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Biomedical subjects

T Sawa

Publications and source records attributed to T Sawa.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[A case of fulminant psittacosis showing Chlamydia in TBLB specimens].

A 55-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of high fever, nonproductive cough and dyspnea. Initially she had been treated with cephem antibiotics by a local doctor. However, acute respiratory failure due to severe pneumonia developed. The partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood was 55.5 Torr. Her chest X-ray revealed wide-spread infiltrates with air bronchograms throughout the entire left lung, and pleural effusions were also present in the chest CT scan. Because the patient had a history of the contact with birds, we suspected psittacosis and administered Minocycline immediately. As a result, her clinical condition improved and the abnormal shadow on the chest X-ray film improved markedly in three days. Because the serum titer of a complement fixation test against Chlamydia rose to 1:512, we made the diagnosis of psittacosis. In addition, femoral muscle pain, and a high level of serum GOT, GPT, CK, Aldolase and Myoglobin indicated hepatitis and myositis. In the lung tissue specimens obtained by TBLB performed on the 10th hospital day, slight interstitial pneumonia and intracellular inclusion bodies were found by light microscopy and Chlamydial agents were found electron microscopically.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1990

Changes in brain monoamines and their metabolites during and after hemorrhagic shock in the rat.

The alteration of monoamines and their metabolites in the brain during and after hemorrhagic shock in the conscious state was measured in rats. Blood pressure was maintained at 40-70 mmHg (5.3-9.3 kPa) for 60 min by withdrawing 8 ml of blood intermittently. The content of monoamines, as well as their metabolites, increased in various brain regions during hemorrhage, compared with the content in the control rats. Sixty min after the end of the bleeding period, almost no significant change in the contents of brain monoamines nor of their metabolites was observed. These results may indicate not only an increased release of monoamines from nerve terminals, but also an increased synthesis of them during hemorrhagic shock. Soon after the bleeding was stopped, the increased monoamine turnover rate returned to almost normal levels.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1990

Hemorrhage-induced regional brain thyrotropin-releasing hormone release in conscious rats measured by microdialysis.

The septum, nucleus accumbens and preoptic area in the brains of conscious, freely moving rats were perfused using microdialysis probes. The TRH concentration significantly increased in the septum after withdrawal of 30% of the total blood volume but remained at constant levels in the other brain areas. Also, high potassium dose-dependently stimulated TRH release in vivo. These results suggest that blood loss stimulates septal TRH release, probably by membrane depolarization of TRH-containing nerve terminals.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Molecular cloning and DNA sequence analysis of preproinsulin genes in the NON mouse, an animal model of human non-obese, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Two insulin genes of the NON mouse, an animal model of human non-obese, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, were isolated and characterized to examine the hypothesis that these genes are structurally different from those of normal mice. The NON mouse was found to have two non-allelic insulin genes, as does the normal mouse, and no structural differences were found between the normal and NON mouse in the nucleotide sequence of the insulin gene, including that of the 5'-transcriptional regulatory region, and in the deduced amino acid sequence. There was, however, an additional 113 bp sequence and seven point mutations in a further 5'-flanking region, and three point mutations in the 3'-flanking region of the insulin II gene. We conclude that reduced expression of insulin genes in the NON mouse is not due to the structural change in the known transcriptional regulatory region, although the effect on insulin II gene expression of an additional sequence upstream of the 5'-flanking region, as the negative regulatory factor, remains to be elucidated.

Alleles↗
PubMed1990

Screening of antibiotics preferentially active against ras oncogene-expressed cells.

During the course of in vitro screening of agents which are preferentially active against ras oncogene-expressed cells, a new anthracycline (identified as 2-demethylsteffimycin D) and a heptaene (possibly a new member of partricins) were isolated from microbial fermentation broths. Among known compounds tested, 5-fluorouracil, 5-fluorodeoxyuridine and oxanosine showed high selectivity towards ras oncogene-expressed cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol kinase by toyocamycin.

We have screened toyocamycin as an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol kinase. It inhibited the enzyme of A431 cell membrane with an IC50 of 3.3 micrograms/ml. Adenosine and formycin A also inhibited the enzyme, but other 6 related nucleosides did not. Although orobol and 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde that inhibit phosphatidylinositol kinase inhibited in situ phosphatidylinositol turnover, toyocamycin did not.

1-Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase↗
PubMed1990

[Neoadjuvant chemotherapy of far advanced gastric cancer--effect of preoperative chemotherapy by PMUE (CDDP, MMC, UFT, etoposide].

Preoperative chemotherapy with CDDP, MMC, UFT and etoposide (PMUE) was performed on cases of far advanced gastric cancer whose curative resection was impossible. The therapy comprised 1-5 courses of either intravenous or arterial infusion, or intraperitoneal administration of CDDP 75 mg/m2, MMC 10 mg/body and Etoposide 50 X 3 mg/body at 3-week intervals in combined use of UFT 400 mg/body. The effect of the preoperative PMUE therapy was CR, PR, NC and PD in 0, 7, 1 and 0 cases, respectively, the rate of effectiveness being 88% (7/8). 5 of 7 cases with PR were operated on, 2 cases succeeded in curative resection, but 3 cases did not. Histological judgment of effects confirmed Grade II-a, II-b and III in 2, 2 and 1 cases, respectively; these 5 cases further received 1-4 courses of PMUE therapy as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and are still alive at P.S. 0-2, suggesting the great efficacy of this PMUE therapy as a neoadjuvant chemotherapy for improvement in prognosis in far advanced gastric cancer. Abnormally high values of the tumor marker were noted in 5 of 8 cases, 4 of which had tumor marker values lowered in exponential function by the preoperative chemotherapy, which constituted an effective index in determining chemotherapeutic effects and the determination of the operative timing.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Multivariate analysis of gastric cancer patients with liver metastases].

