Reactive sclerosis of the pedicle associated with contralateral spondylolysis.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
T Satoh
Publications and source records attributed to T Satoh.
Autoradiographic analysis of radiolabeled anti-carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody CEA102 in colorectal cancer using computed radiography.
Anti-carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody (MAb) CEA102 was produced by immunization with purified CEA and the specific accumulation of radiolabeled CEA102 in colorectal cancers was investigated by autoradiography of surgical specimens using Fuji Computed Radiography (FCR). Five patients with colorectal cancer were injected intravenously with 131I-labeled intact CEA102 or its F(ab')2. Primary tumor and liver metastases were successfully detected by external scanning with a gamma camera in 4 cases. Autoradiographic study of the surgical specimens using FCR showed predominant localization of 131I-labeled CEA102 in primary tumors and liver metastases in all cases. Even a small liver metastasis (0.5 cm) was clearly visualized in the autoradiogram by FCR. The pixel distribution curves of the density of the respective tissues in the autoradiograms by FCR showed the heterogeneity of the distribution of administered radiolabeled MAb in individual tumors, but the density of the tumors was higher than that of the normal tissues. In the quantitative distribution analysis of CEA102, the uptake of the primary tumor (mean 1.10%ID/kg) was ten-fold greater than that of the normal colon mucosa (mean 0.10%ID/kg). These results revealed that the application of MAb has great potential in radioimmunodetection as well as in antibody-directed therapy.
Adult↗
Retrograde supernormal conduction, gap phenomenon in concealed accessory atrioventricular pathways.
We present four patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome who exhibited retrograde supernormal conduction or gap phenomenon in concealed accessory pathways. In the first patient, ventricular extrastimulus testing revealed retrograde block at the coupling interval of 520 msec and reappearance of conduction at the coupling interval of 370 msec. In a second patient, 1:1 retrograde conduction was not present but supernormal conduction was demonstrated at coupling intervals of 360 msec to 310 msec during the ventricular extrastimulus testing when the basic drive consisted of atrioventricular (AV) simultaneous pacing. In a third patient, ventricular extrastimulus testing demonstrated retrograde conduction through the accessory pathway only at coupling intervals of 400 msec to 360 msec. In a fourth patient, retrograde block occurred at the coupling interval of 340 msec and retrograde "slow" conduction reappeared at coupling intervals of 300 msec to 250 msec (gap phenomenon) only when the basic drive consisted of AV simultaneous pacing. Thus, concealed accessory pathways may exhibit retrograde supernormal conduction or gap phenomenon. Ventricular extrastimulus testing consisting of AV simultaneous pacing during the basic drive may facilitate demonstration of these unusual properties.
Adult↗
[Study on local immune response in Escherichia coli-induced experimental urinary tract infection in mice--infiltration of Ia-positive cells, macrophages, neutrophils, T cells and B cells].
We studied the local immune response in a mouse experiment with acute ascending cystitis and pyelonephritis. The experimental infections were induced in BALB/c female mice by transurethral instillation of Escherichia coli O6. Immune response cells were stained, including Ia-positive cells, macrophages, neutrophils, T cells (CD4+ and CD8+) and B cells (IgA, IgM, IgG-positive B cell). They were stained by the immunohistochemical method (ABC method) using monoclonal antibodies against lineage specific antigens except for neutrophils that were readily identified by the standard hematoxylin-eosin. Even in the control mice having no evidence of the infection, mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) consisted of macrophages, Ia-positive cells and T cells that were sparingly found in the urinary tract tissue and renal parenchyma. Ia-positive cells, macrophages, neutrophils, T cells (CD4+, CD8+) and IgA positive B cells were significantly infiltrated in the bladder submucosa from 6 hours after bacterial inoculation. The infiltration of similar immune response cells was found in the submucosa of the renal pelvis, except for IgA positive B cells that appeared one day after the induction of the infection. In renal parenchyma, Ia-positive cells appeared at 6 hours after introduction of the infection, followed by an infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages and T cells (CD4+, CD8+) at the first day, and IgA positive B cells at the third day. These results are summarized as follows. When microbes invaded the urinary tract tissue, a significant number of Ia-positive cells infiltrated, which were initially present in normal urinary tract tissue. Subsequently, neutrophils, macrophages and T cells (CD4+, CD8+) appeared in the lesion followed by a delayed occurrence of IgA positive B cells.
Animals↗
Structural identification of an epitope of antigenic factor 5 in mannans of Candida albicans NIH B-792 (serotype B) and J-1012 (serotype A) as beta-1,2-linked oligomannosyl residues.
