[Hamartoma of the intestine].
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Hamartoma↗
Biomedical subjects
T Sakamoto
Publications and source records attributed to T Sakamoto.
[Hamartoma of the intestine].
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Hamartoma↗
[Visual hallucination in the hemianopic field caused by dural arteriovenous malformation].
We presented a 65-year-old man with the right occipital dural arteriovenous malformation (AVM) who first experienced photopsia in his left inferior quadrantanopic field and then developed formed hallucinations 8 days later. His visual hallucinations disappeared with saccadic eye movements. EEG showed no epileptic discharge. MRI revealed hyperintensity in the right medial occipital lobe on proton density image. 123I-IMP SPECT during the hallucinations revealed decrease of regional cerebral blood flow (r-CBF) not only in the right medial occipital lobe but also in the right lateral occipital and in the right medial temporal lobe. Both left inferior quadrantanopia and visual hallucinations disappeared following the treatment of the dural AVM by transarterial embolizations. Because the lesion on MRI improved after the treatment, we considered that the lesion was brain edema, not infarction. Additionally decreased r-CBF in the temporo-occipital lesion on SPECT improved after the treatment, we emphasized the role of the temporo-occipital lesion as the cause of visual hallucinations in the hemianopic field.
Aged↗
[Reoperations for valvular heart disease through repeated median sternotomy incision].
One thousand and three hundred patients underwent open heart surgery for acquired valvular diseases in our hospital from 1952 through December 1993. There were 105 reoperative cases through repeated median sternotomy incision and 52 cases of prosthetic valve replacement by the same operator in the last 5 years. We studied technical procedures by these reoperative experience. There was only one case (1.9%) of hospital death in replacement cases. We believe that repeated open heart surgery for acquired valvular diseases should be done prior to deterioration of patient's clinical condition. We had to pay attention to facilitate mobilization of right atrium and aortic root in the aortic and mitral valvular reoperations. To decrease operative mortality of prosthetic valve replacement, each operative techniques were necessary by the reasons for reoperation.
Adolescent↗
[Results and operative indications of lobectomy with bronchoplasty for bronchogenic carcinoma].
We evaluated the results and operative indications of bronchoplastic lobectomy in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. From 1980 to 1992, 34 patients underwent lobectomy in combination with bronchoplastic procedure for lung cancer. In regard to histological typing, they consisted of 18 squamous cell carcinoma, 9 adenocarcinomas, 3 large-cell carcinomas, 2 combined types of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, 1 small-cell carcinoma, and 1 carcinosarcoma. Five-year survival rate of 18 cases of squamous cell carcinoma was 41.2%, whereas 9 cases of adenocarcinoma died within 3 years. We classified 34 cases into two groups according to the reason of indication for bronchoplasty. Group T (n = 19) was the case whose tumor was spreading to the major bronchus. Group LN (n = 14) was the case whose metastatic lymph nodes were invading to the major bronchus. Forty-two percent of Group T was stage III or IV, while 93% of Group LN was stage III or IV. Five-year survival rate was 54.7% in Group T, and 8.1% in Group LN. There were statistical differences between both groups (p < 0.05). In 73 patients who underwent pneumonectomy at the same period, 5-year survival rate was 31.7%. In conclusion, the bronchoplastic procedure is recommended to Group T in comparison with that of Group LN.
Adult↗
[Clinical effects of granisetron and methylpredonisolone against delayed emesis and anorexia induced by anticancer agents].
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Anorexia↗
Alteration of G protein levels in antigen-challenged guinea pigs.
To elucidate the mechanism(s) of altered responses of various receptors observed in asthma, we examined levels of G proteins in lung membranes isolated from guinea pigs at various stages of experimental asthma. We found that levels of Gi2 alpha and Gq alpha increase after multiple exposures to aerosolized antigen but not after a single exposure. Levels of Gi1 alpha, Gs alpha and G beta did not change under these experimental conditions. Tracheas from these animals exhibited hyperresponsive muscarinic bronchoconstriction and hyporesponsive beta adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation of endothelin-preconstricted tracheas as measured by an ex vivo isometric assay. No changes in numbers or affinities of membrane M3 muscarinic and beta-2 adrenergic receptors were detected as measured by binding of [3H]QNB and [125I]CYP, respectively. The impairment of beta adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation of tracheas isolated from animals treated by multiple challenges was reversed by the pretreatment of tracheas with pertussis toxin. On the other hand, the carbamylcholine-stimulated GTPase activity was higher in lung membranes isolated from animals in the multiple challenge group and was blocked by anti-Gq alpha protein antibody. Taken together, our present observations suggest that an underlying mechanism of altered receptor responses associated with asthma is in part due to increased expression of Gi2 alpha and Gq alpha proteins, leading to altered coupling of receptors to effector systems.
