Biomedical subjects

T Sakata

Publications and source records attributed to T Sakata.

581 records · Page 33Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of cigarette smoking on prevalence of summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by Trichosporon cutaneum.

We investigated the effect of cigarette smoking on the prevalence of summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis (SHP) caused by Trichosporon cutaneum. In the adult family members of SHP patients, we found that 27 of 41 (65.9%) nonsmokers were SHP patients, compared with 3 of 11 (27.3%) smokers (p less than .05). Also, the prevalence of anti-T. cutaneum antibody was significantly lower in the smokers (p less than .05). A questionnaire provided to 209 SHP patients revealed that the smoking rates of male and female SHP patients were significantly lower (p less than .01) than rates in the normal Japanese population. However, no difference was found in serum anti-T. cutaneum antibody activities or the bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocyte phenotypes for smoking and nonsmoking SHP patients. It was concluded that cigarette smoking had a suppressive effect on the outbreak of SHP, but smoking caused no further suppression after the disease was established.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A 'neural' response with 3-ms latency evoked by loud sound in profoundly deaf patients.

A large negative deflection with a latency of 3 ms was observed in the auditory brainstem response (ABR) waveforms of some patients with peripheral profound deafness. This deflection was termed the N3 potential. In this paper, we review patients with the N3 potential and discuss the characteristics of abnormal ABR waveforms. The origin of the N3 potential was also discussed, especially with respect to vestibular evoked potentials. In most of the patients, audiograms showed no response to the maximum output of an audiometer in the high-frequency range and a residual response in the low-frequency range. The N3 potentials were noted at intensities of 80 dB nHL or greater. As the stimulus intensity increased, the amplitude of the potential increased and the latency decreased. A high repetition rate (83.3/s) of the click stimulus influenced the latency and amplitude of the N3 potential. The potential was replicated on retest within less than a month, and had a consistent latency and amplitude over the scalp. The results indicate that the N3 potential is not an electrical artifact but a physiological neural response evoked by a loud sound. The N3 potential is most likely not an auditory evoked response from cochlear or a response from a semicircular canal, because it has a 3-ms latency, a sharp waveform, and is unassociated with vertigo. The results suggest that the N3 potential may be a saccular acoustic response.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnostic significance of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in biochemical tests with special reference of chronic liver diseases.

To assess the degree of the differential ability of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity as compared with 13 conventional biochemical tests, we studied 76 healthy subjects and 107 patients with chronic liver diseases. It was found that the mean values of serum ACE activity were significantly different between the healthy group and groups with liver disease. According to discriminant function analysis, the diagnostic accuracy reached 82.2% in 14 tests. In order to analyze the extent of contribution of each test to the entire diagnostic accuracy, we made an indicator of the relative decrease rate expressed as a percentage, which is 100-100 x (13-test diagnostic accuracy less one test/14-test diagnostic accuracy). The relative decrease rate of serum ACE activity was 11.4%, the largest in value. In conclusion, serum ACE activity may be one of the best discriminators to characterize chronic liver disease.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Rat urinary bladder epithelial lesions induced by acrolein.

Acrolein, a constituent of cigarette smoke and a metabolite of cyclophosphamide, has been shown to induce acute cytotoxicity of the rat urinary bladder mucosa when instilled directly into the bladder lumen. To evaluate the effects of systemic administration, we examined the rat urinary bladder following intragastric or intraperitoneal administration of acrolein to male F344 rats. In an initial experiment, acrolein was administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg, which proved to be extremely toxic. Five of 12 rats injected intragastrically and 5 of 12 injected intraperitoneally died within 24 hrs. After 2 days, 3 of the 3 surviving rats injected intraperitoneally had focal simple hyperplasia of the urinary bladder. None of the rats injected intragastrically had bladder hyperplasia. In a second experiment, acrolein was administered by intraperitoneal injection at doses of 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 mg/kg. Five days later, the labeling index of the bladder mucosa was evaluated by autoradiography. In rats injected with 6 mg/kg of acrolein, the labeling index was significantly increased compared to the other doses and compared to a vehicle injection control group. These data indicate that sufficient acrolein reaches the urinary bladder to induce a proliferative response following intraperitoneal administration.

Acrolein↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Leakage across the premoulded dacron baffle used for correction of transposition of the great arteries.

The use of a pre-moulded dacron baffle, as described by Dillard, and used as an interatrial baffle in transposition of the great arteries resulted in an extensive leakage of blood through the baffle for several days. Pre-clotting of the baffle on one occasion only was ineffective in preventing the leakage. But complete sealing was effected by pre-clotting three times according to the method of Sauvage. These clinical findings were confirmed by microscopic analysis. A porous baffle way will be an advantage in patients with pulmonary hypertension when it would act as a safety valve.

Angiocardiography↗