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Biomedical subjects

T Sano

Publications and source records attributed to T Sano.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Late postoperative pulmonary vascular resistance in patients with tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary atresia].

Twenty-two patients with tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary atresia underwent cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography late after repair. In ten patients, the disease was not associated with the major aortopulmonary collateral artery (MAPCA), but in 12 patients, the disease was associated with it. Three patients died after restudy, two because of pulmonary hypertension and one because of pneumonia. Pulmonary artery mean pressure was 15-92 (28 +/- 21) mmHg, being higher in 75% of the patients with MAPCA than the normal range. The number of pulmonary artery subsegments connected to the central pulmonary arteries was determined from pulmonary arteriography, being 22-42 (38 +/- 6). Pulmonary artery mean pressure and pulmonary vasculature resistance (PVR), 0.8-35.2 (10 +/- 9), inversely correlated with the number of the centrally connected pulmonary artery subsegments (r = -0.81, p less than 0.001 vs PAP, r = -0.85, p less than 0.001 vs PVR). PVR per subsegment also inversely correlated with them (r = -0.81, p less than 0.001). These findings suggest that pulmonary vasculature resistance is abnormally high in this disease, and increase as the number of the centrally connected pulmonary artery subsegments decrease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Analysis of the intraoperative shunt flow and its effect on late prognosis after Blalock-Taussig shunt in single ventricle].

Single ventricle (SV) seems to likely to develop congestive heart failure after Blalock-Taussig shunt (BT), particularly when the regurgitation of atrioventricular valve (AVVR) is combined. Analysis of the relation between operative result and intraoperative BT shunt flow is made in order to draw a safety limit or shunt flow in SV. Twenty-six patients (pts) with SV who underwent BT had shunt flow measurement at surgery, 20 pts showed right ventricular (RV) type of SV, 5 had left ventricular (LV) type, and 1 undivided type. The common atrioventricular valve was associated in 19 patients. The age at operation ranged from 6 days to 14 years of mean 3.2 years and the flow ranged from 6 to 146 of mean 49 ml/min/kg. Seven developed congestive heart failure at late follow-up with 4 late deaths. The average flow in this group (poor result) was 68 +/- 40 (mean +/- SD) ml/min/kg, and the remaining pts with favorable results (n = 16) had a mean flow of 41 +/- 22 ml/min/kg (p less than 0.05). In the group of LV type (n = 5), there was one late death caused from apparently excessive shunt flow (146 ml/min/kg). In the group of RV type without AVVR (n = 10), three pts of poor result had flow over 50 ml/min/kg. In those with AVVR (n = 8), pts with poor result were found with flow below 50 ml/min/kg.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Surgical treatment of tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia: early and late results].

From 1968 to 1987, 45 consecutive patients with tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary atresia underwent corrective surgery. In the former 10 years, there were 8 operative deaths (40%) in the 20 patients and no late death. In the recent 10 years, there were 4 operative deaths and 4 late deaths in the 25 patients. In the 17 patients associated with large aorto pulmonary collateral artery (LAPCA) which was ligated in the most patients, there were 5 operative deaths (29%) and 3 late deaths. Nine patients (53%) survived long-term. There were 7 operative deaths (25%), one late death and 20 patients (71%) being long-term survivors in the 28 patients without LAPCA. Pulmonary hemodynamics were investigated in 10 patients without LAPCA and 11 with LAPCA after corrective surgery. Pulmonary arterial mean pressure (PAm) ranged from 9-24 (17 +/- 6) mmHg in patients without LAPCA and 15-92 (37 +/- 23) mmHg in those with LAPCA. Pulmonary arteriography showed arborization abnormality in 7 of the 11 patients with LAPCA. PAm inversely correlated well with number of pulmonary artery segments connected to the central pulmonary arteries. Postoperative pulmonary hypertension was found in patients with less than 16 bronchopulmonary segments connected to the central pulmonary arteries, and two of them died of pulmonary hypertension late after surgery. These results suggested that unifocalization to connect the central pulmonary artery more than 15 bronchopulmonary segments may be an important strategy for correction of this anomaly with LAPCA.

Child↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of modalities for recurrent breast cancer patients].

