Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Ruutu

Publications and source records attributed to T Ruutu.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Erythroid and granulocyte-macrophage colony formation in myelodysplastic syndromes.

Colony formation by haematopoietic progenitors from the bone marrow was studied in 44 patients with a myelodysplastic syndrome. Erythroid progenitors BFU-E and CFU-E were cultured in methyl cellulose, and granulocyte-macrophage precursors CFU-GM in agar. 3 of 32 patients showed normal numbers of BFU-E colonies; in all the other cases the number of these colonies was below the normal range. CFU-E colony formation was subnormal in all cases. 23 of 44 patients grew normal numbers of colonies and clusters in CFU-GM cultures. These patients had refractory anaemia with ring sideroblasts (FAB-classification) or 5q-karyotype anomaly in the marrow. Patients lacking both of these findings exhibited reduced colony formation or excessive growth of colonies and/or clusters, with few exceptions. In conclusion, we found that erythroid colony formation was defective in all cases. Normal granulocyte-macrophage colony formation was associated with refractory anaemia with ring sideroblasts or the presence of 5q- karyotype anomaly.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Abnormalities of chromosome 13 in myelofibrosis.

19 patients with myelofibrosis, primary or following polycythaemia vera were studied cytogenetically. Bone marrow cells, unstimulated and stimulated cells from peripheral blood were investigated. 7 patients were found to have clonal aberrations, 3 of whom had a structural rearrangement of chromosome 13. In 2 additional cases single mitoses with 13q- were found. Reviewing the files on patients previously studied in our laboratory, 2 more patients with 13q- markers were noted. Both had had haematologic disorders in which fibrosis of the bone marrow can be found, but this feature could not be evaluated retrospectively, because no biopsies had been taken. Our data and those found in the literature suggest that rearrangements of 13q12----q22 are often associated with myelofibrosis, both in its primary form or following polycythaemia vera.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Immunological monitoring of bone marrow transplant recipients. I. Major leucocyte subclasses in the blood.

In the recipients of an allogeneic HLA-identical sibling transplant the blood leucocytes were reconstituted within 3 to 4 weeks but the level of lymphocytes remained low throughout the observation period of 20 weeks. Of the different lymphoid cell subsets, the large granular lymphocytes (LGL) reconstituted fastest, followed by DR-expressing lymphocytes. The reconstitution was accompanied by a significant lymphoid blastogenesis in the blood. The frequency of OKT4 and OKT8 lymphocytes was initially low; the number of OKT8-positive lymphocytes reached normal levels by the 6-8th week whereas the number of OKT4-positive lymphocytes and, consequently, the OKT4/8 ratio remained low. The responses to the T mitogens, phytohaemmagglutinin and concanavalin A, were strongly suppressed. Only a few significant changes were observed before and during acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD): the frequency of LGL, lymphoid blasts and OKT8-expressing lymphocytes was depressed before aGVHD and the frequency of lymphoid blasts remained depressed throughout the episode. We conclude that reproducible changes occur in the leucocyte subset frequencies during reconstitution, but the characteristic changes prior to and during aGVHD are not particularly prominent and hardly of diagnostic use.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Chromosome 1q+ in erythroid and granulocyte-monocyte precursors in a patient with essential thrombocythemia.

A 55-year-old man with essential thrombocythemia had multiplication of bands q21 to q32 of chromosome 1 in all studied mitoses from bone marrow, from unstimulated blood, and from erythroid and granulocyte-monocyte colonies grown in vitro. The multiplication was in the form of triplication in 16 out of 20 mitoses from the marrow and in 4 of 6 mitoses from the blood; the rest showed a duplication of this region. All 20 mitoses from erythroid and granulocyte-monocyte colonies showed the abnormality in the form of duplication. These findings indicate most probably a clonal evolution, the triplication having arisen in the clone with the duplication. This may be associated with early leukemic transformation. The detection of the 1q+ aberration in two different types of hematopoietic colonies indicates the involvement of multipotent stem cells in at least this patient with essential thrombocythemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Clonal karyotype abnormalities in erythroid and granulocyte-monocyte precursors in polycythaemia vera and myelofibrosis.