In previous articles, we reported the presence of phosphate-bound beta-1,2-linked oligomannosyl residues in the mannans of strains of Candida albicans serotypes A and B and Candida stellatoidea. To identify the antigenic factor corresponding to this type of oligomannosyl residue, a relationship between chemical structure and antigenic specificity in the mannans of C. albicans NIH B-792 (serotype B, B-strain) and C. albicans J-1012 (serotype A, J-strain) was investigated by using a combination of two-dimensional 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of H-1, H-2, and H-5 regions in the mannans and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that employed concanavalin A-coated microtiter plates. It was shown in the present 1H nuclear magnetic resonance study that an examination of chemical shifts not only in the H-1 region but also in the H-5 region was useful for the quantitative determination of the phosphate-bound beta-1,2-linked oligomannosyl residues. In the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using concanavalin A-coated plates, it was revealed that, of factor sera 1, 4, and 5, only factor serum 5 showed a reactivity proportional to the densities of the beta-1,2-linked oligomannosyl residues of the mannan subfractions of different phosphate contents that had been prepared from the bulk B-strain mannan by DEAE-Sephadex chromatography. The above results indicate that the phosphate-bound beta-1,2-linked oligomannosyl residues, Manp beta 1----(2Manp beta 1----)n2Man (n = 0-5), correspond to antigenic factor 5.
Antigens, Fungal↗
Biological monitoring of workers exposed to acetone in acetate fibre plants.
Concentrations of acetone in urine, alveolar air, and blood were measured by gas chromatography with flame ionisation detection for 110 subjects occupationally exposed to acetone (mean 372 ppm) in three factories. Significant relations were found between the time weighted average environmental concentration and the concentration in the biological samples. The strongest correlation was between the concentration of acetone in urine and the degree of exposure (r = 0.71, 95% CI 0.64-0.77). This suggests that urinary acetone concentration is the best biological index of occupational exposure to acetone.
Acetone↗
Renal adrenergic receptors: localization of [125I]prazosin binding sites along the microdissected rat nephron.
Norepinephrine stimulates renal tubular sodium reabsorption, probably through an alpha 1-adrenoceptor-mediated mechanism. Although the distribution of alpha 1-adrenoceptors in the kidney has been studied with autoradiography, the precise location of these receptors in isolated nephron segments is unclear. Using a microassay we determined the specific binding of [125I]iodoarylazidoprazosin ([125I]prazosin), a high specific radioactivity analog of the selective alpha 1-antagonist prazosin, to microdissected glomeruli and tubule segments. Specific binding of [125I]prazosin (3 nM) in the proximal convoluted tubule was time- and concentration-dependent, saturable, and reversible. In this segment the apparent KD by association and dissociation rate constants of [125I]prazosin binding was 0.47 nM, and the maximum receptor density was approximately 0.19 fmol/mm, or 720 fmol/mg protein. Binding specificity was verified in competition studies with excess (3 microM) unlabeled prazosin and probes for alpha 2- (yohimbine), beta- (propranolol), dopamine1- (SCH23390), and dopamine2- (S-sulpiride) receptors. [125I]Prazosin binding was inhibited significantly only by unlabeled prazosin. Mapping of prazosin binding along the nephron revealed that the highest density was in the proximal convoluted tubule, followed by the proximal straight tubule. Lesser binding was found in the thick ascending limb and in the distal convoluted tubule, whereas in the cortical and outer medullary collecting duct and in glomeruli, binding was not significantly different from zero.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
Influences of hypothyroidism on TRH concentrations and preproTRH mRNA levels in rat hypothalamus: a simple and reliable method to detect preproTRH mRNA level.
To gain further insight into the regulation of hypothalamic TRH by thyroid hormones, we measured TRH concentration in specific hypothalamic nuclei and preproTRH mRNA levels in the anterior hypothalamus. Adult male rats were decapitated 1, 7, 14 days after thyroidectomy. Micropunches by the method of Palkovitz from seven hypothalamic nuclei and median eminence were used for measurement of TRH by radioimmunoassay. As compared with normal levels, TRH concentration significantly decreased in the median eminence and five hypothalamic nuclei including paraventricular nucleus (PVN), posterior nucleus, anterior nucleus, arcuate nucleus, and ventromedial nucleus pars lateralis, by 7 days after thyroidectomy. No significant changes were observed in dorsomedial nucleus or ventromedial nucleus pars medialis until 14 days after thyroidectomy. A rapid and simple method to detect specific mRNA for preproTRH was developed using the polymerase chain reaction and a single anterior hypothalamic section. PreproTRH mRNA levels in the anterior hypothalamus increased approximately twice 7 days after thyroidectomy. These data indicate that thyroidectomy caused a marked increase in preproTRH mRNA levels of the anterior hypothalamus, while it significantly reduced TRH concentrations not only in PVN and median eminence but also in other specific hypothalamic nuclei, suggesting that these nuclei might be involved in the thyrotropin regulation in the hypothalamus.
