schill's self-defeating personality scale. Berglas believes there are subtypes of self-defeating personality and that his concept of self-handicapping should be correlated with the three criteria which represent a self-protective component of self-defeating personality. Some support for Berglas' proposition was found, particularly for men. However, correlations with other components of self-defeating personality suggest the criteria thought to be self-protective may need to be reconsidered.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Self-defeating personality and perceptions of family environment.

People scoring higher on a scale of self-defeating personality perceived their family environments as lacking cohesiveness. Men also perceived their family environments as discouraging open expression of feelings, being unconcerned about school and work achievement, and providing no ethical or religious values. Results were seen as lending validity to clinical theories of masochism which relate lack of family support and lack of reinforcement for assertive, efficacious behavior to the development of self-defeating behavior patterns.

Achievement↗
PubMed1990

Countertransference in the movies: effects on beliefs about psychiatric treatment.

This study examined the effect of viewing the movie Lovesick on college students' beliefs about countertransference and psychiatric practice. Consistent with the concerns of Gebbard and Gebbard (1985) that the public may develop erroneous beliefs about psychiatry from watching such movies, after seeing the film subjects were more accepting of sexual behavior between analyst and patient and were cynical about the motivation of the mental health professions in prohibiting such behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Development of covert and overt hostility scales from the Buss-Durkee Inventory.

The purpose of this study was to develop covert and overt hostility scales from the Buss-Durkee Inventory. First, 22 covert hostility and 29 overt hostility items were identified by the authors. Second, an item analysis was done to assess the content saturation of the individual items on these scales. This analysis yielded the final form for 7 items for covert hostility and 14 for overt hostility. Cronbach alphas for the covert and overt scales were .67 and .77, respectively, and their intercorrelation was .08. Correlations for these Buss-Durkee scales with several existing measures of anger expression were consistent with expectations.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Correlates of the MMPI-2 anger content scale.

Scores on the MMPI-2 anger-content scale were correlated with those on Spielberger's anger expression scale, Zelin, et al.'s anger self-report scale, and the Cook and Medley hostility scale. Subjects were 32 men and 33 women in college. As expected, the anger-content scale correlated significantly with measures of anger awareness, anger expression (anger out versus anger in), and negatively with anger control. There was also a significant correlation with measures of hostility (projection of anger) for men.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Relation between MacAndrew Scale scores and coping styles.

Correlations between MacAndrew Alcoholism Scale scores and styles of coping for 66 college women indicated higher MacAndrew scores felt more dysfunctional under stress, were more prone to use drugs and alcohol to cope, and had a greater tendency to seek out others, including professionals, for help with their problems. Results were seen as support for the utility of the MacAndrew Scale with college women although the scale was constructed on and for male alcoholics.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

Anger assessment and its relation to self-report of aggressive behavior.

The effectiveness of anger assessment in classifying self-report of aggressive behavior was examined using a sample of normal college students. Paper-and-pencil measures of anger (Novaco Anger Inventory and Spielberger's Trait Anger scale) were not effective in accurately classifying subjects high and low in self-report of aggressive behavior. Explanations of this finding were discussed.

Aggression↗