[Case of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) with homologous bone marrow transplantation].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
T Sawada
Publications and source records attributed to T Sawada.
A role for the polymorphism at position 247 of the beta2-glycoprotein I gene in the generation of anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies in the antiphospholipid syndrome.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequencies at which either a valine or leucine occurs at position 247 in the beta2-glycoprotein I (beta2GPI) gene of normal individuals of the Caucasian, African American, and Asian ethnic groups and to compare these data with those in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), with and without anti-beta2GPI antibodies. METHODS: The DNA segment containing the position-247 polymorphism was amplified by seminested polymerase chain reaction, and the polymorphism was detected by restriction endonuclease digestion. DNA samples from 370 healthy controls of different racial backgrounds were analyzed, and the results were compared with those from 149 APS patients (66 primary; 83 secondary). Allele and genotype frequencies were compared using Fisher's exact test. When significant differences were detected, pairwise comparisons were made using Fisher's exact test with a Bonferroni adjustment. RESULTS: Allele and genotype expression was significantly different (P < 0.0001 for both) among the 3 races, with the V allele and the VV genotype occurring most often among Caucasians, less among African Americans, and least among Asians. Conversely, the V allele and the VV genotype were found more frequently among Asian APS patients than among controls (P = 0.0028 and P = 0.0023, respectively). No significant differences in allele or genotype frequencies were seen in comparisons of the Caucasian or the African American patients with appropriate controls. The differences in allele and genotype frequencies seen in the Asian APS patients were restricted to the anti-beta2GPI-positive patients (P = 0.0018 and P = 0.0005, respectively). CONCLUSION: In Asian patients with APS, expression of a V at position 247, especially in the homozygous state, is significantly associated with the presence of anti-beta2GPI antibodies and, therefore, can be viewed as a major risk factor in this ethnic group (odds ratio 9.19 and 16.33, respectively).
Alleles↗
Tolerance of islet allografts induced by orthotopic liver transplantation.
BACKGROUND: The induction of immunological tolerance by orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is donor-specific. Moreover, after the acceptance of a liver, other organs are not rejected. The aim of this study is to clarify characteristics of the prolonged islet survival as a result of immunological tolerance which was induced following simultaneous OLT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: About 2000 islets were isolated from F344 rats. OLT was performed from F344 rats to diabetic LEW rats. Then the islets were transplanted into the transplanted F344 livers of diabetic LEW rats. Survival of the pancreatic islet allografts and deposits of IgM and IgG in the transplanted liver and islets were investigated. RESULTS: Survival time in the group with OLT (mean survival time: 46.4 +/- 38.2 days) was significantly longer than that without OLT (mean survival time: 8.1 +/- 0.8 days) (P < 0.01). Amount of serum antibody against donor lymphocytes was slightly higher in the group without OLT, and was very high in the group with OLT. Histologically, severe lymphocytic infiltration was observed in the Glisson's sheaths in the group with OLT. Islets were lodged, without lymphocytes inside, in small branches of the portal vein 7 days after transplantation. Immunohistologically, IgM and IgG deposits were found in the Glisson's sheaths and along sinusoids; however, they were not found in the islets. CONCLUSIONS: Induction of immunological tolerance and long-term survival of islets are possible by simultaneous OLT. The mechanism of this tolerance could be the host's selection of the liver as a target of preferred immunological attack.
Animals↗
Expression of apoptosis and its related protein in astrocytic tumors.
The relationship between malignant potential and apoptosis in astrocytic tumors has not been clearly defined, and further classification of astrocytic tumors is necessary. To elucidate the relationship between the histopathological grade of astrocytic tumors and apoptosis, we studied 25 cases of astrocytic tumors, comprising 10 cases of glioblastoma (GB), 7 cases of anaplastic astrocytoma (AA), and 8 cases of astrocytoma (AC). We detected apoptosis using the TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method. We studied immunohistochemical expression of bcl-2 protein and p53 protein, which are apoptosis-related factors, and cell proliferative activity using Ki-67 antibody. No significant change was noted between apoptotic index and the histological grade of the tumors. In GB, apoptotic cell-rich foci were present at the pseudopalisading necrosis. No correlation between histopathological grades and expression of either p53 or bcl-2 was observed. In GB, however, poor distribution of bcl-2 was found in the areas of pseudopalisade formation. bcl-2 is one of the regulatory factors in the cell cycle and inhibits apoptosis. Expression of apoptosis had no correlation with histopathological grade. However, in GB, the distribution of apoptotic cells showed a correlation with bcl-2-poor foci. It was thought that apoptosis was one of the regulatory factors in the formation of pseudopalisading necrosis in GB.
