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Biomedical subjects

T Sakurai

Publications and source records attributed to T Sakurai.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Transcutaneous electrical stimulation for the control of frequency and urge incontinence].

To control frequency, urgency and urge incontinence, transcutaneous electrical stimulation was applied to the tibial nerve, the pudendal nerve or the anal sphincter in 79 patients. All patients were refractory to any medications for the control of frequency, nocturia, urgency and urge incontinence from a variety of causes including disk protrusion, Parkinson's disease and idiopathic conditions. The parameters of stimulation were 0.1 to 0.5 msec. duration for each stimulus, frequency 10 to 40 Hz, amplitude 5 to 500 voltage. Cystometrography was repeated during and after electrical stimulation and showed increased bladder capacity, measured at first and/or at maximum desire to void, increased compliance, decreased bladder pressure and/or disappearance of uninhibited contractions in 79% of the patients examined. At least one of these changes was observed in 64, 72 and 85% of the patients who underwent stimulation of the tibial nerve, the pudendal nerve and the anal sphincter, respectively. In some patients inhibition of bladder contraction persisted for more than 2 or 3 days after stimulation. Electromyographic activity of the pelvic floor muscles increased in all of the patients during the stimulation of the pudendal nerve or the anal sphincter, but did not increase and rather decreased during stimulation of the tibial nerve. Urethral pressure measured during electrical stimulation, did not change in many cases. Clinical success was also obtained in 19 of 22 patients who underwent two electrical stimulation program; one was continuous daily use of a portable stimulator, and the other was periodic anal stimulation once or twice a week.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Late local recurrence of cervical cancer after initial treatment].

Late local recurrence of cervical cancer more than 10 years after successful initial treatment is very rare. We now present 17 patients with late local recurrence. Only one patient had undergone primary surgery alone; the other 16 patients had received various types of radiotherapy. All 17 patients received radiotherapy as the second treatment. Local control was achieved in 9 patients, 4 of these survived for more than 5 years after the second treatment. Longterm follow-up for more than 10 years is important for the early detection of late local recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Megaureters in adults].

Megaureters are common in children but are rarely found in adults, probably due to the scarcity of clinical symptoms. Reconstruction surgery in adults has been performed only exceptionally up to a few years ago. We encountered 7 adults with 7 megaureters in the recent 6 years. The underlying pathologic entities responsible for the megaureters were non-peristaltic lower segment, ectopic ureter and ureterovesical junction stenosis. Six adults with 6 megaureters were treated by complete surgical reconstruction and reimplantation of the ureter. The outcome of all the reported cases was excellent.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Improved cineangiographic evaluation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by biventriculography with angled projection].

Left ventricular cineangiography with angled projection has been designed to overcome limitations of conventional angiography in the diagnosis of various heart diseases. Thus, to delineate the precise extent and degree of the thickness of the ventricular septum and left ventricular free wall in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, we performed biventriculography with angled projection (angled BVG) in 14 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), three with concentric hypertrophy and one with dilated cardiomyopathy. We also performed conventional biventriculography (nonangled BVG) in 9 of these 18 patients. The length of the interventricular septum (LIVS) and the long axis of the left ventricular cavity (LLV) measured by angled BVG (LIVS = 8.07 +/- 1.41 cm and LLV = 9.10 +/- 1.36 cm, n = 9) were significantly longer than those by nonangled BVG (LIVS = 5.88 +/- 1.17 and LLV = 7.15 +/- 1.24, n = 9) (p less than 0.001). In addition, the mitral valve and ventricular septum were visualized more clearly. Systolic anterior motion of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve was readily identifiable, which was not detected usually by the nonangled method. In summary, angled BVG afforded increased precision in evaluation of the interventricular septum, left ventricular outflow tract and mitral valve in patients with HCM because these structures are seen in profile, an anatomy of the interventricular septum and an abnormal motion of the mitral valve can be better evaluated. Thus, angled BVG is the diagnostic procedure of choice in patients suggestive of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Techniques and clinical effect of aseptic procedures on patients with acute leukemia in laminar airflow rooms.

The techniques of aseptic procedures in the laminar airflow room (LAF) were evaluated in 110 adult patients undergoing antileukemic chemotherapy for remission induction. The patients were divided into three groups according to the regimens: Group A, consisting of 20 patients who stayed in the LAF and received the gown technique + sterile food + prophylactic oral and topical antibiotics; Group B, consisting of 12 patients who stayed in the LAF and received sterile food + prophylactic oral antibiotics; and Group C, consisting of 78 patients in open wards, who received prophylactic oral antibiotics alone. Species and numbers of microorganisms on the skin surface were far less in the patients in Group A than in those in Group B. Airborne microorganisms were counted by the air sampling method. No microorganisms could be detected at the time of the patient's rest and of blood collection in either Group A or B. Electrocardiography and X-ray examination caused an increase in the number of colonies to more than one colony in Group B, but Group A had a count of less than 0.5 colony. The colony counts became negative within 5 min after the cessation of each operation. The percentage of febrile days for patients with a peripheral granulocyte count of less than 100/microliter was 29% in Group A, 21% in Group B and 44% in Group C. The incidence of documented infections during the total hospital stay was 25% (5/20), 42% (5/12) and 86% (67/78), respectively. The aseptic procedures in Group B were not as strict as in Group A, but the incidence of infections in Group B was significantly lower than in Group C.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

von Recklinghausen's disease and malignant changes in three patients.

