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Biomedical subjects

T Robak

Publications and source records attributed to T Robak.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Progress in biology and the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia].

Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) is a distinct subtype of acute myeloid leukaemia distinguished by the presence of a balanced chromosomal translocation: t(15; 17). The most characteristic clinical manifestation of this disease is the presence of a haemorrhagic syndrome associated with an abnormal coagulation profile. In the last few years significant progress in the understanding of the biology of this leukaemia and its treatment has been done. In particular, the breakpoint on chromosome 17 has been localized within the retinoic acid receptor alpha locus while the breakpoint on chromosome 15 has been localized within a new gene named PML. In contrast to the other acute myeloid leukaemia subtypes APL shows high response rate to induction monochemotherapy with anthracycline drugs and with all-trans retinoic acid.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15↗
PubMed1992

Effect of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression.

We have studied the efficacy of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) in stimulating haematopoiesis of patients with chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression. Ten patients with various myeloid and lymphoid neoplasias were treated daily with a single subcutaneous dose of rhGM-CSF (5 micrograms/kg/day), for a period of 5-10 days, after receiving highly myelotoxic chemotherapy. The treatment increased the white blood cell count (WBC) in nine of ten patients, primarily because of an increase in the number of neutrophils. Increase in bone marrow myeloid precursor cells, and myeloid to erythroid cell rations accompanied the white-cell response. In spite of this, five patients demonstrated rapid platelet recoveries, and in two patients erythrocyte levels increased after GM-CSF treatment. No toxicity was encountered with the cytokine therapy. Although rhGM-CSF was shown to stimulate haematopoiesis in patients with chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression, additional studies are needed to assess whether the use of GM-CSF will reduce chemotherapy-associated morbidity and improve response rates and survival among patients with neoplasias.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

The influence of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rh-TNF alpha) on granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (CFU-GM) and clonogenic leukaemic blasts (CFU-L) in cultures in vitro.

We investigated the influence of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alfa (rh-TNF alpha) on the clonal growth of CFU-GM from 14 normal individuals and clonogenic blasts (CFU-L) from 16 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) in semi-solid cultures in vitro. Recombinant human TNF was produced by the Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences (Lódź, Poland) as a lyophylized powder. This factor was added to the culture medium at the concentrations of 10, 100, 1000 U/ml. A dose-dependent growth inhibition of CFU-GM and AML CFU-L was observed. The inhibitory effect of rh-TNF alpha was significantly greater on CFU-L than CFU-GM.

Colony-Forming Units Assay↗
PubMed1992

Transient eosinophilia in a patient with hairy-cell leukaemia treated with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine.

Eosinophilia may be associated with various pathologic states such as malignant disorders, atopic and parasitic diseases, certain infections, as well as drug reactions. We describe a case of a 48-year-old patient who was submitted to a single-course therapy with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine because of hairy-cell leukaemia and previously did not respond to splenectomy. After the treatment marked transient eosinophilia appeared which preceded the achievement of complete remission. It is supposed that eosinophilia might have been caused by the release of cytokines from damaged leukaemic cells.

Cladribine↗
PubMed1992

[Use of interferon in the treatment of chronic myeloproliferative disorders].

Clinical trials have shown that interferon (IFN) have myelosuppressive effects that can help reduce the uncontrolled clonal growth of hematopoietic cells in myeloproliferative disease. There are at least four diseases that are considered to be myeloproliferative disorders: chronic myelogenous leukemia, myelofibrosis polycythemia vera and idiopathic thrombocythemia. Recombinant IFN alpha has shown promise in inducing haematological and cytogenetic remission in some patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. The exact role of IFN in prolonging the life of CML patients, however, remains to be determined in larger studies of longer duration. Preliminary evidence suggests that in myelofibrosis it may be more efficacious in the cellular than in fibrotic or osteosclerotic phase. IFN alpha has been reported to be of value in controlling excess platelet production in chronic myelogenous leukemia and idiopathic thrombocythemia as well as in reducing of red cell mas in polycythemia vera.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1992

[Prognosis in chronic myeloid leukemia].