Adolescent↗
Expression of the multidrug-resistance P-glycoprotein (Pgp, MDR-1) by endothelial cells of the neovasculature in central nervous system tumors.
To elucidate the expression of the MDR1 gene products P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in endothelial cells of newly formed blood microvessels in brain tumors, 30 brain tumors were examined by immunohistochemistry using an anti-Pgp monoclonal antibody, JSB-1. Positive reactions for JSB-1 were detected in endothelial cells in newly formed microvessels in all 16 cases of glioma but not in the 4 meningiomas. Although endothelial cells in newly formed microvessels of all 10 metastatic carcinomas showed positive reactions, negative reactions were seen in those of the primary carcinomas. Compared with reactions of the endothelial cells of normal cerebral capillaries, weak reactions were found in the endothelial cells forming glomeruloid proliferation in newly formed microvessels in the eight glioblastomas and at the border of the surrounding cerebral tissue of the metastatic carcinomas. Since the endothelial cells showing glomeruloid proliferation also had a high proliferative cell nuclear antigen labeling index, the present findings demonstrate a negative relationship between positive reactions for Pgp and the proliferative activities of endothelial cells in cerebral capillaries.
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
Effects of S-8510, a benzodiazepine receptor partial inverse agonist, on event-related potentials (P300) in monkeys.
The present study investigated the effects of a novel benzodiazepine inverse agonist, S-8510 [2-(3-isoxazolyl)-3, 6, 7, 9-tetrahydroimidazo [4, 5-d] pyrano [4,3-b] pyridine monophosphate monohydrate], on the P300 components of the event-related potential (ERP) in monkeys. Late positive potentials (P300-like potentials) from the cortex (Pz) and hippocampus recorded using the auditory oddball paradigm in combination with electrical reinforcement can be measured in rhesus monkeys. The latency of this P300-like potential recorded from the monkey cortex was 330 ms, and the amplitude was 13 microV. It was prolonged in both the cortex (Pz) and hippocampus by SC injection of 10 microg/kg scopolamine, a muscarinic receptor antagonist. Oral administration of S-8510 (3, 10 mg/kg) had no effect on the latency in normal monkeys. However, S-8510 reversed the scopolamine-induced prolongation of P300-like potentials on the cortex (Pz) and hippocampus. These results show that S-8510 can attenuate the effects induced by scopolamine on P300-like potentials associated with cognitive function in monkeys, suggesting that S-8510 may be useful as a therapeutic drug in disease-associated cognitive dysfunctions of the central nervous system.
Animals↗
Changes in serotonergic neurons in the brain of pyrithiamine-induced acute thiamine-deficient mice.
We examined changes in 5-hydroxytriptamine (5-HT, serotonin) neurons in pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency in mice immunohistochemically. Extensive decreases in the densities of 5-HT-immunoreactive fibers were detected in the lateral septal nucleus, the thalamus, the medial mammillary nucleus, the dorsal and the median raphe nuclei, the raphe obscurus nucleus, the tegmental area, the cerebellum and the vestibular nucleus, though only a small decrease was detected in the inferior colliculus. Most remarkably, degenerative winding fibers were detected between the deep mesencephalic nucleus and the ventral tegmental area. Increases in intensity of 5-HT immunoreactivity in the dorsal raphe nucleus and decreases in the number of 5-HT-immunoreactive cell bodies in the dorsal and the median raphe nuclei were detected. These results demonstrated the differential vulnerability of 5-HT neurons in thiamine-deficient mice. This is the first report to demonstrate changes in 5-HT neurons immunohistochemically throughout the brain of pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficient mouse.
Animals↗
Gasless laparoscopically assisted colonic surgery.
BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic technique has been applied to a variety of colonic and rectal operations, generally using carbon dioxide insufflation (CDI). However, CDI is inevitably associated with cardiopulmonary loading and can cause complications. The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of gasless laparoscopic colonic surgery. METHODS: The abdominal wall was lifted up using an originally designed retractor. A small incision, 3 to 5 cm in length, was made at the start of the operation. The surgeon operated through this incision using both conventional and laparoscopic instruments. RESULTS: Operations were undertaken in 67 patients. In 6 patients (9%), conversion to open surgery was necessitated. In the remaining 61 patients, operations were completed with gasless laparoscopically assisted technique. Four reoperations (7%) were performed because of postoperative bleeding, anastomotic rotation, anastomotic stricture, and transmesenteric hernia. Fifty-three patients with colonic cancer were operated on with potentially curative intent. Of these, 1 (2%) developed hepatic recurrence during the mean follow-up period of 23.8 months. There was no port site recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Gasless laparoscopic colonic surgery is technically feasible. CDI is not necessary to perform minimal access surgery.
Carbon Dioxide↗
The effects of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor on preimplantation-embryo development and implantation in the rat.
