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Biomedical subjects

T Osaki

Publications and source records attributed to T Osaki.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the submandibular gland.

A rare tumor not easily classifiable among published histologic categories for salivary gland tumors is reported. The neoplasm developed within the submandibular gland of a 78-year-old woman with invasion of the mandible and metastasis to regional lymph nodes. Histopathologically, cuboidal cells possessing clear cytoplasm and displaced round nuclei proliferated and exhibited an adenomatous pattern. Many cystic spaces surrounded by tumor cell strands were seen, mucus substance filled in the cystic spaces, and the tumor cells seemed mucus-secreting, but neither epidermoid cells nor papillary appearance could be observed. Electromicroscopically, numerous mucous droplets of low electron density were prominent in the cytoplasm, and the tumor cells had sparse irregular microvilli on the luminal surface. Mucin histochemistry, including paradoxical concanavalin A staining, revealed that the tumor cells contained neutral and acid mucins, and these were identified as class II and III mucosubstances. No other neoplastic lesion, except recurrent metastatic neck nodes, has been detected 6 years after the first examination, and it seems that the tumor is a rare primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the submandibular gland.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1990

[Immunological investigation of lymph node metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinomas].

Oral squamous cell carcinomas were studied in regard to lymph node metastasis (LNM). Relations between LNM and the mode of cancer cell invasion, basement membrane (BM) deposition, epidermal growth factor-receptor (EGF-R) on tumor cells, stromal lymphocyte infiltrates, and immunologic parameters such as natural killer (NK) and interferon (IFN) activity were investigated. In 76 carcinomas, 26 cases (34.2%) exhibited LNM. LNM was rare in limiting invasion type (grade 1 and 2), but LNM was occasional in grade 3 invasion (11/29), and extremely prominent in diffusely invasive type of grade 4C and 4D (6/10 and 4/5, respectively). Tumors showing sufficient BM deposition were poorly metastatic (only 5 tumors had positive lymph nodes in 30 cases showing sufficient BM deposition which was immunohistochemically delineated with type IV collagen), while tumor having limited BM deposition were highly metastatic (12 in 16 tumors). Weakly infiltrated carcinomas with Leu 2a+ cells exhibited generally limited laminin existence in BM, and these carcinomas were more metastatic. Furthermore, EGF-R was more expressed on tumor cells with LNM than cells without LNM. There was no significant differences between NK activities of patients with LNM (32.9 +/- 18.3%) and without LNM (37.2 +/- 16.3%). Cases having activities of less than 17.2% (mean-2SD in healthy controls) were more frequent in metastatic group (7/19) when compared with non-metastatic group (4/33). IFN activities in sera were significantly different between metastatic group (4.2 +/- 3.1 IU/ml) and non-metastatic one (9.5 +/- 7.0 IU/ml. From the above, LNM may be more accurately diagnosed by these immunologic investigations.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1990

[Enhanced cytotoxicity of antineoplastics by interferon].

Cytotoxicities of bleomycin (BLM), vincristine (VCR) and adriamycin (ADM), and influence of interferon (IFN) on their effects were examined on three tumor cell lines of HeLa, HSG (established from human submandibular gland) and Muko cells (derived from mucoepidermoid tumor of the upper jaw). Both human natural interferon beta (IFN beta) and recombinant interferon gamma (IFN gamma) exhibited anticellular activities. Antiproliferative action, and DNA and protein synthesis inhibition of each anticancer drug on tumor cells were enhanced by a few hrs' IFN (100 IU/ml) pretreatment. In these, DNA synthesis inhibition was more exaggerated. Cooperative IFN effects were additive in general while showing slight synergistic inhibitory action on DNA synthesis. Enhanced in vitro cytotoxic effects of the anticancer drugs by IFNs were similarly identified in tumor cell-inoculated nu/nu mice which were treated twice a week with locally injected IFN gamma and antineoplastics. Proliferation of inoculated tumor cells was significantly suppressed by IFN gamma, and a cooperative effect of the IFN and drugs was obtained. Concentrations of intracellular anticancer drugs were heightened by IFN pretreatment. From these results, IFN seemed to contribute to the enhanced anticellular effects of BLM, VCR and ADM by affecting cellular uptake of the drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical staining of infiltrates in oral lichen planus.