Of 342 breast cancer patients radically operated on in the Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Chiba University during 1965-1988, treatment for 75 recurrent patients were evaluated by the initial modes of recurrence. The modes of recurrence were classified into distant metastases, local lymph node recurrence (axillary, parasternal and supraclavicular nodes) and chest wall recurrence according to the General Rules for Clinical and Pathological Recording of Breast Cancer. Of 75 recurrent patients, distant metastases were seen as common as 77.3%, followed by recurrences of local lymph nodes (14.7%) and chest wall (8.0%). The number of patients in each mode of recurrence increased in relation to increase in the size of tumor and the number of metastatic lymph nodes at the time of the first operation. Histologically, scirrhous carcinoma was most common in chest wall recurrence. 2-year disease-free survival rates of distant metastases, local lymph node recurrence and chest wall recurrence were 44.6%, 24.2% and 16.7%, respectively. 5-year survival of bone metastasis with chemo-endocrine therapy was as significantly favorable as 60%, compared to chemo- or radiotherapy alone (p less than 0.01). However, 5-year survival of lung metastasis with or without endocrine therapy revealed no significant difference. Local lymph node recurrence with the combination of resection, radio- and/or chemotherapy produced a trend toward showing more favorable survival than that without resection.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Angiographic assessment of left ventricular volume, afterload and contractile state in normal children.

Left ventricular (LV) volume, mass and end-systolic stress were determined angiographically in 20 normal children aged 3 months to 16 years. LV contractile state was assessed by the analysis of the relation between end-systolic stress and ejection phase index or end-systolic volume. The LV volume and mass closely correlated with the body surface area. The LV mass/end-diastolic volume ratio (0.94 +/- 0.13 g/ml), ejection fraction (0.67 +/- 0.03) and circumferential end-systolic stress (163 +/- 21 kdynes/cm2, 165 +/- 21 g/cm2) remained constant despite the extensive increase in LV volume with physical growth. In all subjects significant inverse correlations were observed between end-systolic stress and ejection fraction or mean normalized systolic ejection rate. The ratio of the circumferential end-systolic stress to end-systolic volume index ranged from 5.00 to 12.57 (7.49 +/- 1.88). The ratio inversely correlated with age (r = -0.74, p less than 0.001), indicating that this ratio for estimating LV contractility is associated with ventricular size. These results suggested that the LV mass increased adequately in response to the extensive increase in LV cavity volume to maintain the end-systolic stress during growth in childhood and that physiologic cardiac growth was associated with appropriate hypertrophy with no significant change in LV contractile state.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Structural kinetics of the allosteric transition of aspartate transcarbamylase produced by physiological substrates.

We have studied the kinetics of the quaternary structure change associated with the allosteric transition of aspartate transcarbamylase (ATCase) (E. coli), inducing this change by exposure to the natural substrates (carbamyl phosphate and L-aspartate). The presence of 30% ethylene glycol slowed the quaternary structure change sufficiently for it to be followed by stopped-flow X-ray scattering at -5 degrees C. After adding substrates to the enzyme, the change occurred, with a half-life of a few seconds, yielding a mixture of the two standard quaternary structures (or, conceivably, a state intermediate between them). This mixture persisted until the enzyme reduced the substrate concentration below a threshold value.

Allosteric Regulation↗
PubMed1990

Localization and release of immunoreactive vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in bovine adrenal medulla.

The concentration of immunoreactive (IR) vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in extracts from bovine adrenal medulla was 29.9 +/- 7.2 pmol/g wet wt., which was about 100 times that of IR neurotensin and 30 times that of IR somatostatin. Chromatographic analysis showed that most of the IR-VIP was the same molecular size as synthetic VIP(1-28). On retrograde perfusion of isolated bovine adrenal gland, release of VIP with catecholamine (CA) was marked on stimulation with high K+, but slight on stimulation with acetylcholine, which induced marked release of CA. These results suggest that most of the VIP is localized not in CA storing granules in chromaffin cells, but in other intraadrenal neuronal components. In immunohistochemical studies, IR VIP fibers with large varicosities were observed around the vessels in the adrenal medulla.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1990

Assessment of the intrapulmonary ventilation-perfusion distribution after the Fontan procedure for complex cardiac anomalies: relation to pulmonary hemodynamics.

In 12 patients who underwent the Fontan procedure for complex cardiac anomalies, lung scanning with xenon-133 was performed to assess the intrapulmonary ventilation-perfusion distribution, and comparison was made with a control group. All data were then analyzed in relation to either pre- or postoperative pulmonary hemodynamic data. In ventilation scans, the intrapulmonary distribution in the right lung was almost normal. In perfusion scans, an abnormal increased upper to lower lobe perfusion ratio greater than the normal value found in the control group was noted in seven patients (58.3%). There was a significant correlation (p less than 0.02) between the upper to lower lobe perfusion ratio and postoperative pulmonary vascular resistance. Furthermore, this perfusion ratio correlated inversely with the preoperative (p less than 0.005) and postoperative (p less than 0.02) right pulmonary artery area index, defined as the ratio of cross-sectional area to the normal value. Of five patients with less than 90% arterial oxygen saturation, four showed an abnormal distribution of pulmonary blood flow greater than the normal perfusion ratio. No patient had evidence of a pulmonary arteriovenous fistula by the echocardiographic contrast study. These results suggest that abnormal distribution of pulmonary blood flow to the upper lung segment may develop in patients after the Fontan procedure, and that insufficient size of the pulmonary artery before operation and the consequent postoperative elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance may be responsible for this perfusion abnormality.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Cooperative biotin binding by streptavidin. Electrophoretic behavior and subunit association of streptavidin in the presence of 6 M urea.

