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Biomedical subjects

T Salmon

Publications and source records attributed to T Salmon.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

Wastewater sludge convective drying: influence of sludge origin.

This paper deals with thermal drying of wastewater sludges, whose management will become crucial in the forthcoming years. Sludges collected after mechanical dewatering in 5 different WWTPs are submitted to the same convective drying treatment in order to try finding some relations between the drying behaviours, the type of effluent and wastewater treatments. Results show dearly sludge drying remains a particularly complex operation because sludges may exhibit very different behaviours, both from kinetic and texture points of view. Initial moisture content and global composition are not sufficient to explain the different observed behaviours. It is too early to claim one or another type of water treatment has an influence on the drying behaviour. However, the drying rates can be classified in the inverse order of the organic content. Moreover for sludges at the same siccities, the harder the material (rheological properties), the higher the drying rate. Final textural properties can be related to the rheological properties and the internal diffusion limitations lowering the drying intensity.

Desiccation↗

Subjective refraction of the peripheral field using contrast detection acuity.

BACKGROUND: Although peripheral resolution acuity is relatively unaffected by uncorrected refractive error, recent investigations of peripheral vision indicate that contrast detection is optically limited. It should be possible, therefore, to perform a subjective refraction in the peripheral visual field using a contrast detection task. METHODS: For a range of trial lenses, contrast detection acuities for vertical and horizontal gratings were measured with a two-interval forced-choice paradigm. Lens powers that maximized detection acuity were taken as the subjective refraction estimates. These powers were compared with objective refractions determined with retinoscopy and autorefractometry. RESULTS: Contrast detection acuity varied significantly with lens power at all retinal locations tested. Defocusing by one diopter from the optimum lens power reduced detection acuity by about a factor of two at 20 degrees eccentricity, and slightly less in the far periphery. Objective retinoscopy and autorefractometry agreed with subjective measurements for most conditions tested. CONCLUSIONS: Contrast detection acuity in the peripheral visual field varies with refractive blur, demonstrating the feasibility of performing subjective refraction in the periphery for a contrast detection task. Results suggest that visual fields measured with standard perimetry, which is based on contrast detection, may be affected by uncorrected peripheral refractive errors.

Adult↗

Concentrations of heroin, 06-monoacetylmorphine, and morphine in a lethal case following an oral heroin overdose.

A case of lethal overdose by heroin ingestion is presented. The concentrations of drugs were measured several hours after death. Heroin, 06-monoacetylmorphine, and morphine were identified and quantitated in blood, urine, and gastrointestinal contents by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. Concentrations of heroin, 06-monoacetylmorphine, and morphine were 109, 168, and 1140 ng/mL, respectively, in blood and 17, 12, and 425 ng/g, respectively, in gastrointestinal content. In urine, however, only morphine was detected at 3650 ng/mL.

Administration, Oral↗