Acetylcholine↗
[Intraoperative monitoring in patients undergoing surgery of lesions involving the cavernous sinus].
We reviewed the intraoperative monitoring and anesthesia in 45 patients, who had undergone operation of lesions involving the cavernous sinus between September, 1990, and May, 1993. The patient was placed in a 30 degree of head-up position to reduce the bleeding from the cavernous venous plexus. However, air embolism during the operation has not been noted in any patients. In 13 of 45 patients, a transient or permanent internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion was performed intraoperatively under the brain protection by thiopental and the monitoring of electroencephalograph, somatosensory evoked potentials, local cerebral blood flow, and oxygen saturation of internal jugular vein. There has been no complications related to the ICA occlusion. In 7 patients, intraoperative recordings of evoked extraocular muscle activities were undertaken to monitor ocular motor nerve function. Responses from the inferior rectus muscle to the oculomotor nerve stimulation, and from the lateral rectus muscle to the abducens nerve stimulation, were obtained in 5 patients and 1 patient, respectively. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in the surgery of lesions involving the cavernous sinus is crucial to reduce the surgical complications, and a team approach, including neurosurgeons, anesthesiologists, and medical engineers, is important for the future progress.
Adolescent↗
[Preoperative sedation for childhood moyamoya disease--clinical evaluation of rectally administered midazolam].
We evaluated the effectiveness of rectally administered midazolam for preoperative sedation in 26 cases of childhood moyamoya disease. The patients, aged 5.0 +/- 1.8 yr (mean +/- SD), received 1 mg.kg-1 of midazolam 30 min prior to induction of anesthesia. The patient's level of sedation, tolerance of anesthesia face mask, and amnesia were evaluated. In 22 of 26 patients induction via face mask was performed smoothly, and excellent anterograde amnesia was observed. Remarkable complications, including hemodynamic and/or respiratory depression, were not noted. The level of sedation was significantly related to the patient's age. Although further investigation to evaluate proper dose are needed, 1 mg.kg-1 of rectally administered midazolam is useful for childhood moyamoya disease, in which crying can worsen the neurological symptoms.
Administration, Rectal↗
[Scanning electron microscopic observation on altered fenestration of the choriocapillaris in sodium iodate-treated rats].
Fenestration of the choriocapillaris may be lost and regained in various pathologic conditions. The purpose of this study was to observe the gradual disappearance of fenestrae with the scanning electron microscope. Pigmented rats were treated with an intravenous injection of sodium iodate. Changes in the choriocapillaris were produced by damaging retinal pigment epithelium. The eyes were processed for styrene embedded cracking on the third, fifth, and seventh days. Dense clusters of fenestrae were seen at the luminal surface facing retina on the third day. These clusters were surrounded by protrusion of cellular surface. The clusters of fenestrae were smaller with some variation in size on the fifth and seventh days. The protrusion between the clusters became flatter and wider. Some endothelial cells had a flat surface with tiny clusters of fenestrae. Although there was loss of fenestrae with smaller clusters and some variation in size, the tendency of the fenestrae to cluster was sustained in the same way as during the reformation of fenestrae in the choriocapillaris after laser photocoagulation.
Animals↗
[Blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in ischemic heart disease].
