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Biomedical subjects

T S Pillay

Publications and source records attributed to T S Pillay.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Plasmacyte-reticulum cell satellitism in multiple myeloma associated with amyloidosis.

A novel morphological feature is described in a patient with myeloma and associated amyloidosis: characteristic clustering (satellitism) of neoplastic plasma cells around macrophages in bone marrow aspirates. Although described in myeloma cell culture, as far as is known, this is the first description of this phenomenon in a patient. This unique association may partly explain the origin of amyloid deposition in tissues and organs.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Insulin-stimulated serine/threonine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor: paucity of threonine 1348 phosphorylation in vitro indicates the involvement of more than one serine/threonine kinase in vivo.

Immunoaffinity-purified insulin receptors were used to analyse and compare the serine/threonine sites phosphorylated on the insulin receptor in vitro (isolated receptor) with the insulin-stimulated phosphorylation in vivo (intact cells in culture). In vivo, insulin-stimulation resulted in the appearance of three phosphoserine-containing phosphopeptides and a distinct phosphothreonine peptide (threonine 1348). In vitro, similar phosphoserine peptides were observed but the phosphothreonine peptide was absent. These results indicate that multiple serine sites are phosphorylated in vivo and in vitro and that an additional protein kinase mediates insulin-stimulated insulin receptor threonine phosphorylation in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Multisite serine phosphorylation of the insulin and IGF-I receptors in transfected cells.

Serine phosphorylation of insulin/IGF-I receptors in transfected fibroblasts was analysed by peptide mapping. PMA stimulated the phosphorylation of 5 distinct insulin receptor phosphopeptides: a single major phosphothreonine peptide containing Thr-1348, one major and 3 minor phosphoserine peptides. The major insulin-stimulated phosphoserine peptides were the same as those after PMA, with the exception of 2 minor phosphoserine peptides. PMA stimulated phosphorylation of a single major IGF-I receptor phosphoserine peptide which was phosphorylated to a lesser extent after IGF-I. We conclude that insulin/IGF-I and PMA stimulate phosphorylation of the same sites, but differ in the extents of phosphorylation.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance.

This review discusses recent advances in understanding of the structure and function of the insulin receptor and insulin action, and how these relate to the clinical aspects of insulin resistance associated with non-insulin-dependent diabetes and other disorders. Improved understanding of the molecular basis of insulin resistance could ultimately lead to a better understanding of the causation of these conditions and the design of rational therapy to ameliorate them. Here, particular attention is devoted to the initial events that follow the binding of insulin to its receptor, including changes in insulin receptor phosphorylation. Receptor-mediated insulin resistance may be a consequence of various factors including increased serine/threonine phosphorylation of the receptor with decreased tyrosine phosphorylation, receptor desensitization, auto-antibodies to the receptor and inherited structural defects in the insulin receptor. Defects in insulin action could also arise at post-receptor events particularly glucose transport. Other circulating hormones, such as the newly characterised islet amyloid polypeptide (amylin), may also cause insulin resistance.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2↗
PubMedDate not supplied

TURBOLYTIK: a peptide cleavage program for personal computers.

A microcomputer program that simulates the cleavage of polypeptides by various chemical and enzymic means is described. The program is written in Turbo Basic, a new dialect of Basic, and is compiled to run on personal computers using the MS-DOS operating system. The program generates all the possible cleavage fragments that can arise when a protein of known primary structure is cleaved at susceptible sites. The output also provides the estimation of the molecular weights, the charge per molecule at a given pH and a prediction of the isoelectric point. The program is designed to facilitate the easy selection of suitable proteolytic methods in protein chemistry, identification of peptides on a peptide map generated by conventional means or in mass spectra obtained from mass spectrometry. The program will find use in laboratories attempting to define posttranslational covalent modifications on protein molecules or exclude frame-shift errors in the deductions of primary structures from cDNA clones.

Algorithms↗