To determine whether clonal karyotype abnormalities seen in myeloproliferative disorders originate in cells of only one or of more blood cell lines, committed erythroid and granulocyte-monocyte progenitor cells were cultured in vitro by the methyl cellulose assay, and chromosome studies were carried out on the colonies. 3 patients were studied, 1 with polycythaemia vera and 2 with myelofibrosis, which was preceded by polycythaemia vera in 1 of the cases. All analysable karyotypes from both erythroid and granulocyte-monocyte colonies in every patient showed the clonal karyotype aberration which had been demonstrated in the bone marrow or blood of the patient. This finding is evidence of the involvement of a multipotent stem cell in the clonal proliferation of these diseases.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Haematopoietic progenitors in essential thrombocythaemia.

Colony formation by haematopoietic progenitors from the bone marrow and blood of 4 patients with essential thrombocythaemia was studied in vitro using the methyl cellulose assay. 3 patients had clearly elevated numbers of BFU-E in bone marrow. 1 patient also had markedly increased numbers of CFU-E and CFU-GM, whereas the other patients had only marginally increased or normal numbers of these progenitors in the marrow. 3 patients showed markedly increased numbers of all progenitors in peripheral blood. All 4 patients showed spontaneous erythroid colony formation by progenitors from the bone marrow and 2 had spontaneous colony formation by progenitors from the blood. We conclude that essential thrombocythaemia shows abnormal colony formation in line with other myeloproliferative syndromes.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Peripheral blood cells in the study of chromosome aberrations of patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia or myelofibrosis.

Chromosome studies were performed on peripheral blood (PB) cells with and without stimulation, and/or on bone marrow (BM) cells from 21 patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), and 18 patients with myelofibrosis (MF). Our results show that almost all the patients with immature granulocyte precursors in PB also had mitotic cells in their unstimulated PB. In CML all unstimulated mitoses had the Philadelphia chromosome. In each patient the abnormal karyotype in the PB was the same as in the BM. Because of the high frequency of dry taps in myelofibrosis, the tissue of choice for chromosome study is peripheral blood.

Blood Cells↗
PubMed1982

The Finnish leukaemia group: levamisole in maintenance therapy of acute myeloid leukemia in adults.

The Finnish Leukaemia Group has carried out a randomized, multicenter trial to study the effect of levamisole on the remission maintained with 6-mercaptopurine and methotrexate in acute myeloid leukaemia in adults. Levamisole was given on 3 consecutive days every 2 weeks. Twenty-five patients received only chemotherapy, while 26 patients received levamisole as well. The patients receiving levamisole showed significantly better remission duration than those given only chemotherapy (P = 0.033, Mantel's summary chi 2-text). There are four long term survivors in the levamisole group versus none in the chemotherapy group. The remissions have lasted 48-75 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Circulating haematopoietic progenitors in myelofibrosis.

We studied circulating erythroid and granulocyte-monocyte progenitors in 18 patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis and in healthy controls, using the methyl cellulose assay. 9 of the patients had been splenectomized prior to the study. The median number of circulating erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E) was 8 times higher than that of the controls. 12 patients also had CFU-E (colony-forming unit, erythroid) in the blood. 10 patients had spontaneous BFU-E colony formation, and 8 patients had spontaneous CFU-E colony growth. Granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (CFU-GM) were increased 47 times compared to the controls. There were no differences in colony numbers between splenectomized and non-splenectomized patients. We conclude that in myelofibrosis, circulating erythroid and granulocyte-monocyte progenitors are usually markedly increased in number, but erythroid precursors to a lesser extent than granulocyte-monocyte precursors. Many patients, but not all, show spontaneous erythroid colony formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The 5q- chromosome in preleukaemia and acute leukaemia.