Animals↗
Intracellular signaling in the regulation of renal Na-K-ATPase. I. Role of cyclic AMP and phospholipase A2.
We have reported that dopamine (DA) inhibits Na-K-ATPase activity in the cortical collecting duct (CCD) by stimulating the DA1 receptor, and the present study was designed to evaluate the mechanism of this effect. Short-term exposure (15-30 min) of microdissected rat CCD to DA, a DA1 agonist (fenoldopam), vasopressin (AVP), forskolin, or dibutyryl cAMP (dBcAMP), which increase cAMP content by different mechanisms, strongly (approximately 60%) inhibited Na-K-ATPase activity. 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine, an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase, completely blocked Na-K-ATPase inhibition by DA or fenoldopam, and IP20, an inhibitor peptide of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA), abolished the Na:K pump effect of all the cAMP agonists listed above. To verify whether the mechanism of pump inhibition by agents that increase cell cAMP involves phospholipase A2 (PLA2), we used mepacrine, a PLA2 inhibitor, which also abolished Na-K-ATPase inhibition by DA or fenoldopam, as well as by AVP, forskolin, or dBcAMP. Arachidonic acid (10(-7) - 10(-4) M) inhibited Na-K-ATPase activity in dose-dependent fashion. Corticosterone, which induces lipomodulin, a PLA2 inhibitor protein inactivated by PKA, equally abolished the pump effects of DA, fenoldopam, forskolin, and dBcAMP, suggesting that lipomodulin might act between PKA and PLA2 in cAMP-dependent pump regulation. We conclude that dopamine inhibits Na-K-ATPase activity in the CCD through a DA1 receptor-mediated cAMP-PKA pathway that involves the stimulation of PLA2 and arachidonic acid release, possibly mediated by inactivation of lipomodulin. This pathway is shared by other agonists that increase cell cAMP and thus stimulate PKA activity.
2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-ben↗
Aortitis syndrome with fatal acute aortic regurgitation due to aortic dilatation and aortic valve perforation--a case report.
This is a case report of a fifteen-year-old female with aortitis syndrome complicated by acute fatal aortic regurgitation due to the aortic valve perforation, as well as to aortic dilatation, which was confirmed by the autopsy. Aortic valve perforation was first recognized as the important cause of acute aortic regurgitation in the aortitis syndrome in this report.
Acute Disease↗
Different posttranslational processing of human preprothyrotropin-releasing hormone in the human placenta and hypothalamus.
We scrutinized the possible existence of human prepro-THR messenger RNA (mRNA) and of its posttranslational processing products in the human placenta. Human placental mRNA of preproTRH was found to have a single species identical to that predicted from the hypothalamic mRNA, and could be reverse transcribed to complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding preproTRH in a size similar to the hypothalamic counterpart by means of reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Five different intervening peptides, designated human TRH-associated peptide (hTAP) [hTAP-1, preproTRH(90-111); hTAP-2, preproTRH(120-132); hTAP-3, preproTRH(141-149); hTAP-4, preproTRH(158-183); hTAP-5, preproTRH(192-224)], and a TRH precursor comprising the TRH progenitor sequence (octa-TRH) were synthesized, and six different antisera raised against individual peptides were used to develop specific RIA systems. Significant concentrations of hTAP-5 and octa-TRH-like immunoreactivities were quantitated in acid extracts of human placentae. In human hypothalamic extracts, immunoreactivities of hTAP-3, hTAP-4, hTAP-5, and octa-TRH, were apparently detected. Chromotographic analysis showed a single peak corresponding to each authentic peptide in RIA systems of hTAPs detected. In placentae, a single peak of octa-TRH-like substance was observed, and two octa-TRH-like substances with different molecular weights detected in hypothalami. The present data indicate that unique posttranslational processing steps of human preproTRH differ in human placentae and hypothalami, and that the human tissues involve profound amounts of several preproTRH-related peptides which do not comprise the TRH progenitor sequence.
Aged↗
Evidence of direct conversion of testosterone sulfate to estradiol 17-sulfate by human placental microsomes.
Ring A aromatization of testosterone sulfate (TS), using human term placental microsomes as a enzyme source, was examined under a reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-generating system. The aromatization to estradiol 17-sulfate (ES) without removal of the C-17 conjugate group was confirmed. Judging from the results of various experiments, including an inhibition experiment, the conversion was considered to occur by placental aromatase. Apparent Km and Vmax values for this aromatization were determined to be 37.4 microM and 330 pmol/mg protein/min respectively. The physiological role of direct conversion of TS by placenta to ES is discussed in connection with pregnancy.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
Inhibitory effects of some natural products on the activation of hyaluronidase and their anti-allergic actions.
