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Biomedical subjects

T Sakaguchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Sakaguchi.

424 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
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Gastric acid secretion controlled by oestrogen in women.

Gastric acid outputs were measured and related to plasma oestradiol concentrations in women. An inverse relationship between the acid output and the oestradiol concentrations was detected regardless of the stage of the menstrual cycle. It was also noted that the acid output was reduced in a dose-dependent manner after oral administration of conjugated oestrogen and that the response was partially blocked by atropine sulphate. These findings suggest that oestrogen participates in the control of gastric acid secretion in women and that a cholinergic action is involved in the mode of action.

Administration, Oral↗
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Prostaglandin E1 increases indocyanine green disappearance rate in patients with chronic liver disease.

The plasma disappearance rate of indocyanine green was examined after prostaglandin E1 administration in 11 patients with chronic liver disease. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence (n = 6) or absence (n = 5) of liver cirrhosis. Indocyanine green (0.1 mg/kg) was introduced as an intravenous bolus 5 min after prostaglandin E1 administration and the disappearance rate of indocyanine green (ICG-K) was determined by a finger-monitoring method. Saline was injected as the control. Prostaglandin E1 administration increased ICG-K, and this response was dose dependent when the prostaglandin E1 dose ranged from 0.01 to 0.05 micrograms/kg/min. When ICG-K after prostaglandin E1 relative to the ICG-K after saline (the control) was defined as the ICG-K ratio, the ICG-K ratio in the liver cirrhosis group was higher than that in the group without cirrhosis. These findings suggest that prostaglandin E1 increases the ICG-K of patients with chronic liver disease, and that this is strongest in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Alprostadil↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Orally administered ginseng extract reduces serum total cholesterol and triglycerides that induce fatty liver in 66% hepatectomized rats.

The effects of ginseng extract (from the root of Panax ginseng) on factors inducing fatty liver were examined in 66% hepatectomized rats. Oral administration of ginseng extract at 125 or 250 mg/kg/day produced statistically significant reductions in total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the blood 3 days after hepatectomy (P<0.05); the total cholesterol response appeared to be dose-related. Administration of ginseng extract at both doses also reduced total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the liver 3 days after hepatectomy. Food intake and serum chemistry parameters indicating liver and kidney function were unchanged after ginseng administration except for the lipid metabolic parameters. These observations suggest that orally administered ginseng extract can suppress the formation of fatty liver after hepatic resection.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of p73 in colorectal carcinoma: clinicopathological relevance.

p73 gene expression and its correlation with clinicopathological variables were examined in 92 patients (53 male, 39 female; age range 38 - 89 years) with colorectal carcinoma. Gene expression was determined by immunohistochemical analysis of resected formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded carcinoma specimens. When p73 staining of each specimen was divided into two modes (small expression, 0-50% and large expression, > 50%), small expression of p73 was obtained in most cases. Tumour, grade, stage, site and size did not correlate with the mode of expression, but tumour recurrence differed according to mode. Expression of p73 was also related to prognosis: large expression indicated a shorter survival period. Our findings suggest that p73 expression plays a role in inducing tumour recurrence, and that analysis of the expression is useful in evaluating the clinical course of colorectal carcinoma post-surgery.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma in a renal transplant patient--report of a case and literature review.