We describe the cooperativity in the biotin binding of streptavidin. We have developed an electrophoretic method which can separate streptavidin molecules with bound biotin from those without biotin. In 6 M urea, the electrophoretic mobility of streptavidin in polyacrylamide gels becomes significantly faster upon biotin binding. When streptavidin was titrated with biotin, only two major bands were observed on the gel, consisting of streptavidin molecules without bound biotin and those saturated with biotin. The change in mobility is due partly to the negative charge of the bound biotin, but it must reflect conformational changes of the protein molecule associated with biotin binding. Gel filtration chromatography showed that the streptavidin molecule dissociates into two subunit dimers in the presence of 6 M urea. These results suggest that the biotin binding by the streptavidin subunit dimer is cooperative and that some communication must exist between the two subunits.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1990

Activities of newly synthesized dihydropyridines in overcoming of vincristine resistance, calcium antagonism, and inhibition of photoaffinity labeling of P-glycoprotein in rodents.

Newly synthesized 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives (NK-compounds) were screened to determine whether they could overcome vincristine (VCR) resistance in VCR-resistant (P388/VCR) leukemia-bearing mice. Among the 57 NK-compounds examined, six compounds had strong reversing ability (Grade A), 18 partially overcame the resistance (Grade B), and 33 did not reverse the resistance (Grade C). The ability to overcome resistance varied considerably with the nature of substituents at positions 3.5 of the 1,4-dihydropyridine, and the most suitable substituents were the pyridylalkyl-including esters. Calcium antagonistic activity of NK-compounds having pyridylalkyl-including esters at positions 3.5 and dithiene ring at position 4 of the 1,4-dihydropyridine was greater than in those compounds having the dioxene ring at position 4. NK-242, which was assessed at Grade A and had no calcium antagonistic activity, improved therapeutic effects in both VCR-sensitive (P388/S) leukemia- and P388/VCR leukemia-bearing mice when combined with VCR. Fourteen NK-compounds were screened to determine whether they could inhibit photoaffinity labeling of the P-glycoprotein (Mr 170,000 glycoprotein) in a multidrug-resistant cell line by [3H]azidopine. All six compounds of Grade A and two of the three compounds of Grade B almost completely inhibited the labeling of Mr 170,000 glycoprotein at 1 to 10 microM. Thus there was a good correlation between the ability to reverse VCR resistance in vivo and the inhibition of photoaffinity labeling of Mr 170,000 glycoprotein.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1990

Polymerase chain-reaction-mediated cloning and expression of the coat protein gene of potato virus Y in Escherichia coli.

Complementary DNAs (cDNAs) to the RNA genome of a necrotic strain of potato virus Y in Japan (Hokkaido Univ. isolate of PVY-T:PVY-TH) were synthesized and cloned into a plasmid pBR322. About 4.3 kbp of the cDNA sequence containing the 3'-poly(A) tract of PVY-TH was inserted into a recombinant plasmid pBRYT88. The coat protein coding region (CP gene) in pBRYT88 was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subcloned into a plasmid pUC119. The nucleotide sequence of the CP gene was determined from both the PCR-mediated clones and pBRYT88. The CP gene of PVY-TH consisted of 801 nucleotides, corresponding to 267 amino acids of Mr 29,811. The predicted amino acid sequence of the PVY-TH CP gene was different from that of PVYN (1) in only five amino acids and displayed 98.1% sequence homology. This result indicates that PVY-TH is closely related to PVYN (1). The cDNAs of the PVY-TH CP gene containing an additional initiation codon (ATG) at the 5' end and a stop codon at the 3' end were constructed by PCR amplification and subcloned into an E. coli expression vector, pKK223-3. Five transformed E. coli colonies expressing the PVY-TH CP were identified by immunoscreening using both polyclonal rabbit antiserum against PVY-TH and mouse monoclonal antibody (MoAb) specific to PVY-T. The CP of PVY-TH produced in the E. coli colonies had an electrophoretic mobility identical to that of native PVY-TH CP and reacted strongly to a specific MoAb to PVY-T, but did not react to a specific MoAb to an ordinary strain of PVY (PVY-O). The maximum expression of the CP in E. coli was approximately 7% of the total soluble proteins. The result indicates that the CP gene cloned by PCR was functional and the PCR procedure was useful for producing biologically active cDNA clones from a single, long positive-sense RNA genome encoding a single, large polyprotein precursor, such as potyviruses.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Early gastric cancer. Endoscopic diagnosis of depth of invasion.

