Flow rate, pH, and lactobacillus and yeast counts of stimulated whole saliva in adults.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T Parvinen.
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No significant influence of age on the stimulated salivary flow rate or pH was observed in a cross-sectional study of unmedicated adults. The females had a lower output than did the males in every age group. A tendency toward higher salivary counts of lactobacilli and yeasts with aging was observed.
This study demonstrates that the presence of yeast, but not lactobacillus infection, is related to salivary flow rate. Salivary pH is correlated with the primary infection of both lactobacilli and yeasts. The low output of saliva appears to influence the quantity of lactobacilli more than that of yeasts. The flow rate was lower and the presence of yeasts was higher in females than in males.
Duplicate exstrophy is a very rare variant of the exstrophy complex. Treatment is gratifying, because the patients have normal internal urogenital structures. Two different cases of duplicate exstrophy are presented. One is completely similar to the type, described by Marshall and Muecke, of which now 9 cases have been reported. It is suggested that the other, together with 4 earlier reported cases, belongs to a different type of duplicate exstrophy. The embryological mechanism responsible for this type is probably a coincidence of 1) duplication of cloacal structures and 2) exstrophy of one of the bladders.
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