This study examined the effects of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) on preimplantation-embryo development and initiation of implantation in the rat. In vitro studies showed that HB-EGF improved the development of 8-cell embryos to the blastocyst stage in a concentration-dependent manner, and the growth factor had no effect on the cell number of the blastocyst developed. Intraluminal injection of an anti-HB-EGF antiserum into the uterine horns at 0600 h on day 5 of pregnancy decreased the number of implantation sites (blue dye reaction) at 0200 h on day 6. Intraluminal injection of 20 microl of HB-EGF solution (10 or 100 ng/ml) into each uterine horn induced implantation in about half of the ovariectomized progesterone-treated delayed implanting rats, and the number of implantation sites per rat increased dose-dependently. These results suggest that HB-EGF is involved in the preimplantation-embryo development and initiation of implantation in the rat.
Animals↗
Culture of human parathyroid cells for transplantation.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Antigens, CD↗
A case report of kidney transplantation after abdominal surgery for neuroblastoma.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acute Kidney Injury↗
Existence of acyl-CoA hydrolase-mediated pathway supplying arachidonic acid for prostaglandin synthesis in microsomes from rabbit kidney medulla.
We have previously shown that acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) hydrolase that hydrolyzes arachidonoyl-CoA (AA-CoA) to arachidonic acid (AA) and CoA is present in the cytosol of rabbit kidney medulla and that this enzyme can supply AA for prostaglandin (PG) synthesis in this region. In the present study, the existence of the acyl-CoA hydrolase-mediated pathway that supplies AA available for PG synthesis in microsomes from the kidney medulla was examined. AA-CoA (20 microM) was preincubated with the 105,000 g pellet (microsomes, 0.5 mg of protein) from the medulla for 5 min at 37 degrees C followed by incubation with the medulla microsomes (0.5 mg of protein) (the source of PG synthesizing enzymes) in the presence of hydroquinone and reduced glutathione for 5 min at 37 degrees C. The PGs formed were measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography using 9-anthryldiazomethane for derivatization. The addition of the microsomal fraction from the medulla in the preincubation mixture increased total PG formation from 3.86 to 8.70 nmol, and this stimulatory effect was somewhat weaker than that of the cytosolic fraction. On the other hand, the microsomal fraction in the kidney cortex has an extremely lower capacity to supply AA for PG synthesis than do medulla microsomes. These results suggest that, in kidney medulla, the microsomes as well as the cytosol have the potential route that supplies AA from AA-CoA for PG synthesis and that this pathway is mediated by acyl-CoA hydrolase.
Acyl Coenzyme A↗
Oxytocin gene expression and action in goat testis.
Gene expression, immunohistochemical localization, binding and effects of oxytocin (OT) on androgen production in the testis of adult goats were studied. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis we were able to detect OT gene transcripts in the goat testis. Immunohistochemistry revealed that both OT and neurophysin epitopes were expressed together in the intratubular regions, especially in the Sertoli cells, suggesting the production of OT in these cells. However, enzyme immunoassay found no difference in OT concentration between testicular arterial and venous plasma. Saturable, specific [3H]-OT binding sites were present in membrane fractions of the goat testis. Scatchard analysis indicated an apparent affinity of 42 +/- 7 L/nmol and binding capacity of 24 +/- 4 fmol OT bound/mg DNA. In vitro treatment of goat testes for 6 h with 100 nM OT led to a 3.5-fold increase (P < 0.001) in 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) production in spite of the induced decrease in testosterone, suggesting that OT not only affects testosterone production but also modulates its conversion to DHT. These results indicate that the goat testis produces OT, which may be involved in the local control of androgen biosynthesis.
Animals↗
Increased LH pulse frequency and estrogen secretion associated with termination of anestrus followed by enhancement of uterine estrogen receptor gene expression in the beagle bitch.
The relationships among pulsatile LH secretion pattern, estrogen secretion, and expression of the uterine estrogen receptor gene were examined throughout the estrous cycle in beagle bitches. In Experiment 1, blood samples were collected from 30 bitches every 10 min for 8 h from a cephalic vein during different phases of the estrous cycle. An increase in the mean plasma levels of LH occurred from mid to late anestrus (P < 0.01). The LH pulse frequency increased (P < 0.01) from late anestrus to proestrus, and was strongly correlated (r = 0.96, P < 0.001) with the mean plasma level of estradiol-17 beta (E2). In Experiment 2, middle uterine samples, including the myometrium and endometrium, from 18 bitches were taken at 6 stages of the estrous cycle. The total number of estrogen receptors and nuclear estrogen receptor and its mRNA levels in the uterus also increased (P < 0.01) from late anestrus to proestrus. Mean plasma E2 level and the number of uterine estrogen receptor were positively correlated (r = 0.81, P < 0.05). In Experiment 3, nine bitches were ovariectomized in mid anestrus. Two weeks later they received a single injection of 10 or 50 micrograms/kg, i.m., estradiol benzoate. The number of uterine estrogen receptor and their mRNA levels for ovariectomized bitches were low, but increased (P < 0.05) after treatment with a low dose of estradiol benzoate. These results suggest that increases in LH pulse frequency and estrogen secretion are associated with termination of anestrus and that subsequent enhancement of uterine estrogen receptor expression may be up-regulated by estradiol.
