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Biomedical subjects

T Sakamoto

Publications and source records attributed to T Sakamoto.

At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Delayed neurotoxicity produced by an organophosphorus compound (Sumithion). A case report.

A case of late-onset manifestation of organophosphorous insecticide poisoning is described. The patient was a 70-year-old female who ingested 40 ml Sumithion emulsion (50% fenitrothion). At first, no toxic symptoms were apparent. However, 48 h after ingestion certain signs became apparent. An impediment in consciousness was observed. Fasciculation and muscular weakness were noted, while plasma and urinary 4-nitro-3-methylphenol (NMC), the degradation product of Sumithion, reached a maximum. Neither atropine sulfate nor PAM (pyridine 2-aldoxime methiodine) were effective. For 3 weeks the patient required ventilatory support, and consequently her muscle strength and neurological status gradually recovered with falling NMC levels.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

A roentgenocephalometric study of skeletal changes during and after chin cup treatment.

Skeletal changes before and during chin cup treatment and the stability of results after treatment were studied. Materials consisted of longitudinal lateral cephalometric roentgenograms of twenty-six Japanese females with skeletal Class III malocclusion treated with the chin cup. Treatment was started when patients were 6 to 9 years of age. Annual changes in linear and angular measurements before, during, and after treatment were analyzed statistically. The results were as follows: (1) There was some reduction in the amount of expected growth increment in the mandible; a change in mandibular form and distal displacement of the mandible took place during treatment. (2) There was no obvious change in the cranium and maxilla during treatment. (3) Neither acceleration nor restraint of expected growth increment was found after treatment. The exception was forward displacement of the mandible during the first year after removal of the chin cup. To illustrate these results, the skeletal changes of one individual Japanese Class III female during and after chin cup treatment were analyzed with the use of fifteen parameters indicating area ratios, linear ratios, and angles. The control sample consisting of 426 nontreated Japanese females with skeletal Class III malocclusion was observed, varying between 3 years and 30 years of age. The growth in this case showed a trend similar to that of the control sample for the observation period, but it was redirected from the expected natural growth for the treatment period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Isolation and characterization of rabbit H of the alternative complement pathway.

Rabbit factor H, a control protein of the alternative complement pathway, was isolated from rabbit serum by polyethylene glycol precipitation, DEAE-Sephacel chromatography, and gel chromatography on Sephadex G200. The protein migrated as a single-chain polypeptide with a molecular weight of 160,000 on sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis with Laemmli's buffer system, but hardly migrated into the gel with Fairbanks' buffer system. Physical and chemical properties of rabbit H were similar to those of human H, except that fragments produced by limited tryptic digestion from rabbit H had different molecular sizes from those produced from human H. Significant species-specificity was observed in the functional activity of factor H; activation of the alternative complement pathway was inhibited more efficiently with homologous H than with heterologous H. In contrast, factor H inhibited the hemolysis of homologous erythrocytes less than that of heterologous erythrocytes.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

Biosynthesis of the internal thioester bond of the third component of complement.

C3-translational product, which was synthesized with rabbit liver mRNA in a reticulocyte lysate protein-synthesizing system, did not react with [14C]methylamine, indicating the lack of an internal thioester bond. Instead, the C3-translational product reacted with iodo[1-14C]acetamide, as determined by gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate after immunoprecipitation of the product, indicating the presence of a reactive thiol group. When the C3-translational product was treated with rabbit liver homogenate, the product acquired reactivity with [14C]methylamine and lost the reactivity with iodo[1-14C]acetamide. Thus, the liver homogenate seemed to contain a factor (or factors) required for the formation of an internal thioester bond. The factor was partially purified from the liver homogenate by ammonium sulfate precipitation and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Gastric inhibitory polypeptide secretion after radical pancreatoduodenectomy.