13 patients with the 5q- chromosome are described. In 6 patients the 5q- chromosome was the sole aberration. 10 patients had preleukaemia, 1 a preleukaemia-like syndrome after treatment of polycythaemia vera, a 2 acute myeloid leukaemia. The prognosis was especially poor in terms of survival in preleukaemic patients with 3 or more affected chromosomes: none of these 6 patients survived for more than 6 months. In 4 patients the haematological picture resembled 'the 5q- syndrome'. In the long arm of chromosome No 5 deletions of 3 different kinds were detected. They were named according to the size of the 5q- marker: the short type (10 patients), the intermediate type (1 patient) and the long type (2 patients). There was no clear correlation between the clinical picture and the type of deletion. While the break points cannot always be exactly defined, our data and those reviewed from the literature suggest that the loss of a segment of regions 5q2 or 5q3 is common to all or most deletions.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Defective neutrophil migration in monosomy-7.

The migration in vitro of neutrophils from six patients with monosomy-7 or partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 7 was studied by two methods: the Millipore filter assay and the migration under agarose assay. Four of the patients had preleukemia, one had subacute myelomonocytic leukemia, and one polycythemia vera. In four patients, chemotaxis (migration towards a higher concentration of chemoattractant) and chemokinesis (stimulated migration without a gradient) were shown to be defective by both methods. In the remaining two patients, this defect could be demonstrated only by the Millipore filter assay or by the agarose assay. Under agarose, random locomotion (no chemoattractant present) of the patients' neutrophils was less than that of the control subjects in four patients, whereas no clear difference could be shown by the Millipore filter method. This study demonstrates that the previously described defect of neutrophil migration in monosomy-7 involves not only chemotaxis but all stimulated migration and, at least in some patients, random locomotion as well. Defective migration in two patients with an apparently terminal deletion of the long arm of one chromosome 7 indicates that the distal half of 7q carries genetic material important for neutrophil locomotion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Aplastic anemia].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1978

Collection, cryopreservation and subsequent viability of haemopoietic stem cells intended for treatment of chronic granulocytic leukaemia in blast-cell transformation.

We have stored at -196 degrees C peripheral blood buffy coat (BC) and bone marrow (BM) cells collected from 47 patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia in the chronic phase. Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) 10% was used as cryoprotective agent. As these cells include CFUc and probably pluripotential stem cells they may be transfused as part of the management of patients who enter blast cell transformation. The mean numbers of nucleated cells collected and stored per procedure was about 9 times greater for BC collections than for BM harvests (106 +/- 49 (SD) X 10(9) versus 11.9 +/- 6.6 X 10(9) respectively). Agar CFUc assay showed that stored cells may remain viable for up to 5 years. Since in vitro studies showed that CFUc proliferation is not inhibited by low concentrations of DMSO the removal of all DMSO during cell reconstitution before transfusion may not be necessary. If autologous BC cells are capable of repopulating the BM of patients treated for CGL in blast cell transformation the routine collection and storage of BC rather than BM cells may be desirable for all newly diagnosed patients.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMed1978

Granulocyte-committed progenitor cells in the blood of patients with myelosclerosis.

Granulocyte-committed progenitor cells (colony-forming units, CFUc) in the blood of 10 patients with primary myelosclerosis and 2 patients with myelosclerosis following polycythaemia vera were assayed by the agar culture technique. The mean number of CFUc was 54.1 +/- 109 (SD) (range 1.4--394) x 10(6)/1 which corresponded to an increase of more than 1000-fold above normal levels. There was a linear relationship of CFUc with total leucocyte count in the different patients. The magnitude of this increase resembles that found in untreated patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia and is therefore in keeping with the concept that the concentration of CFUc in the circulation is due to a primary increase in their number and not to disordered release from the marrow.

Aged↗