The anti-allergic drugs disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) and tranilast are strong inhibitors of hyaluronidase. In the development of new anti-allergic drugs, we studied the inhibitory effects of some natural products on the activation of hyaluronidase. Among the compounds tested, liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin and baicalein showed dose-related inhibitory effects. Anti-allergic activities of these compounds were evident from the facts that they inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal exudate cells induced by antigen, compound 48/80 and calcium ionophore A-23187, and from their inhibitory effect on Shultz-Dale reaction using sensitized guinea pig ileum.
Animals↗
Improvement in long-term prognosis by coronary bypass surgery in patients with 3-vessel coronary disease--a matched case control study.
We compared survival patterns in 61 medically treated and 78 surgically treated patients at a Japanese community hospital. The 2 groups were matched for presence of significant 3 vessel disease, resting ejection fraction of more than 40%, a bypassable left anterior descending artery, sex, and age. All surgical patients received saphenous vein grafts. The patients treated surgically had better 5 and 9 years survival rates than the medically treated patients (93% and 85% vs 74% and 55%, respectively; p < 0.01 by Cox-Mantel analysis). Five and 9 years rates of absence of ischemic events (non-fatal myocardial infarction and primary cardiac death) were also better in the surgical group than the medical group (92% and 87% vs 66% and 52%, respectively; p < 0.001). Of the surgically treated patients, 5 died perioperatively, 3 had late cardiac deaths and 2 had a nonfatal infarction. Among the medically treated patients, 16 had cardiac deaths, and 6 had non-fatal infarctions. Although our study was non-randomized, we have shown an advantage for surgical treatment of patients with 3-vessel coronary disease.
Aged↗
Consecutive treatment of disulfiram inhibits ovarian carbonyl reductase activity in rats.
We investigated the effects of disulfiram (DS) on ovarian carbonyl reductase activity in rats to determine the influence of DS on female reproductive function. Three consecutive treatments with DS significantly inhibited ovarian carbonyl reductase activity as well as ovulation, dose-dependently. Single treatment with DS had no effect on ovarian carbonyl reductase activity. Our observations indicate that consecutive treatment with DS has an inhibitory action on female reproductive function, although DS is well-known to inhibit aldehyde dehydrogenase and dopamine beta-hydroxylase.
Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
Pharmacological studies on lappaconitine: possible interaction with endogenous noradrenergic and serotonergic pathways to induce antinociception.
Systemic and intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections of lappaconitine (LA) produced a dose-dependent inhibition of the response to thermal stimulation in sham-operated mice as assayed by the tail-immersion test. After spinal transection, the antinociceptive potencies of s.c.- or i.c.v.-administered LA were markedly reduced. Antinociception induced by systemically administered LA was clearly reduced by pretreatment with 6-hydroxydopamine or 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine through the i.c.v. and intrathecal (i.t.) routes. When LA was administered by i.c.v.-injection, the LA-induced antinociception was reduced by pretreatment with timolol, a beta-adrenergic antagonist, and ketanserin, a 5-HT2 antagonist. Administration of LA by the i.t. route resulted in a significant antinociceptive activity, which was also reduced by pretreatment with phenoxybenzamine, an alpha-adrenergic antagonist, and mianserin, a 5-HT1 antagonist. The results of these studies suggest that the central noradrenergic and serotonergic systems may be involved in the antinociception of systemically administered LA, and these pathways are mediated by beta-adrenoceptors and 5-HT2 receptors in the brain and alpha-adrenoceptors and 5-HT1 receptors in the spinal cord.
5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine↗
Calcium channel blocker-like action of reserpine in smooth muscle.
The effect of reserpine on vascular and intestinal smooth muscles was examined. In these muscles, reserpine inhibited the high K(+)-induced contraction, and this inhibitory effect was antagonized by the increase in external Ca2+ concentration and also by a Ca2+ channel activator, Bay k8644. In rabbit aorta, increases in cytosolic Ca2+ level and muscle tension due to high K+ were inhibited in parallel by reserpine. These results suggest that reserpine inhibits L-type Ca2+ channels to inhibit smooth muscle contraction.
3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethy↗
Relationship between halftime for sulfobromophthalein clearance and post-surgical prognosis in cows with abomasal displacement.
In 47 dairy cows with abomasal displacement, 34 (72%) cows were confirmed to have the lipid infiltration in liver by biopsy examinations. The pathological degree of the lipid infiltration was significantly higher in the cows with left abomasal displacement than in those with right one. The halftime for sulfobromophthalein clearance (BSP-T1/2) was markedly increased in nonrecovered cows with left abomasal displacement. In left abomasal displacement cases, cows with the T1/2 less than 11 min recovered regardless of the degree of liver lipid infiltration, but those with the T1/2 longer than 11 min showed a significantly lower recovery rate (44%). Therefore, it was concluded that the BSP-T1/2 was one of valuable parameters for predicting the prognosis of this disease.
Abomasum↗