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T Saida

Publications and source records attributed to T Saida.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Increased susceptibility of human fetal astrocytes to human T-lymphotropic virus type I in culture.

Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) has been considered as an agent responsible for tropical spastic paraparesis and HTLV-I associated myelopathy. However, the pathogenesis of the diseases remains unclear. In a previous study we demonstrated that HTLV-I could infect adult human astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in vitro, although the rates of infected cells were low, at a rate of 0.1% and 0.01-0.05% respectively. Since mother-to-child transmission has been proposed as one of the major pathways for the prevalence of HTLV-I endemic, in the present study we investigated the susceptibility of human fetal astrocytes to HTLV-I in culture. After two days of co-culturing fetal brain cells with irradiated MT-2 cells (an HTLV-I-producing T-cell line), immunofluorescence staining revealed many positive astrocytes for HTLV-I p19 antigen. Multinucleated giant cells doubly immunoreactive to glial fibrillary acidic protein and HTLV-I antigen were frequently observed and showed a characteristic feature of hairy or fluffy external appearance. The percentage of infected astrocytes became as high as 19.4% at Day 21 of co-culture and then decreased. Electron microscopic examination revealed type C virus-like particles in astrocytes. These results indicate that human fetal astrocytes are more susceptible to HTLV-I infection than adult human astrocytes in tissue culture.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1991

Long-term effects of mass screening for neuroblastoma in infancy.

Eighty-four neuroblastoma patients were treated at the Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, during the 27 years from 1962 to 1988. They were divided into three groups: 35 cases in phase 1, the 12 years before mass screening from 1962 to 1974; 22 in phase 2, the 8 years after the onset of mass screening by a qualitative vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) test from 1974 to 1982; and 27 in phase 3, the recent 6 years from 1983 to 1988, after the introduction of mass screening by quantitative assay for VMA and homovanillic acid using high performance liquid chromatography. The clinical findings of these patients were compared for each phase. In Kyoto, the number of annual neuroblastoma cases diagnosed under 1 year of age increased from 0.58 in phase 1 to 1.50 in phase 2 and 3.17 in phase 3. The number of cases over 2 years of age decreased from 2.00 in phase 1 to 0.88 in phase 2 and 1.00 in phase 3. Survival rates increased from 17.1% (six of 35) in phase 1 to 54.5% (12 of 22) in phase 2 and 85.2% (23 of 27) in phase 3. The annual number of neuroblastoma deaths decreased from 2.42 in phase 1 to 1.25 in phase 2 and 0.67 in phase 3. Mass screening for neuroblastoma in infancy has increased the long-term survival rates of neuroblastoma cases treated at this hospital.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Cellular immunoregulatory mechanisms in the central nervous system: characterization of noninflammatory and inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytes.

Dual-label flow cytometric analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood lymphocytes with combinations of monoclonal antibodies such as CD4 plus CD45R or Leu8, and CD8 plus CD11b was performed in 37 patients with noninflammatory neurological diseases (NINDs) to clarify the differences in cellular immunoregulatory mechanisms present in the central nervous system (CNS) and in the systemic circulation. In the CSF of patients with NINDs, the paucity of CD4+CD45R+ and CD8+CD11b+ cells was striking, whereas the same subsets accounted for substantial proportions in the blood. CD4+CD45R- and CD4+Leu8- cells as well as CD8+CD11b- cells increased in the CSF when compared with those in the blood. Seven patients with active multiple sclerosis (MS) and 10 patients with other inflammatory diseases in the CNS (CNS-infl) were also studied. Patients with active MS were characterized by a consistent increase in percentage of CD4+CD45R- cells in the CSF, whereas an increase of CD4- CD45R+ cells in the CSF was a feature of the patients with CNS-infl, when compared with patients with NINDs. These findings indicate that the CNS is routinely surveyed by particular subsets of lymphocytes different from those in the blood, and cellular immune reaction in the CNS varies according to the types of CNS inflammatory conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical detection of heterophile Hanganutziu-Deicher antigen in human malignant melanoma.