A 45-year-old woman underwent hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma developing after 2 renal transplants. She had a solitary hepatocellular carcinoma and central bisegmentectomy of the liver was performed. Administration of immunosuppressants was continued to maintain renal function in the perioperative period. Although our patient suffered from severe pneumonia postoperatively, she recovered without a decline in renal function. She has been alive for 1 year and 3 months after hepatectomy with hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence in the remnant liver. Any patient undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma after renal transplantation should be managed as an immunocompromised host. Previously reported cases of hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma in renal transplant recipients were reviewed.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
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Predicting initial recurrence pattern of esophageal cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: No report has reviewed which clinicopathological factors including 3-field dissection and the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy can predict the recurrence pattern of an esophageal carcinoma. The aim of this study was to reveal clinicopathological predictors for the initial recurrence pattern of a thoracic esophageal carcinoma. METHODOLOGY: Sixteen parameters derived from 98 patients who underwent a curative esophagectomy with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for a squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus were examined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Thirty-seven (37.8%) of the 98 patients had recurrences (hematogenous; 16, lymphatic; 13, others; 8). Univariate analyses revealed that the completion of 3-field dissection was the only factor for suppressing the lymphatic recurrence (P = 0.009; odds ratio: 0.2). Multivariate analyses showed that the number of positive nodes was a significant predictor for recurrence including all modalities (P = 0.02; odds ratio: 1.2) and both the number of positive nodes (P = 0.04; odds ratio: 1.1) and the poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.02; odds ratio: 6.9) were significant predictors for the hematogenous recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The number of positive nodes and the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy could predict the hematogenous recurrence of esophageal carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Indication of splenectomy for gastric carcinoma involving the proximal part of the stomach.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The role of splenectomy in the surgical management of gastric carcinoma is controversial and there is no consensus of opinion regarding the therapeutic value of splenectomy. The aim of this study was to search for possible metastasis to lymph nodes in the splenic hilum or along the splenic artery to avoid unnecessary splenectomy and to determine its indication. METHODOLOGY: The clinical records of 204 patients who underwent total gastrectomy combined with splenectomy for gastric carcinomas involving the proximal part of the stomach were analyzed. RESULTS: The incidence of nodal involvement to the splenic hilum and/or along the splenic artery was 49 (24.0%) of 204 gastric carcinomas involving the proximal part of the stomach that underwent combined gastrectomy and splenectomy. The characteristics of gastric carcinoma with metastasis to these nodes included a larger tumor, deeper penetration (T3, 4 tumors), a number of lymph node metastasis, and infiltrative type. In T2 cases, all the tumors with cancerous involvement to these nodes showed intraoperative gross serosal change). When the tumor size was less than 40 mm, nodal metastatic rate to the splenic hilum and/or along the splenic artery was very low. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, splenectomy should be conducted in T2 cases with gross serosal change and T3, 4 cases. With regard to tumor size, in the cases with a tumor whose size was less than 40 mm, it is possible to preserve the spleen in most cases. In the near future, splenectomy should be clarified precisely by randomized trials in advanced gastric carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differential diagnosis of small round cervical lymph nodes: comparison of power Doppler US with contrast-enhanced CT and pathologic results.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to differentiate reactive small round lymph nodes (SRLNs) from metastases by power Doppler ultrasonography (PD-US) and contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Both PD-US and CE-CT were performed in 99 cervical lymph nodes (LNs) with a maximum diameter of 1.5 cm or smaller and maximum longitudinal/transverse ratio of 1.5 or smaller in 76 patients with head and neck cancer. At pathologic examinations, 45 were reactive and 54 were metastatic LNs. The vascular patterns on PD-US were classified as hilar, avascular, peripheral, and miscellaneous vascular patterns. The enhancement patterns on CE-CT were classified as homogeneous, heterogeneous, and ring enhancement. RESULTS: On PD-US, the hilar pattern was more frequently associated with benignancy (91%) and the peripheral, miscellaneous vascular pattern with malignancy (91%). The avascular pattern included both benign (58%) and malignant (42%) LNs. On PD-US, accuracy was 85%. On CE-CT, ring enhancement showed metastasis (100%), and these LNs showed avascular or peripheral patterns on PD-US. On CE-CT, accuracy was 77%. When information on CE-CT results was added to PD-US results, the accuracy rate increased significantly, to 94% (p=0.01). CONCLUSION: Vascular patterns evaluated with PD-US and enhancement patterns on CE-CT can characterize SRLNs. For an avascular pattern on PD-US, information on CE-CT results can significantly increase the accuracy of characterization.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Is upper mediastinal lymphadenectomy necessary in squamous carcinoma of the lower thoracic oesophagus?

AIM: We examined the indication of upper mediastinal lymphadenectomy for a squamous cell carcinoma of the lower thoracic oesophagus. METHODS: 49 patients underwent a curative oesophagectomy with upper mediastinal lymphadenectomy for a squamous cell carcinoma of the lower thoracic oesophagus. Node status and clinicopathological characteristics of these patients were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: 16 (94.1%) of 17 patients with superficial tumours had no positive node in the upper mediastinum. Nine (29.0%) of 31 patients with transmural tumours had positive nodes in the upper mediastinum (P = 0.04). Ten (20.4%) of 49 patients had many positive nodes in the upper mediastinum. Of these 10 patients, 6 patients had 5 or more positive nodes in all. The 5-year survival rate for patients with 5 or more positive nodes was 7.7%, which was significantly poorer than patients with 4 or fewer positive nodes. CONCLUSIONS: Upper mediastinal lymphadenectomy is unnecessary in most of the superficial squamous carcinomas of the lower thoracic oesophagus.

Aged↗