Intracoronary thrombus formation has been thought to play an important role in the genesis of acute myocardial infarction an unstable angina. To examine whether the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems are altered in such ischemic heart diseases, the plasma levels of fibrinopeptide A (FPA) and plasminogen activator (PAI) were measured. The plasma level of FPA was increased in patients with variant angina as compared with those with stable exertional angina and there was a significant circadian variation in the plasma level of FPA in parallel with that of the frequency of the attacks with the peak level occurring from midnight to early morning in patients with variant angina. The plasma FPA level increased in patients with coronary spastic angina after the ischemic attack induced by hyperventilation. Furthermore, FPA was released into the coronary circulation after the anginal attack induced by intracoronary injection of acetylcholine. These findings suggest that the coronary artery spasm may induce thrombin generation and trigger thrombus formation in the coronary artery. On the other hand, the plasma level of PAI activity was higher in patients with unstable angina and coronary spastic angina than in those with stable exertional angina. Moreover, the PAI activity in patients with unstable angina decreased to the level in patients with stable exertional angina after the stabilization of their symptoms by drugs. Our findings suggest that the increased plasma PAI activity may reduce fibrinolytic activity and attenuate removal of the thrombus and may ultimately lead to acute myocardial infarction in some patients with unstable angina and coronary spastic angina.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Angina, Unstable↗
Intercellular gap formation induced by thrombin in confluent cultured bovine retinal pigment epithelial cells.
PURPOSE: Thrombin is formed at the site of intraocular hemorrhage and may be important in the development of progressive retinal damage. The authors observed that thrombin-treated bovine retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell cultures develop intercellular gaps and initiated this study to examine in detail the effects of thrombin on RPE cell morphology, adhesion, and cytoskeleton. METHODS: Confluent cultures of bovine RPE cells were incubated for various times (0 to 24 hours) with alpha-thrombin (0.1 to 100 U/ml) or enzymatically inactive thrombin. Intercellular gaps were quantitated by light microscopy in ten representative fields (magnification X400) as number of gaps per field (gaps/f). RPE cytoskeleton was studied using immunofluorescent staining for vinculin and F-actin. The mechanism of thrombin-induced RPE cell gap formation was studied by preincubation with specific drugs, including a protein kinase inhibitor (staurosporine), protein kinase C inhibitors (H-7 and calphostin C), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) inducer (forskolin), and cytoskeleton-disrupting agents (cytochalasin B or colchicine). RESULTS: Intercellular gaps (20 to 80 microns in diameter) were markedly increased in number in thrombin-treated cultures in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner and were associated with an alteration in the distribution of F-actin and vinculin. Whereas control cultures showed 3.3 +/- 2.4 gaps/f, incubation with 8 U/ml of alpha-thrombin for 3 hours resulted in 44.8 +/- 15.3 gaps/f. These changes were most prominent shortly after the 3-hour coincubation, but the cultures did return to their original confluent state within 24 hours. Cultures treated with an enzymatically inactive thrombin showed fewer intercellular gaps than those treated with enzymatically active thrombin but had significantly more intercellular gaps than control cultures. Thrombin-induced intercellular gap formation was blocked by preincubation with forskolin (14.6 +/- 7.1 gaps/f), staurosporine (10.2 +/- 5.0 gaps/f), or H-7 (24.5 +/- 9.8 gaps/f). CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to an enzymatically active thrombin results in formation of intercellular gaps between cultured RPE cells. Inhibition of this phenomenon by protein kinase inhibitors and by a cAMP inducer suggests that this effect is mediated, at least in part, through protein kinase C- and cAMP-dependent pathways. Thrombin generation associated with intraocular hemorrhage may thus result in direct damage to the RPE monolayer, possibly via the same pathway(s).
1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine↗
[Psycho-educational approach for hyperactive children].
There are two significant psychoeducational methods as therapeutic approach for hyperactive children. The one, a method of assessing hyperactivity, is the behavioral modification technique. The other, which is further contrary to the first, is a neuropsychological procedure. We investigated the following behavioral features in terms of the second method, such as equilibrium abilities, tactile defensiveness and vestibular-proprioceptive processing. Concerning the psycho-educational therapy for hyperactive children with developmental disabilities, it is very important to promote the improvement of such potentialities as integrative abilities by means of multisensory stimulation. Then, it will needed further to plan the treatments that modulate the functional relationship between sensory input and behavioral output. The focus of these treatments is put on improving the neural organization and promoting the adaptive behavior of hyperactive children.
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
[Study on decision support system for the interpretation of laboratory data by an artificial neural network--with a special reference to estimation for histological diagnosis of liver diseases with laboratory data on liver function].