In order to decide on a treatment strategy against gastric cancers, an accurate preoperative evaluation of the depth of cancer invasion is essential. Preoperative endoscopic diagnosis of the depth of invasion was compared with pathological results of the resected specimen in 206 early gastric cancers and 32 early-like advanced gastric cancers. The endoscopic distinction between early and early-like advanced cancers was correctly made in 83.6% of the cases. Among the early gastric cancers, mucosal and submucosal invasion was correctly presumed in 71.9% of the cases. When the tumor was an elevated type, or located in the antrum, the endoscopic diagnosis tended to be deeper than the true depth. The size of tumor contributed little to the depth diagnosis. Pathomorphological changes on the tips of converging folds were the important clue for diagnosing depth.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Immunoreactive luteinizing hormone in functioning corticotroph adenomas of the pituitary. Immunohistochemical and tissue culture studies of two cases.

Two pituitary adenomas removed from a 37-year-old woman and a 26-year-old woman with typical Cushing's disease were studied by light and electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay of tissue culture media. Both patients had high plasma levels of cortisol and normal levels of luteinizing hormone (LH). Both tumours were monomorphous, composed of densely granulated corticotrophs; the tumour cells contained periodic acid-Schiff positivity, were arranged in a sinusoidal pattern and, ultrastructurally, contained well-developed cytoplasmic organelles. By immunohistochemistry the majority of tumour cells contained immunoreactive adrenocorticotropin (ACTH); approximately 10% of the tumour cell population contained LH immunoreactivity. The LH-positive cells tended to form clusters scattered widely throughout the tumour tissues. LH immunoreactivity was demonstrated in some ACTH-immunoreactive cells on serial sections. Large amounts of immunoreactive ACTH and smaller quantities of LH, follicle stimulating hormone and alpha-subunit were released into the culture media and release of the glycoprotein hormones responded in parallel to corticotropin releasing hormone stimulation or inhibition by cortisol. These findings indicate that LH can be simultaneously produced and released by ACTH-producing tumour cells of otherwise typical functioning corticotroph adenomas. The capacity for LH production may be acquired during neoplastic proliferation. This is the first detailed report of concurrent production of LH by pituitary corticotroph adenomas.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

Isolations of dermatophyte from clinically normal scalps in M. canis infections using the hairbrush method.

The scalp hair of patients with dermatophytosis due to M. canis but without scalp lesions, and that of their family members without dermatophytosis were examined using the hairbrush method. The dermatophyte was detected in 93.8% of the scalps of those who lived in homes where cats were kept, and in 25% of those without cats. After the source of infection had been treated, the dermatophyte showed a gradually decreasing presence, finally disappearing altogether, so that no case of the disease on the scalp hair could be found. We inferred from the above findings in M. canis infections that, since the dermatophytes are seen in a high proportion of cases without scalp lesions, the dermatophytes, in many cases, exist only as saprophytes on the hair.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Monoclonal antibody against human enterokinase and immunohistochemical localization of the enzyme.

A monoclonal antibody, hek-1, was raised against enterokinase or enteropeptidase that had previously been partially purified from human duodenal fluid. Hek-1 showed staining of two glycoprotein bands of relative molecular weights of 260,000 and 240,000 on immunoblot analysis of partially purified enterokinase and of ammonium sulfate fraction of duodenal fluid. An enzyme immunoassay for human enterokinase was developed, making use of hek-1. Sensitivity to enterokinase was 20 times higher than that of the conventional assay where BAPA was used as a substrate. The immunohistochemical study with hek-1 showed staining of the brush border membrane and some goblet cells of the duodenum and upper jejunum but no staining of the colon epithelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

A fluorescence temperature-jump study on Ca2(+)-induced conformational changes in calmodulin.

Calmodulin has been shown to alter its conformation so as to interact with a number of target proteins upon Ca2+ binding. A Ca2(+)-binding study of calmodulin was performed by monitoring the fluorescence of intrinsic tyrosine residues and the probe 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonate (ANS). ANS fluorescence was shown to reflect Ca2+ binding to both high- and low-affinity sites. On the one hand, tyrosine fluorescence was sensitive only to the high-affinity Ca2+ binding. Temperature-jump investigation of the ternary complex of Ca2(+)-calmodulin-ANS in combination with monitoring of ANS fluorescence demonstrated the kinetic characteristics of the conformational change. The relaxation process was attributed to Ca2(+)-induced conformational change and the rate constants of this process were evaluated. On the basis of the rate constants of the conformational change, a rapid response of calmodulin in Ca2+ signaling is suggested.

Calcium↗