The Hanganutziu-Deicher (HD) antigen is a heterophile antigen whose immunodominant molecule is N-glycolylneuraminic acid, a sialic acid that cannot be found in normal tissues of either humans or chickens. Using biotinylated chicken anti-HD antibody purified with affinity chromatography, expression of HD antigen was immunohistochemically investigated in formalin-fixed tissues of human malignant melanoma. HD antigen-positive melanoma cells were clearly demonstrated in 7 of 11 lesions of malignant melanoma. No HD antigen-positive cells were found in 8 lesions of melanocytic nevus, and no components of normal human skin including epidermal melanocytes were stained with the antibody. This study is the first that immunohistochemically demonstrates HD antigen in tissue sections of human malignant melanoma. The expression of the HD antigen in transformed human melanocytes may have great immunological significance because the antigen is absent from normal human tissues and is immunogenic in humans.

Antigens, Heterophile↗
PubMed1990

Clinical guidelines for the early detection of plantar malignant melanoma.

Of 144 pigmented lesions excised from the soles of Japanese patients, 140 were melanocytic. Apart from congenital melanocytic nevi, only a few benign acquired melanocytic nevi on the sole were more than 7 mm in maximum diameter and none exceeded 9 mm. In contrast, all plantar malignant melanomas, including malignant melanoma in situ, were 9 mm or more in maximum diameter. In addition, the majority of plantar melanocytic lesions excised from patients who were older than 50 years of age were malignant melanoma. On the basis of these data, we propose clinical guidelines for the early detection of plantar malignant melanoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Detection of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease using the polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization.

Thirty-one cases of Hodgkin's disease were examined for the occurrence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of DNA in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues and in situ hybridization technique. The cases were subdivided into 17 cases of nodular sclerosis (NS), nine cases of mixed cellularity (MC), four cases of lymphocyte predominance (LP), and one case of lymphocyte depletion (LD). EBV DNA was detected in eight cases including four cases of NS, three cases of MC and one case of LP. The sensitivity of PCR was higher than that of Southern blot hybridization of DNA from fresh frozen tissue, because Southern blot hybridization using the BamHI-W fragment of EBV detected virus DNA only in two of three cases which were positive by PCR. The results of in situ hybridization studies confirmed that EBV genome was localized within the nuclei of Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells and their mononuclear variants. Furthermore, double-labeling studies combining in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry using CD30 (BerH2) and CD15 (LeuM1) as markers of RS cells, as well as pan B-marker (L26) and pan T-marker, CD45RO (UCHL1), were performed to demonstrate the phenotype of EBV DNA-positive cells, confirming that EBV DNA was present in RS cells but not in lymphocytes. The results of this study indicate a significant association between EBV and some cases of Hodgkin's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Guidelines for histopathologic diagnosis of plantar malignant melanoma. Two-dimensional coordination of maximum diameters of lesions and degrees of intraepidermal proliferation of melanocytes.

Detection of early lesions of malignant melanoma is highly important for the improvement of the prognosis. However, diagnosis of early malignant melanoma is not easy and is often discordant even among expert dermatopathologists. In this study, we propose guidelines for the histopathologic diagnosis of plantar malignant melanoma and malignant melanoma in situ on the sole. They are formulated with two-dimensional coordination of maximum diameters of the lesions and degrees of intraepidermal proliferation of solitary-arranged melanocytes. The guidelines are simple and reproducible, and surely contribute to the accurate diagnosis of early plantar malignant melanoma.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1989

Clinical and histopathologic characteristics of early lesions of subungual malignant melanoma.

Twenty-one Japanese cases of subungual malignant melanoma were investigated clinically and histologically. In the majority of the cases, the initial sign of the disease was confirmed to be melanonychia striata. Five cases of Clark's Level I melanoma were found in the series. Melanonychia striata had appeared as the initial sign in these five cases. Melanonychia striata is frequently observed in persons who are not white and is attributed to various local and systemic causes. Detailed clinical analysis of the five cases of early subungual melanoma showed that melanonychia striata with the following characteristics may increase the risk of early subungual melanoma developing: it is noticed during adulthood, it is broader than 6 mm, it is brownish with variegated shades or homogenously black, and it is accompanied by periungual pigmentation (Hutchinson's sign). Detection of early lesions of subungual melanoma is beneficial not only for the improvement of prognosis, but also for the preservation of the affected phalanx.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

In vivo CNS demyelination mediated by anti-galactocerebroside antibody.