In 93 cases of stomach cancer with liver metastasis, the influence of surgery and chemotherapy on the patients' prognosis was examined. Chemotherapy comprised systemic administration of mitomycin C (MMC) (39 cases), intra-hepatoarterial administration of MMC (19 cases) and intra-hepatoarterial infusion of cisplatin (CDDP) + MMC (PM intra-arterial chemotherapy) (24 cases) in the first 1-2 postoperative weeks. MMC and CDDP were given by 1-4 courses every 1-3 weeks. Examination of the prognosis factors by generalized Wilcoxon test revealed significant differences in the extent of lymph node metastasis (N0-2 vs N3,4), possible resection of primary lesion, and chemotherapeutic regimen (PM intra-arterial chemotherapy and other chemotherapeutic regimens). The response rate was 4.3% (1/23), 29.4% (5/17) and 73.8% (17/23) for MMC systemic administration, MMC intra-arterial chemotherapy and PM intra-arterial chemotherapy, respectively, with a significantly high response rate for the latter. Also for the 50% survival period, the latter showed 11.8 months compared with 2.7 months for other chemotherapeutic treatments, indicating its good prognosis regardless of possible resection of the primary lesion. Cox proportional hazard model revealed the latter alone to be a significant independent factor. The above results suggest that the PM intra-arterial chemotherapy is an effective approach to stomach cancer with liver metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of PMUE therapy (CDDP, MMC, UFT, etoposide) in terminal gastric cancer].

CDDP, MMC, UFT and Etoposide (PMUE)-combined therapy was applied to 60 cases of terminal gastric cancer to examine its effectiveness. PMUE therapy consists of i.v. injection of CDDP 75 mg/body and MMC 10 mg/body on day 1, i.v. injection of Etoposide 50 mg/body on days 3, 4 and 5 and consecutive daily administration of UFT 400 mg/body, with 3 weeks as one course. Of 42 cases having estimable lesions, 23 (53.8%) showed high rate of effectiveness (PR). Especially, of 23 cases receiving no previous treatment, 15 (65.2%) benefitted by the therapy (PR) and 9 (69.2%) of 13 non-resected cases, to a wonderful extent. Five non-resected cases showed such a reduction in tumor size as made gastrectomy possible. As for the prognosis, one year-survival rate was 34.3, 49.0 and 16.0% for all 42 cases, 23 effective cases and 19 ineffective cases, respectively, with significant (p less than 0.001) prognostic prolongation for effective cases compared with ineffective ones. Side effects were digestive symptoms (85.7%), epilation (81.0%) and myelopathy (73.8%), which were all transitory and recovered. The present PMUE therapy was regarded as one of the best combined chemotherapies for terminal gastric cancer.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[Role of systemic and pulmonary hemodynamics in genesis pleural effusion in congestive heart failure].

We tried to make an estimate of how pleural effusion occur in congestive heart failure, using right atrial pressure (RA) and pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAW) as variables. We calculated the following equation by quoting the data in the past. RA greater than -0.02 x PAW + 13.3. We speculated that when this relationship is satisfied, pleural effusion will appear. We also studied the patients with severe congestive heart failure, dividing them into 2 groups, ie the pleural effusion group (EF) and pulmonary edema group (ED). Compared with ED, EF has a significantly higher RA (RA = 6.1 +/- 1.33 mmHg in EF and 13.3 +/- 2.21 mmHg in ED, mean +/- SE, p less than 0.02) and a significantly lower cardiac index (3.17 +/- 0.26 l/min/m2 vs 2.23 +/- 0.16 l/min/m2, mean +/- SE, p less than 0.01). Therefore, we thought that it was adequate to treat RA and PAW as independent variables. These equations appear to be useful in predicting the development of pleural effusion that's based in the plots of our patients on RA-PAW plane and their relationship to our equations.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Modification of cellular membrane functions by pendolmycin.

Pendolmycin is a new indole alkaloid isolated from Nocardiopsis as an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol turnover. Structurally, pendolmycin is similar to teleocidin B and lyngbyatoxin A. Pendolmycin, teleocidin B and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate all inhibited phosphatidylinositol turnover in A431 cells. Pendolmycin inhibited binding of epidermal growth factor, activated arachidonic acid release and hexose transport, and inhibited binding of phorbol-12,13-dibutylate in C3H10T1/2 cells. Thus, pendolmycin was as potent as teleocidin B and phorbol ester tumor promoters in modification of cell membrane functions, while having the simplest structure among them.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1989

Structure-activity relationship studies on 4''-O-acyltylosin derivatives: significance of their 23-O-mycinosyl and 4''-O-acyl moieties in antimicrobial activity against macrolide-resistant microbes.

Essential roles for both the 23-O-mycinosyl and 4''-O-acyl moieties of 4''-O-acyltylosin derivatives in the expression of antimicrobial activity against multiple macrolide-resistant strains of Staphylococci and mycoplasmas were demonstrated by in vitro comparison of the MICs of erythromycin, josamycin, tylosin and its 3- and 4''-O-acyl derivatives, demycinosyltylosin (DMT) and its 3- and 4''-O-acyl derivatives and 23-modified 3-O-acetyl-4''-O-isovaleryl-DMT derivatives.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