An artificial neural network (ANN) was trained on laboratory data of liver function tests to estimate for histological diagnosis in patients with liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and fatty liver. ANN diagnosed accurately 95.3% of the cases for training and 50% of the test cases. Elimination of ZTT, GOT or A/G ratio from the data set for input reduced the ability of accurate diagnosis, whereas elimination of TBA raised this ability to 66.7%. On the other hand, accuracy of physician in diagnosing the test cases ranged from 20.8 to 62.5%. From our results it is expected that ANN may support a physician's decision on the interpretation of laboratory data.
Algorithms↗
[Successful treatment of advanced gastric cancer (Borrmann 1 type) with FTP chemotherapy after reduction surgery].
A 54-year-old man was diagnosed with Borr 1 type gastric cancer, located just below ECJ with some paraaortic lymph node metastase, during treatment of diabetes mellitus at another hospital. He underwent spleno-total gastrectomy for reduction. The metastatic lymph nodes of the para-aorta were not resected, so the surgery was considered palliative. We administered FTP chemotherapy (CDDP 110 mg/day 1, 5-FU 1,200 mg/day 1-5, THP-ADM 30 mg/day 1) 5 times following surgery. The metastatic lymph nodes were remarkably decreased in size by the initial treatment. The decrement was 52.4% after the initial treatment (PR). After the 4th treatment, there were no lymph nodes detected (CR). After the 5th treatment, CR continued. The PR period was considered to be 5 months, and that of CR 4 months. The patient has no renal or heart dysfunction, and no suppression of bone marrow. His quality of life is satisfactory, and he continues to work as prior to surgery. FTP chemotherapy is considered a successful regimen for postoperative chemotherapy.
Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
[A case of intrathoracic meningocele associated with neurofibromatosis].
A rare case of intrathoracic meningocele associated with neurofibromatosis was reported. A 47-year-old female was admitted to our institute because of an abnormal shadow on chest X-ray. The chest X-ray film showed homogenous opacity with a well defined margin in the right apex. Chest CT showed an enlarged intervertebral foramen and defect of the vertebral arch around the tumor. There was no scoliosis. Though preoperative diagnosis was dumbbell type neurinoma, the tumor was found to be a protrusion of dura mater with spinal fluid out of the spinal canal, covered by thickening tumorous tissue. Part of the wall was excised and the residual opening was carefully repaired and wrapped by the pedicled parietal pleura. Retrospectively, MRI showed characteristic findings of intrathoracic meningocele. The tumorous part of it was diagnosed as neurofibroma on histological examination.
Female↗
Human dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase: cDNA cloning and localization on chromosome 14q24.2-q24.3.
We isolated cDNA for dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase from a human fibroblast cDNA library in lambda gt11. The cDNA revealed that the human dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase lacked a sequence motif of an E3 and/or E1 binding site. This suggests that the human dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase possesses a unique structure consisting of two domains in contrast with the dihydrolipoamide acyltransferases of other alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes. In addition, we found that the human dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase gene is located on chromosome 14 at q24.2-q24.3 and that a sequence related to the dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase gene is located on chromosome 1 at p31. Interestingly, the gene for the dihydrolipoamide acyltransferase of the branched chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex is also located on chromosome 1p31 (Zneimer et al. (1991) Genomics 10, 740-747).
Acyltransferases↗
An unspliced cDNA for human dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase: characterization and mapping of the gene to chromosome 14q24.2-q24.3.
Abnormality of the dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase gene may be a cause of familial Alzheimer's disease linked to chromosome 14q24.3. However, the locus of the dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase gene on this chromosome was uncertain. An unspliced cDNA of about 2.3 kb for human dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase was isolated. This cDNA contained three exons and four introns and the nucleotide sequences at the 5' donor and 3' acceptor sites of all introns conformed to the gt-ag rule. The amino acid sequences of the three exons support our previous observation that human dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase lacks a sequence motif for an E1 and/or E3 binding site. The unspliced cDNA was mapped only on human chromosome 14q24.2-q24.3 by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Thus the dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase gene is concluded to be located on human chromosome 14q24.2-q24.3.
Acyltransferases↗