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Biomedical subjects

T R Varma

Publications and source records attributed to T R Varma.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

A comparison of three dosages of prostaglandin E2 pessaries for ripening the unfavourable cervix prior to induction of labor.

A study was planned to evaluate the effect of Prostaglandin E2 pessaries in three different dosages in ripening the unfavourable cervix prior to the induction of labor. A single dose of PGE2 as pessary in the three different dosages was administered into the posterior vaginal fornix to ripen an unfavourable cervix with a Bishop score less than or equal to 4 in 101 primigravid and 79 multigravid patients. The pessary containing 2 mgm was as effective as 3 mgm and 5 mgm PGE2 pessary in ripening the cervix, and the outcome of labor and fetal status were similar with the different dosages of PGE2. However, two multigravid patients who received 5 mg of PGEs pessary and one multigravid patient who received 3 mg of PGE2 pessary developed hypertonic uterine activity. None of the patients who received 2 mg PGE2 pessary developed any adverse effect on uterine activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Effect of oestrogen replacement therapy on blood coagulation factors in postmenopausal women.

Natural oestrogens "Premarin", (Ayerst, conjugated equine oestrogens) "Harmogen", (Abbott, piperazine oestrone sulphate) and "Progynova" (Schering, oestradiol valerate) alone and in combination with proestational agents such as "Primolut N", (Schering, norethisterone) "Neogest", (Schering, norgestrel), "Norgeston", (Schering, levonorgestrel), "Duphaston" (Duphar, dydrogesterone) did not have adverse effects on clotting factors. One patient developed deep vein thrombosis following treatment using "Progynova" (oestradiol valerate) alone and a second patient suffered from mild myocardial infarction following the use of "Premarin" (conjugated equine oestrogens) alone.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1983

Induction of labor with vaginal prostaglandin E2 pessaries.

Prostaglandin E2 vaginal pessaries (3 mg) were compared with conventional amniotomy and oxytocin infusion as a method of induction of labor in 160 patients in the study group compared with 160 in the control group. Each group consisted of 100 primigravidae and 60 multigravidae. When the features of labor, delivery and fetal status were analyzed for the study and the control groups, the patients who received PGE2 pessaries had a better outcome. The difference was more significant for those patients with a low Bishop score. Compared with controls, the PGE2-treated patients had fewer cesarean sections either for failed induction or fetal distress (P less than 0.01); the incidence of infants with low Apgar score was significantly less (P less than 0.05) and there were fewer postpartum haemorrhages (P less than 0.01).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The correlation between LH determination in the urine (Hi-Gonavis) and serum LH, FSH, oestradiol, progesterone, prolactin levels, and vaginal cytology at midcycle.

Radioimmunoassays (RIA) of serum gonadotrophins, prolactin, oestradiol, and progesterone were carried out from day 10 to 20 in 25 normal women for two cycles. In addition, we measured LH in urine twice daily using semiquantitative Hi-Gonavis kits. Finally, vaginal cytology was assessed daily in order to find out the optimum time for conception. LH in serum, as well as in urine, increased significantly at midcycle and so did FSH, prolactin, oestradiol, and the cornification index. Hi-Gonavis showed a significant increase 12 hours prior to the day of ovulation (day 0). The levels reached the peak on the day of ovulation and remained high 12 hours after the peak level on day 0. For the evaluation of the optimum time for conception in normal women who receive artificial insemination, or to improve fertility in those who have irregular ovulatory cycles, determination of the urinary LH by means of Hi-Gonavis appears to be useful, reliable, and economic, both in time and expense.

Estradiol↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of the use of Proluton-Depot (hydroxyprogesterone hexanoate) in early pregnancy.

This study evaluates the effect of treatment with Proluton-Depot (hydroxyprogesterone hexanoate) in early pregnancy, and the final outcome of pregnancy and fetal status. One hundred and fifty patients received intramuscular injection of Proluton-Depot from 6 weeks to 8 weeks to 16 weeks to 18 weeks gestation. The outcome of this treated group was compared with a similar number of 150 patients with similar problems, but the second group received no hormonal treatment. There was no evidence to suggest that Proluton-Depot had any adverse effect on the infant or the final outcome of pregnancy.

17 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate↗
PubMed1982

Serum uric acid levels as an index of fetal prognosis in pregnancies complicated by pre-existing hypertension and pre-eclampsia of pregnancy.