The mechanism of antibody-mediated central nervous system (CNS) demyelination in vivo was studied using rabbit eyes. Injection of anti-galactocerebroside (Gal C) antiserum alone into the normal rabbit vitreous body induced demyelination in the epiretinal myelinated fibers. This activity of the antiserum disappeared after heat treatment at 56 degrees C for 30 min and was restored by supplement of normal fresh serum, suggesting the complement dependency of the activity. Heated anti-Gal C antiserum could induce demyelination, however, when macrophages were introduced by injecting lymphocyte supernatants together with antiserum. Electron microscopic study revealed penetration of macrophage process between the myelin lamella. These findings suggest that the cooperation of anti-Gal C antibody and macrophage can result in the antibody-dependent cell-mediated demyelination in the absence of complement. Because oligodendrocyte generally appeared normal, myelin, not oligodendrocyte is suspected to be the primary target by anti-Gal C antiserum. In contrast, neither anti-MBP nor anti-gangliosides antiserum had the in vivo-demyelinating activity. In CNS demyelination by anti-Gal C antibody, complement-mediated and macrophage-mediated mechanisms may cooperate in varying degrees.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Malignant melanoma in situ on the sole of the foot. Its clinical and histopathologic characteristics.

This clinical and histologic study of 122 macular melanocytic lesions on the soles of the feet of Japanese subjects revealed ten in situ malignant melanomas. Clinically, the lesions were broad pigmented macules or patches with asymmetric, angular, irregular shapes, and notched borders. The lesions appeared brownish black, and most were variegated from tan to black. The largest diameters were greater than or equal to 9 mm. The demargination of most lesions was not even; that is, one part of the lesion border was vague while another part was sharp. Histologically, an increased number of atypical melanocytes, mainly arranged as solitary units, were observed within the epidermis. Intraepidermal nests of melanocytes were found in five cases. The great majority of malignant melanomas in non-Caucasians affect acral regions--especially the sole of the foot--so, to improve their prognosis, the characteristics of malignant melanoma in situ on the sole must be elucidated.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Human and simian glial cells infected by human T-lymphotropic virus type I in culture.

Although human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) has been implicated in the etiology of tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) and HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM), the direct infectivity of the virus against constituent cells in the central nervous system remains undetermined. To investigate the neurotropism of HTLV-I, we exposed cultured human and simian glial cells to HTLV-I. Primary mixed glial cell cultures of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes were obtained from adult human and cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) brains by an enzyme digestion-Percoll gradient method. After two weeks in vitro, the cells were co-cultured with irradiated MT-2 cells, an HTLV-I-producing T-cell line. Cultures were double stained with antibodies against cell-type specific markers and anti-HTLV-I p19 (gag) monoclonal antibody. The HTLV-I antigen was demonstrated in small numbers of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells (astrocytes) and galactocerebroside-positive cells (oligodendrocytes) in both the human and simian cultures. Electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of type C virus-like particles in the cytoplasm of astrocytes. These results indicate that HTLV-I is capable of infecting human and simian glial cells in vitro.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cisplatin combination chemotherapy in squamous cell carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma of the skin.

Seven patients with skin cancers, six with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and one with adenoid cystic carcinoma, were treated with cisplatin in combination with vindesine or adriamycin. Partial response was observed in three patients with squamous cell carcinomas: two cases with metastatic lung lesions and one with a primary skin lesion and lymph node metastasis. Two of the responding SCC had been resistant to previous chemotherapy, including peplomycin and mitomycin C. Multiple metastatic lesions of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the skin completely regressed after two courses of the combination chemotherapy with cisplatin and adriamycin. This report showed that cisplatin combination chemotherapy may be useful for the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, which is resistant to peplomycin, and adenoid cystic carcinoma of the skin.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Establishment of a human dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans cell line: cytological characteristics.