Three Japanese patients with von Recklinghausen's disease and malignant changes were studied. The primary lesions of malignant changes were the chest wall in Case 1, the buttock in Case 2, and the neck in Case 3. After excision of the tumors, there were local recurrences in Cases 1 and 2. Distant metastases developed during treatment in these patients. One of the patients (Case 1) died 21 months after the initial diagnosis of malignancy. Multidisciplinary treatment was of some value in suppressing local recurrences and pulmonary metastases in Case 2. Pulmonary metastases were evident at the time of admission to our hospital in Case 3. Although the primary and metastatic tumors were removed, the patient died 8 months after the initial diagnosis of malignancy. We conclude that careful follow-up should be required in patients with von Recklinghausen's disease because of the possibility of malignant changes. When there is a suspicion of malignancy, an extended en-block excision must be performed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Riboflavin deficiency and beta-oxidation systems in rat liver.

Weanling rats were fed a riboflavin-deficient diet. The mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in liver was depressed in riboflavin deficiency but restored after supplementation of riboflavin. Among the enzymes involved in this system, only the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.99.2 and 1.3.99.3) activities varied with the change in fatty acid oxidation. An accumulation of the apoforms of acyl-CoA dehydrogenases was found in riboflavin deficiency. The levels of electron transfer flavoprotein and other enzymes involved in the beta-oxidation system remained unchanged. The peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation and levels of individual enzymes of this system remained constant. No accumulation of the apoform of acyl-CoA oxidase was observed under simple, riboflavin-deficient conditions. However, accumulation of a large amount of apo-acyl-CoA oxidase was observed when the peroxisomal system was induced by administration of a peroxisome proliferator, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, under riboflavin-deficient conditions.

Acyl-CoA Oxidase↗
PubMed1982

Prophage Curing in Lactobacillus casei by Isolation of a Thermoinducible Mutant.

To eliminate the occurrence of virulent phage in industrial fermentation, attempts were made to obtain prophage-cured derivatives from Lactobacillus casei lysogenic strain S-1. A thermoinducible mutant lysogen was isolated from mutagenized strain S-1, since S-1 cannot be induced under laboratory conditions. The mutation responsible for thermoinducibility was located on the prophage. Prophage-cured strains were selected after heat induction of the mutant. These cured strains did not produce the virulent phage and should be valuable for industrial fermentation.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1982

Effect of the vasodilator therapy in regurgitant valvular disease.

The hemodynamic response to afterload reduction by sodium nitroprusside was assessed in 5 patients with mitral regurgitation and in 7 with aortic regurgitation. The drug significantly lowered left ventricular systolic pressure, end-diastolic pressure and end-diastolic volume. In patients with mitral regurgitation, significant decreases in regurgitant volume (74 +/- 10 to 44 +/- 7 ml) and regurgitant fraction (60 +/- 4 to 41 +/- 5%) were associated with substantial increases in cardiac output (4.18 +/- 1.18 to 5.43 +/- 1.18 L/min) and forward stroke volume (49 +/- 10 to 64 +/- 9 ml). In patients with aortic regurgitation, vasodilator therapy was effective in increasing forward output only in 2 patients who had an initially elevated end-diastolic pressure which was reduced only to levels slightly above normal with nitroprusside. In patients with a lower level of end-diastolic pressure, further reduction in the filling pressure resulted in no benefit or rather a fall in forward stroke volume, despite a significant increase in pump function (ejection fraction being augmented from 55 +/- 4 to 61 +/- 5%). Experiments in dogs confirmed that nitroprusside reduced the amount of mitral regurgitation by virtue of diminishing the regurgitant orifice size, as a result of the reduction in size of the left heart chamber. These observations also support the concept that it is ultimately important to maintain filling pressure at an optimal level during administration of a vasodilating agent, otherwise effects due to afterload reduction tend to be offset.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of pyridoxal phosphate deficiency on aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase activity with L-DOPA and L-5-hydroxytryptophan as substrates in rats.

This paper describes the distribution of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) activities in fourteen tissues (eight peripheral tissues and six brain regions) of semicarbazide (SC)-treated rats, using both L-DOPA and L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) as substrates. The distribution of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) was also measured in control and SC-treated rats. SC-treatment decreased the PLP concentration in all tissues (about 50-60% of control). AADC activities towards L-DOPA and L-5-HTP as substrates were also decreased significantly in almost all tissues of SC-treated rats. After the addition of exogenous PLP in vitro, AADC activities were recovered only partially in most tissues, but the recovery patterns were not parallel between L-DOPA and L-5-HTP as substrates. L-DOPA decarboxylase activity was more sensitive to PLP-deficiency than L-5-HTP decarboxylase activity in the same tissues. Serum AADC activities were decreased drastically using both L-DOPA and L-5-HTP as substrates. No serum AADC activity was detected in SC-treated rats using L-DOPA as substrate, but low activity was detected in the same sample using L-5-HTP as the substrate; both activities recovered completely after in vitro addition of 10 microM PLP in the incubation mixtures.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