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Biomedical subjects

T Rahko

Publications and source records attributed to T Rahko.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

New clinical finding in vestibular neuritis: high-frequency audiometry hearing loss in the affected ear.

Twenty-one patients with established vestibular neuronitis were examined otoneurologically and audiologically. High-frequency audiometry up to 20,000 Hz was performed on all the patients. In 17 cases a high-frequency hearing loss was greater in the ear with vestibular neuritis. The mean hearing loss difference varied from 14 dB to 24 depending on the frequency. Our results reveal that in most cases of vestibular neuritis there are no isolated vestibular lesions, but most cases also involve an auditory end-organ lesion. This finding is in unison with the anatomic conditions of the cochlea and the vestibular end-organ.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Transdermal scopolamine for peripheral vertigo (a double-blind study).

Transdermal scopolamine medication has been evaluated in 30 cases of acute peripheral vertigo. The double blind study revealed favourable effects, e.g. in Menière's disease. The best compromise between effect and side-effects was one active medication patch. The side-effects were those described for scopolamine, such as blurred vision and dryness of the mouth. Transdermal scopolamine seems to offer an alternative form of medication in acute peripheral vertigo.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1984

Audiological and vestibular findings in 219 cases of meningitis.

The audiological and electronystagmographic follow-up results of 219 children with different forms of meningitis are presented. The findings for hearing loss are roughly comparable with those of earlier reports. There have been no previous systematic studies on children with meningitis. Our electronystagmographic results show continuous nystagmus, evenly distributed in different aetiological groups, in 26 patients (12%), directional preponderance in 11 patients (5%) and canal paresis in three patients (1.5%). Disconjugate eye movements indicating a possible brain-stem lesion were observed in seven patients (3%). Eye movements were registered individually for both eyes. None of our patients had clinically significant vertigo. The electronystagmographic findings did not appear with hearing loss, indicating that vestibular disorders may develop independently. Our results support the view that electronystagmography should be performed routinely on every child who has had meningitis.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1984

Optokinetic nystagmus.

Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN), one of the phenomena examined in order to analyse balance and sight disturbances, is manifest in two types: The cortical and the subcortical OKN. Their main distinction is in the velocities. They are also transmitted via different nervous pathways. This paper introduces a method to record the OKN of the two eyes individually. While joint OKN-recordings of both eyes together may mask disturbances of one eye, the separate recordings could reveal them. The discussion deals with applications of OKN-examination to ergophthalmology e.g. in cases of industrial solvent intoxications.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1983

A method to break the cognitive barrier between a deaf child and a hearing parent.

A deaf child actively uses about 1000 concepts in common with the hearing world. The rest of his up to 10,000 concepts belong to sign language and cannot be accurately translated into written language. This makes it difficult for the deaf to understand a normal written text, especially its abstractions. We have developed a new communication system in order to break the barrier between the hearing and the deaf. In this system a deaf child speaks with a writing hand-piece terminal through an FM route to a small unlimited text-to-speech synthesizer carried by the parent. The parent answers similarly to a 48-grapheme alphanumerical display carried by the child on a rack in front of him. The parent's unit with a speech synthesizer weighs about 2 kg and its size is about 7 X 20 X 25 cm; the size of the child's unit is one half of that and it weighs, with the display, 2 kg. Even a 4-year-old child carries the apparatus easily; nevertheless a still lighter unit is under construction. The system takes the learning process to everyday situations and makes it possible for a deaf child to converse in the normal written and spoken language. Thus, his concept capacity in the spoken language can be increased.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Audiological and vestibular findings in long-term hormonal treatment.

93 patients receiving long-term hormonal treatment at the Hormonal Outpatient Clinic of the Department of Gynecology were examined audiologically and electronystagmographically. The patients had different hormonal disturbances including Turner's syndrome. Electronystagmography showed normal values with the exception of lower slow-component speeds in Turner syndrome patients and a shift of all directional preponderances to the left. Audiologically 13% showed pathological values in the filtered speech test. This phenomenon may be partially connected to a central gnostic hearing lesion. More studies on sensitized speech tests are necessary in patients using steroid hormones.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The cochlear component in operated otosclerosis after a mean period of 16 years. A follow-up study.

107 patients operated on for otosclerosis were studied after an average of 16 years after the operation. The mean age-corrected bone thresholds measured after the postoperative stabilization period and at the follow-up examination did not differ significantly. Our results support the opinion that, in cases of operated otosclerosis, the sensorineural component follows the clinical course of presbyacusis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Speech audiometry by a speech synthesizer. I. A preliminary report.

A preliminary report on speech test results with a portable, text-to-speech synthesizer is presented. The differentiation scores achieved at speed 80 words/min vary. So far the best mean differentiation scores in normal material are 75%. The increase of the presentation level improves the differentiation score, as does the decrease of word speed and training. The future and present uses of this system are discussed. These include: devices for the handicapped, e.g. to produce speech for the mute, man-machine communication through speech in industry control, data processing systems and uses in audiological diagnostics. The study is continued.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Carbamazepine in the treatment of objective myoclonus tinnitus.

Three patients have had objective clicking tinnitus which was demonstrated by using impedance audiometry. Additionally EMG studies to localize the contracting muscle were performed, and EEG recordings to find the possible focal cortical activity. One patient had central nervous degenerative lesions. Carbamazepine was given as the treatment. The results are encouraging: in all cases the clicks have almost totally disappeared, making normal living possible. When medication was discontinued, the symptoms reappeared.

Adult↗