We established a dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) cell line derived from a DFSP tumor from a 69-year-old female. The population doubling time of the cells was about 45 hours. The cells were mostly round, although a few triangular or spindle-shaped cells were also found. They could not be transplanted into nude mice. These cells had some histiocyte characteristics which are not observed in fibroblasts: 1) Electron microscopically, there were more lysosomes and phagolysosomes than in fibroblasts. Dense bodies and myelin figures derived from lysosomes were also observed. 2) Staining with acid phosphatase (ACPase), esterase, and alpha-1-antitrypsin was positive. 3) The cells had C3 receptors but no Fc receptors. However, there were two differences between DFSP cells in the established line and those in the early stages: in the former, the capacity for immunophagocytosis (Fc receptors and phagocytosis of Candida albicans) and collagen synthesis were almost entirely absent.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Bowen's disease with invasive carcinoma showing sweat gland differentiation.

A 75-year-old Japanese woman presented an erythematous macular lesion on the flexor aspect of her left wrist. A reddish nodule, 4 mm in diameter, was observed at the medial portion of the macule. The macular lesion was histologically confirmed to be a typical Bowen's disease. The nodular lesion was composed of intradermal solid nests of bowenoid neoplastic cells, and in some areas of the dermal component, prominent gland-like structures were observed. Immunohistochemically, most neoplastic cells of the intradermal solid nests were positive with S-100 protein, and the cells lining the gland-like structures along with amorphous material within the lumens were positive with carcinoembryonic antigen. Judging from these findings, this case was diagnosed as Bowen's disease with invasive carcinoma, whose dermal component showed sweat gland differentiation not only morphologically but also immunohistochemically.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

HLA-DP antigens and HTLV-1 antibody status among Japanese with multiple sclerosis: evidence for an increased frequency of HLA-DPw4.

Previously, an association between multiple sclerosis (MS) and HLA-DPw4 has been reported in Scandinavians. In the present study, the distribution of HLA-DP antigens was studied in 34 Japanese MS patients, all of whom fulfilled the criteria for definite MS. HLA-DP typings for DPw1 through w6 and the local specificity, CDP-HEI, were performed using the primed lymphocyte typing (PLT) technique. In addition, the patients were typed for a DR2+, Dw2+/Dw12- related, PLT defined specificity. The distribution of DPw1-w5 in 121 healthy, unrelated Japanese controls were from Nishimura et al., 1984; Nishimura, personal communication). Sera from all 34 patients and 38 controls (both from the HTLV-1 nonendemic, Kyoto region) were examined for the presence of HTLV-1 reacting antibodies by a highly sensitive radioimmuno assay (RIA) using two sources of HTLV-1 antigens, namely total crude protein preparations from disrupted HTLV-1 virions and affinity purified p24 HTLV-1 core proteins. The frequency of DPw4 was significantly increased to 35.3% in Japanese MS patients compared to 16.5% in controls (Relative Risk, RR = 2.8, p = 1.9 x 10(-2)). 41.6% of the MS patients gave clear typing responses with a PLT reagent which recognized a Dw2+ related specificity, which is higher than the frequency of Dw2 (6.8%) in Japanese. Fourteen of the 34 patient sera contrasting to none of the sera from 38 controls contained antibodies of IgG and/or IgM subclasses reacting with the HTLV-1 derived antigens. This difference is highly significant (P less than 1 x 10(-5)).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Vimentin-positive squamous cell carcinoma arising in a burn scar. A highly malignant neoplasm composed of acantholytic round keratinocytes.

Two patients had unusual squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising in a burn scar. The SCCs rapidly recurred and metastasized after radical operation, and the patients died of disseminated metastases. Histopathologically, the SCC was poorly differentiated and consisted of acantholytic round cells that diffusely proliferated into the deep dermis. However, small, solid nests composed of squamoid cells were focally observed. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that the acantholytic round neoplastic cells expressed not only keratin but also vimentin, and the coexpression was substantiated with double immunostaining. Vimentin-positive SCC composed of acantholytic round neoplastic cells may be a highly malignant subset of cutaneous SCC.

Burns↗