Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T R Smith.
A unique case of eosinophilic enteritis with predominant serosal involvement and mucosal sparing, ascites and abdominal adenopathy is reported with computed tomography (CT) and barium study correlation. The clinical presentation may mimic lymphoma or granulomatous disease, (e.g. tuberculosis) but peripheral eosinophilia is a strong differentiating point.
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Subcutaneous adipose tissue cell size and density and hormone-sensitive lipase activity were determined during late pregnancy and first lactation in Holstein heifers. Animals were daughters of bulls with either +791 (high line) or +390 (low line) kg Predicted Difference (1974 base) for milk. Each line consumed either a 71%: 29% (high energy) or a 36%:63% (low energy) barley concentrate and alfalfa hay diet from 0 to 140 d lactation. Heifers fed the low energy ration ate 33% less NE1 and produced 20% less milk with 52.7% greater milk fat percentage during 28 to 140 d of lactation than heifers fed the high energy ration. Prepartum, animals of the high line had similar adipocyte volume and density to low line animals. However, during early lactation, high line animals had a greater decrease in volume and a larger increase in density than low line animals. There was a delayed recovery of volume in high line, compared with low line animals in late lactation. Adipocyte volume also was decreased by dietary energy restriction. Hormone-sensitive lipase activity was similar in both genetic lines prepartum and increased in all groups at 60 d postpartum. Animals of high line or fed low energy rations had increased activity per gram during early, but not later, lactation. Activity per cell and per milligram cytoplasm protein increased in all groups in early lactation and were highest in high line animals fed the low energy ration.
The interaction of the mutagen 2-bromoacrolein (2BA) with DNA and thymidine was studied in vitro by reaction of [3-3H]2BA with thymidine, RNA, single-stranded DNA, and double-stranded DNA in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). After purification of the nucleic acids, they were incubated at alkaline pH to convert any (hydroxybromo)propano(deoxy)-guanosine adducts to their dihydroxy analogues. After acid or enzymatic hydrolysis, the hydrolysates were analyzed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. At a concentration of 1.6 mM, the fraction of 2BA that became covalently bound to DNA was 2.3% of the amount added. Only 3% of the radioactivity bound to DNA after extensive purification could be accounted for as cyclic 1,N2-(6,7-dihydroxy)-propanoguanine adducts. More 2BA became covalently bound to single-stranded DNA and RNA as compared with double-stranded DNA. However, high-performance liquid chromatographic analyses showed that formation of cyclic 1,N2-(6,7-dihydroxy)propanoguanine adducts was also a minor reaction with these macromolecules. Because these data showed that other type(s) of reaction(s) are more important in the reaction of 2BA with nucleic acids, we have investigated the reaction of 2BA with other nucleosides. It was found that 2BA reacted well with thymidine in vitro, and the major product was identified by 500 MHz 1H and 75.43 MHz 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and thermospray mass spectrometry as 3-(2"-bromo-3"-oxopropyl)thymidine. This adduct was unstable and decomposed upon storage. After enzymatic hydrolysis of [3H]2BA-modified double-stranded DNA and subsequent analysis of the hydrolysate by high-performance liquid chromatography, 22% of the covalently bound radioactivity to DNA coeluted with decomposition products of the 3-(bromooxypropyl)thymidine adduct. This indicates that reaction of 2BA with this nucleotide in DNA is a major reaction.
A computerized system for appointment scheduling, medical record keeping, medical billing, patient tracking, and epidemiologic data generation was developed and applied in an indigent pediatric otologic clinic. Functions used to augment appointment compliance are 1) notifying the referring physicians, agencies, and health department coordinators of failed appointments and sending medical information on the attended appointments, 2) listing patients who failed appointments, 3) production of mailings for failed appointments, 4) automatic rescheduling of failed appointments, and 5) automatic calculation of patient attendance ratios. The attendance ratio can be used to help identify patients for referral to social service workers and to implement rewards designed to promote medical compliance. The automatic rescheduling of failed appointments resulted in 21% of new patients and 30% of return patients above controls returning for a medical visit. The recalled had much lower economic status than our average clinic patient, ie, the system was effective in reaching the target population.
A case of giant sigmoid colonic diverticulum (GCD) is presented in which plain films showed an unchanging persistent large gas collection that did not opacify on barium enema. The computed tomographic scan revealed the GCD in close apposition to the adjacent sigmoid diverticulosis. Its walls were thin and more irregular than noted on plain films, and there was a suggestion of intraluminal contrast within it.
A case of small intestinal amyloidosis that has a myriad punctate mucosal relief pattern of minute filling defects and barium flecks is presented with pathological correlation. Amyloidosis is added to the differential diagnosis of this radiographic small bowel appearance.
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Three children (two girls and one boy) with bilateral retinoblastoma each developed a presumed rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in one eye. All three eyes had previously received radiation and cryotherapy. In each case the retinal detachment responded promptly to conventional surgical methods via scleral buckling in the area of treated retinoblastoma and presumed retinal break. All three eyes have retained useful vision for follow-up periods of 3.5 to 12 years.
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Rhizoctonia muneratii ATCC 13247 was capable of catalyzing the conversion of 25-hydroxycholesterol to the 3-oxo-4-ene. Hydroxylation at the 6alpha and 6beta positions with the concomitant 3-oxo-4-ene transformation was also observed. The addition of Triton X-100 to the growth medium immediately before steroid addition selectively prevented the appearance of the respective 6alpha-hydroxylated products. The observed conversions were indicative of the utility of microbial transformations in preparing hydroxylated steroids which can be useful for further synthetic modification or for study as pharmacological agents.
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"A new family of migration models belonging to the elimination by aspects family is examined, with the spatial interaction model shown to be a special case. The models have simple forms; they incorporate information flow processes and choice set constraints; they are free of problems raised by the Luce Choice Axiom; and are capable of generating intransitive flows. Preliminary calibrations using the Continuous Work History Sample [time] series data indicate that the model fits the migration data well, while providing estimates of interstate job message flows. The preliminary calculations also indicate that care is needed in assuming that destination [attraction] are independent of origins."
A case is described of a patient found, at operation, to have two infiltrating leiomyosarcomas in the transverse colon. Study indicated them to be two separate primary lesions. Literature on leiomyosarcoma is reviewed.
Crohn's disease of the colon and small bowel is associated with a greater-than-chance increased incidence of adenocarcinoma, which also differs from the norm in age and anatomic distribution. The cancer risk appears to rise with earlier age of onset and long duration of the granulomatous disease, and the prognosis is relatively poor, probably due to difficulty in diagnosis because of the overlapping Crohn's disease. Two additional cases of adenocarcinoma arising in Crohn's disease are described.