To elucidate the role of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) in the alteration of insulin secretion following pancreatoduodenal resection, in which the main sources of GIP are removed, plasma levels of GIP were measured for 180 minutes after oral glucose administration, both before and after radical pancreatoduodenectomy in nine patients with periampullary cancer. Fasting plasma levels of GIP remained much the same before and after surgery, and were not different from those in normal controls. The levels of GIP after glucose ingestion were significantly greater in the preoperative patients than in normal controls throughout 180 minutes. After pancreatoduodenectomy, the postglucose levels significantly diminished but remained within normal limits. Changes in plasma levels of insulin early after glucose ingestion in these patients, however, were significantly less both before and after surgery than in normal controls, and were not concomitant with the initial increase in plasma GIP. On the other hand, plasma levels of insulin greatly increased immediately after glucose ingestion in accordance with a rapid elevation of plasma GIP in 11 gastrectomized patients in whom the duodenum and the pancreas were preserved intact and who served as the control group. Thus, the diminution in GIP secretion following pancreatoduodenectomy may relate to the lack of main sources of this gut hormone and not to factors involved in the reconstruction of the alimentary tract. We conclude that the impaired insulin secretion following oral glucose ingestion in patients before and after pancreatoduodenectomy does not relate to the secretion of GIP.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

In vitro formation of 3'-hydroxy T-2 and 3'-hydroxy HT-2 toxins from T-2 toxin by liver homogenates from mice and monkeys.

In vitro metabolism of T-2 toxin was studied in homogenates of mouse and monkey livers. In addition to several hydrolyzed products, including HT-2 toxin, neosolaniol, 4-deacetylneosolaniol, 15-deacetylneosolaniol, and T-2 tetraol, two metabolic products were isolated from the incubation mixture. Their structures were confirmed as 3'-hydroxy T-2 toxin and 3'-hydroxy HT-2 toxin on the basis of mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The formation of these hydroxylated metabolites was found in the microsomes in the presence of NADPH, and the hydroxylation reaction was enhanced by treating mice with phenobarbital. The results suggest that a cytochrome P-450 is catalyzing the hydroxylation at the C-3' position of T-2 and HT-2 toxins. An in vitro metabolic pathway of T-2 toxin in the hepatic homogenates containing the NADPH-generating system is proposed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Lack of correlation between delayed traumatic intracerebral haematoma and disseminated intravascular coagulation.

The relationship between delayed traumatic intracerebral haematoma and disseminated intravascular coagulation was investigated. Eighteen patients with delayed traumatic intracerebral haematoma were selected as the study subjects from 268 consecutive patients with head trauma and compared with another two groups of patients with closed head injury (20 cases) and with multiple injuries (24 cases). All cases had six laboratory studies for disseminated intravascular coagulation for 7 days. The results revealed no different clotting abnormalities among the three groups. From the laboratory point of view, it could be concluded there was no essential relationship between disseminated intravascular coagulation and the appearance of delayed traumatic intracerebral haematoma.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMed1984

Purification and characterization of rat liver cytosol catalase.

Rat liver cytosol catalase was purified by making use of its interaction with deoxycholate and by the various methods used to purify peroxisomal catalase. The purified preparation was both enzymatically and immunologically identical with the purified peroxisomal catalase, but differed in its chromatographic behaviour and electrophoretic mobility. Amino acid analysis also revealed a slight difference between the two catalase molecules.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

A long-term follow-up study of valve replacements.

We have studied the long-term results of valve replacement operations in 591 patients, one year or more after surgery, and also analyzed rates of social return in 523 patients (response rate, 86.1 per cent) by questionnaire. Of the 591 patients, 81 patients suffered early death (mortality rate, 13.7 per cent) and 41 patients late death (mortality rate, 6.9 per cent). The causes of the latter were left atrial thrombus (18 cases), heart failure (10 cases), artificial valve failure (five cases), renal failure (two cases) and hepatic insufficiency, infection and accident (one case each). Second replacement was performed in 18 patients (3.0 per cent), 49 months on average from the first operation. The survival rate at the 12th postoperative year was 68.7 per cent. The overall rate of social return after valve replacement was 64.8 per cent, including 74.8 per cent for mitral valve replacement, 54.3 per cent for aortic and 51.5 for multivalvular. The rate of social return has been improved to 76.4 per cent in the last five years.

Aortic Valve↗