The clinical course of patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) is very heterogenous. Survival is determined by the timing of disease transformation. A patient's risk of transformation can be defined, but the time when it will occur can not be predicted. A number of features recorded at the time of diagnosis correlate significantly with survival and can serve as prognostic parameters. Conventional therapy has not achieved a substantial delay in the universally fatal outcome of the disease. Allogenic or syngenic bone marrow transplantation to individuals with CML is at present the only treatment with a curative potential.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Antileukemic effects of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (rh-TNF alpha) with cyclophosphamide or methotrexate on leukemia L1210 and leukemia P388 in mice.

We investigated the influence of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (rh-TNF alpha) administered as a single agent or in combination with cyclophosphamide (CY) or methotrexate (MTX) on the survival time of mice inoculated with lymphoblastic leukemia L1210 or lymphatic leukemia P388. The median survival time of leukemia L1210 bearing mice treated with rh-TNF alpha at doses ranging from 200 to 275 g/kg in daily i.p. injections was longer than that of control animals. Groups of mice with leukemia L1210 receiving rh-TNF alpha combined with either MTX or CY lived longer than animals treated with these agents individually. We observed only slight prolongation of life of animals inoculated with this tumor and treated with rh-TNF alpha at dose of 800 micrograms/kg in four injections on 2, 4, 6 and 8 day of experiment, and no effect when rh-TNF alpha was administered at dose of 200 or 400 micrograms/kg at the same treatment regime. In contrast no significant differences in lifetime were obtained from either simultaneous or sequential treatment of mice bearing leukemia P388. Groups of mice with this tumor treated with rh-TNF alpha in conjunction with either MTX or CY lived longer than controls, or rh-TNF alpha singly treated mice, but their survivals were not significantly prolonged compared with mice receiving cytostatics alone.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Progress in biology and therapy of aplastic anemia and other conditions of bone marrow failure].

The new aspects in the pathogenesis of aplastic anaemia and others acquired states of bone marrow aplasia as well as congenital defects of the marrow stem cells have been reviewed. Role of immune mechanisms, viruses, chemical and irradiation exposure in the etiology and pathophysiology of bone marrow failure is presented. The new achievements in the treatment of aplastic anaemias including bone marrow transplantation, antilymphocyte globulin, cyclosporin A, high doses of 6-methyl prednisolone and recombinant haemopoietic growth factors are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The effect of lithium chloride on granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (CFU-GM) and clonogenic leukaemic blasts (CFU-L) in the cultures in vitro.

The influence of lithium chloride on the proliferation of normal granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (CFU-GM) and clonogenic blasts (CFU-L) from patients with acute myeloid leukaemia in the semisolid cultures in vitro was investigated. It was observed that while lithium chloride with the concentration of 2 mmol/l increases the number of CFU-GM colonies, it does not increase the number of CFU-L colonies and clusters. Our studies indicate that lithium salts can be used for the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia after intensive chemotherapy.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1991

[Hematopoietic growth factors].

In the paper the role of interleukin-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), in the proliferation and differentiation of haemopoietic cells and pathogenesis of leukaemia are reviewed. Role of erythropoietin, thrombopoietin and other thrombopoiesis-stimulating factors in the development of hematopoietic is presented. Potential applications of recombinant haemopoietic growth factors in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes. AIDS and other haematologic, infections and neoplastic disorders are also discussed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

[Late results of the treatment of advanced Hodgkin's disease by the MOPP/COPP programs (chlormethine or cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisone)].

The results of the treatment with MOPP/COPP program for 114 patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease are presented. Complete remission has been achieved in 74 patients (65%). Thirty four of them (30%) are still remaining in first remission. The relapse of disease was observed in 37 patients, in 16 of them during first 24 months of follow-up. Three patients were lost of observation. The analysis of these unsatisfactory long-term results suggests that more effective management policies for patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease are needed.

Adolescent↗