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Biomedical subjects

T Rogers

Publications and source records attributed to T Rogers.

80 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Children with spina bifida perceive visual illusions but not multistable figures.

We compared 32 children with spina bifida and 32 age-matched controls on two classes of illusory perception, one involving visual illusions and the other, multistable figures. Children with spina bifida were as adept as age peers in the perception of visual illusions concerned with size, length, and area, but were impaired in the perception of multistable figures that involved figure-ground reversals, illusory contours, perspective reversing, and paradoxical figures. That children with spina bifida reliably perceive illusions that rely on inappropriate constancy scaling of size, length, and area suggests that their brain dysmorphologies do not prevent the acquisition of basic perceptual operations that enhance the local coherence of object perception. That they do not perceive multistable figures suggests that their visual perception impairments may involve not object processing so much as poor top-down control from higher association areas to representations in the visual cortex.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dysplasia of the corpus callosum in identical twins with nonketotic hyperglycinemia.

Nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH) is an autosomal recessively inherited disorder of the glycine degradation pathway leading to accumulation of glycine in body fluids and tissues. Identical twins with nonketotic hyperglycinemia and dysplasia of the corpus callosum are described in support of the hypothesis that some patients with NKH have a genetic defect of the glycine degradation pathway resulting in abnormal corpus callosal development. It is important to screen for metabolic defects whenever similar structural defects are present.

Agenesis of Corpus Callosum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and recruitment, retention, and health improvements in a worksite health promotion program.

BACKGROUND: Recruitment, retention, and success in a worksite health promotion program was examined among various demographic groups of employees (n = 11,830) of the Dallas, Texas Independent School District. METHODS: Enrolled employees (n = 3,873) were given a health screen consisting of health habit assessment, measurement of clinical variables, physical fitness testing, and a medical examination. RESULTS: Thirty-three percent of employees were successfully recruited into the program. Recruitment rates were virtually identical for men and women (32% and 33%, respectively), but varied across ethnic, age, and education groups. Blacks, younger employees, and noncollege graduates were less likely to be recruited. Sixty-nine percent of the employees were retained in the program, as defined by participation in the second screen, and women were more likely to be retained than men (71% versus 64%, respectively). Retention rates throughout the 10-week program were higher for whites and Hispanics, and were virtually identical for each age group and education level. Overall, participants in the program showed an improvement in physical fitness and general well-being, lost weight, and smoked less. These changes were relatively consistent across the various demographic groups. DISCUSSION: Data suggest demographic characteristics are related to recruitment and retention in a health promotion program.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing: a culturally diverse profession in a monocultural health system.

Drawing on data from two recent surveys, this paper explores the ethnic diversity of the nursing profession in Victoria, overseas qualification patterns and evidence of discrimination and prejudice. The paper addresses the need to nurture and value ethnic diversity in the profession.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Toward the development of self-help health behaviour change programs: weight loss by correspondence.

The goal of this study was to evaluate a correspondence weight control program, and to assess the impact of three program elements (weekly homework, interim weigh-ins, and participation deposits) individually and in combination. All treated participants received 15 weekly standard lessons by mail. Three program features were varied factorially: a) homework assignments, b) interim weigh-ins and c) a deposit refunded contingent on returning homework and/or attending interim weigh-ins. Participants were assigned randomly to active treatment conditions or a delayed treatment control group. Among treated males (N = 14), initial average weight loss and BMI reduction were 9.6 kg and 3.1 respectively; average net weight loss and BMI reduction at one year follow-up were 5.8 kg and 1.9 respectively. Among treated females (N = 128), initial average weight loss and BMI reduction were 3.1 kg and 1.2 respectively; average net weight loss and BMI reduction at one year were 2.3 kg and .88 respectively. Women in all treated groups, except lessons only, showed a greater BMI reduction than untreated controls at the end of treatment. Women in conditions including both homework and interim weigh-ins had greater initial BMI reductions (M = 1.6) than those who received lessons only (M = .76). At one year, net BMI reductions were comparable across all treated groups. Of the 42 women initially registered in conditions that included both homework and weigh-ins, 12 who denied joining other programs lost at least 4.5 kg (M = 7.1) during treatment, and 7 had a net loss of at least 4.5 kg (M = 8.0) at one year without apparent involvement in any other program.

Adult↗