Anestrus↗
Cholinergic-drug induced sicca syndrome in Parkinson's disease: a case report and a review of the literature.
A 67-year-old woman developed severe sicca manifestations after initial treatment of Parkinson's disease with an anti-cholinergic drug, which prompted us to look for the presence of Sjögren's syndrome. The results of sialography, labial salivary gland biopsy, Rose-Bengal test as well as the presence of antinuclear antibody were consistent with the diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome. The sicca symptoms diminished by cessation of the anti-cholinergic drug, and the parkinsonian features were controlled by levodopa. We suggest that Sjögren's syndrome should be considered, if patients with Parkinson's disease complain severe xerostomia.
Aged↗
Modified functional hemispherectomy in hemimegalencephaly.
We report a case of hemimegalencephaly in a 13-month-old girl successfully treated with modified functional hemispherectomy. Instead of total temporal lobectomy, medial temporal lobectomy with excision of the hippocampus and amygdala was carried out. The central region including the parasagittal tissue was preserved. A few days after the surgery seizures completely ceased. Administration of anticonvulsants was stopped 5 months after the surgery, and she has been seizure-free for 42 months.
Amygdala↗
Nucleotide sequences and characterization of genes encoding naphthalene upper pathway of pseudomonas aeruginosa PaK1 and Pseudomonas putida OUS82.
A 12,808-nucleotide containing DNA fragment cloned from naphthalene-utilizing (Nah+) Pseudomonas aeruginosa PaK1 was analyzed and compared with the genes (pah(OUS)) of a 14,462-nucleotide DNA fragment from Pseudomonas putida OUS82. The DNA sequence analyses demonstrated that the naphthalene upper-pathway genes and their deduced enzymes were very similar between the two bacteria: nucleotide similarities, 83-93%; amino acid similarities, 79-95%. These genes were also similar to those of the nah operon of plasmid NAH7; in particular, the OUS82 genes were similar to the nah genes, whereas the PaK1 genes were almost identical to the dox genes of Pseudomonas sp. C18. A region homologous with the 84-bp repeated sequence that Eaton (J. Bacteriol., 176, 7757-7762, 1994) has found at a site upstream of he nah operon was found only in a region downstream of the pah(PaK) gene cluster in PaK1 and on both sides of the pah(OUS) gene cluster in OUS82. A PaK1 gene, corresponding to an unknown gene (nahQ) in the nah operon, is located between the 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene dioxygenase gene and the trans-o-hydroxybenzylindenepyruvate (tHBP A) hydratase-aldolase gene (nahE), and was suggested to be involved in the conversion of naphthalene to salicylate. Just downstream of the pah(PaK) gene cluster, a portion of a region was identical to one-third of the transposase gene (tnpA) in a phenol-catabolic plasmid pEST1226.
Journal Article↗
Lignin-degrading enzyme production by Bjerkandera adusta immobilized on polyurethane foam.
Production of the lignin-degrading enzymes lignin peroxidase (Lip), manganese peroxidase (MnP), and laccase (Lac) by the white-rot fungus Bjerkandera adusta was investigated experimentally using polyurethane foam (PUF) as a carrier of immobilized fungal mycelia. An immobilized cell culture with a low-nitrogen medium yielded significantly greater LiP, MnP, and Lac activities in comparison with those obtained in a liquid culture. The maximum activities of the three enzymes were 450, 370, and 100 U/ml, respectively, under the following incubation condition: glucose concentration, 20 g/l; temperature, 30 degrees C; pH 4.5. The activities of MnP and Lac were significantly higher than those reported using other incubation methods. Lignin was degraded to the extent of 40% and its decolorization ratio was about 70% at an incubation time of 40 h using lignin-degrading enzymes from B. adusta. Six different isozymes of MnP were synthesized by B. adusta, two of which exhibited high MnP activity. Our preliminary finding that extracellular enzymes from B. adusta are capable of degrading and decoloring lignin makes these enzymes attractive for further research aimed at their large-scale application in lignin depolymerization, pulp biobleaching, and the degradation of toxic pollutants.
Journal Article↗