The relation of perinatal mortality to plasma-urate concentration and blood pressure was studied in 200 patients with pre-existing hypertension and 200 patients with pre-eclampsia of pregnancy. Perinatal mortality was markedly increased when maternal plasma-urate concentrations were raised, generally in association with severe pre-eclampsia of early onset or superimposed on pre-existing hypertension. Maternal hypertension, even severe, without hyperuricemia was associated with good prognosis for the fetus. When there was hyperuricemia, the prognosis for the fetus was poor irrespective of the level of blood pressure. Pre-eclampsia of pregnancy was associated with high perinatal mortality rate when compared with the rate in pre-existing hypertension. This study suggests that serum urate is a reliable index of fetal welfare when pregnancy is complicated by pre-eclampsia and pre-existing hypertension.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1982

Determination with Hi-Gonavis of luteinizing hormone levels in urine compared with those in plasma.

Hi-Gonavis, an immunological luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotrophin (LH/hCG) test kit, was used to measure the periovulatory LH excretion in the urine of 25 patients over two cycles. The LH plasma levels was simultaneously determined by radioimmunoassay. The lower detection limit of Hi-Gonavis is 12.5 i.u. of LH/l of urine. Urinary LH levels of 50 i.u./l were associated with plasma levels of at least 12 i.u./l. Such values were found usually on the day before the mid-cycle peak of LH. The pre-ovulatory increasing plasma LH levels correlated closely with the urinary values. The urinary LH level reflects that in plasma; the Hi-Gonavis method can be used to predict the occurrence of ovulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Amniocentesis in early pregnancy using free-hand needle technique under ultrasonic control.

A study of 164 patients who had amniocentesis using free-hand needle technique under ultrasonic control showed that the rate of abortion was only 2.9% following single puncture as compared with 4.5% following multiple puncture. Only 1.2% had an abortion when the amniotic fluid was clear, whereas 2.4% had an abortion when the amniotic fluid was colored brown. Only 4 of 8 miscarriages (2.43%) may be related to previous amniocentesis since this occurred within 3 weeks following the procedure. The overall perinatal mortality rate in this group was 2.44% though only one of 164 (0.6%) may be attributed to amniocentesis. One baby (0.6%) had talipes equinovarus.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1981

Post-traumatic complications of arachnoid cysts and temporal lobe agenesis.

Six patients with arachnoidal cysts of the middle cranial fossa who presented with raised intracranial pressure are described. All of them had a history of trauma though in two of them it was a remote incident. They all showed radiological changes of an expanded middle cranial fossa and temporal lobe agenesis. The relationship of trauma to these congenital lesions is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The implication of a low implantation of the placenta detected by ultrasonography in early pregnancy.

Ultrasonic scanning in the first and early in the second trimester of pregnancy showed a high incidence (18 per cent) of possible placenta previa. A placenta which reached onto the internal cervical os but did not cover it in early pregnancy was found to be in the upper segment at a repeat scanning in the third trimester. The placenta which covered the internal cervical os either partially or completely was associated with a higher incidence of bleeding, abortion and placenta previa which was confirmed at repeated ultrasonic examination and at delivery.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Total maternal urinary estrogen excretion and estrogen/creatinine ratio as placental function tests.

Five hundred patients with complications of pregnancy who were thought to be at risk of intrauterine growth retardation had serial paired maternal 24-hour total urinary estrogen levels measured and random estrogen/creatinine ratios determined until within three days of delivery. The correlation between the random estrogen/creatinine ratio and the incidence of intrauterine growth retardation, presence of fetal distress in labor and a low Apgar score was found to be as good as the correlation between total maternal urinary estrogen excretion levels and fetal weight and status.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1979

Ultrasound assessment of fetal growth.

Consecutive ultrasonic measurements of the fetal head area, thorax area, abdomen area, head/thorax (H/T) area ratio and head/abdomen (H/A) area ratio were obtained from 100 patients with a normal pregnancy and from 186 patients with suspected intrauterine fetal growth retardation. Of all the measurements used, H/A area ratio was found to be most accurate in identifying intrauterine fetal growth retardation predicting 82.9 per cent at 33 weeks and 85.7 per cent at 36 to 38 weeks of gestation. This technique was also found to be useful in distinguishing between the two types of growth retardation. The H/A area ratio was helpful in identifying the growth acceleration pattern of a large baby.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1979

Ultrasound evidence of early pregnancy failure in patients with multiple conceptions.

I report a review of 1500 pregnant patients: 30 of them (or 1 in 50) were thought to have multiple pregnancies when examined by ultrasound in the first trimester. Only 14 of the 30 patients (46.7 per cent) produced live infants: 13 twins and one set of triplets. Twelve (40 per cent) had bleeding in early pregnancy and 11 of these had a spontaneous abortion. Five of seven patients found to have a normal pregnancy and a coexistent blighted ovum, ultimately delivered a single live infant.

Female↗