Immunohistochemical examination of lymphocyte and accessory cell infiltrates was performed in 24 cases of oral lichen planus using a double staining technique. The major population of the superficial stromal lymphocytes was T cells which were mostly composed of dominant CD 4+Leu8- (helper T cells) and lesser numbers of CD 8+11b- cells (cytotoxic T cells). Contrarily, many more CD 8+11b- cells than CD 4+Leu8- cells had infiltrated the epithelium. Some infiltrated T cells expressed interleukin-2 receptor and about half of cytotoxic T cells expressed class II antigen. HLA-DR-positive monocytes were also observed in both the superficial stroma and the epithelium. A number of HLA-DR-bearing CD 1+ cells (Langerhans/dendritic cells) and CD 11c+ cells (macrophages) were observed in the lower layers of the epithelium which were sometimes degenerative. Having significant correlation with the infiltration intensities of subepithelial macrophages and epithelial CD 8+ cells (cytotoxic/suppressor T cells), epithelial Langerhans cells variably infiltrated. Superficial stromal CD 8+ cells correlated with epidermal CD 8+ and CD 4+ cell (helper/inducer T cells) infiltrates. These findings are consistent with the notion that Langerhans cells and macrophages play an important role in antigen presentation, and suggest that cellular immunity, mediated by cytotoxic T cells with helper T cells, may be related to the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1990

Gustatory impairment and salivary gland pathophysiology in relation to oral cancer treatment.

Gustation and salivation were evaluated in 41 patients with oral carcinoma who were treated preoperatively with Peplomycin (PLM) or PLM + 5-FU + 60CO- radiation. Thresholds for sweet, salt, sour and bitter were originally elevated in many patients. Gustatory impairment increased especially with chemo- and radiotherapy. Recovery, however, took place within a year to almost original levels. Salivation was originally not impaired. Resting salivary flow rate (SFR) of the combined therapy group was decreased to half the initial rate, and a 20% decrease of SFR was seen in the PLM group. Corresponding to SFR, 99mTc uptake of the submandibular glands had declined, and salivary viscosity had increased. Salivary gland damage persisted during the study, and appeared irreversible. It was concluded from these results that taste impairment by oral cancer treatment is temporary, while damage to the salivary glands is permanent.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Cellular immunosuppression in oral lichen planus.

Functions of peripheral blood lymphocytes and neutrophils from 30 oral lichen planus (OLP) patients were examined using healthy persons as controls. Two-color flow cytometry of lymphocytes revealed no proportional difference in CD3 or CD4 cells between OLP and controls. CD8CD11b (suppressor T) and CD3HLA-DR+ cell populations increased significantly in OLP when compared with controls, and CD4/CD8 cell ratio decreased in OLP. Mitogenic response of patients' CD8 and CD4Leu8- cells was similar to that in controls. However, weaker blastogenesis of CD4Leu8+ cells, the most excellent responders in T cell subsets, was observed in OLP. Serum IFN beta level in OLP (8.4 +/- 4.8 IU/ml) was significantly lower than in controls (13.7 +/- 5.0 IU/ml) whereas no difference between the two groups could be found in IFN alpha or gamma. As for in vitro cytokine production by IL-2-stimulated lymphocytes, there was no difference in GM-CSF generation between the two groups, but, IFN gamma and IL1 beta production of patients' lymphocytes was less than that in healthy donors (57.6 +/- 50.7 VS 78.7 +/- 39.6 u/ml, 152.3 +/- 93.5 VS 258.7 +/- 65.4 pg/ml, respectively). Moreover, superoxide generation of patients' neutrophils by PMA stimulation was significantly insufficient as compared with controls' (84.9 +/- 30.9 VS 110.8 +/- 24.1 pmol/min/10(4) cells). Nevertheless, natural killer cell activities of both groups distributed in the same range. These results suggest that OLP patients' lymphocyte and neutrophil functions are impaired, and that cellular immunosuppression is a pathologic characteristic of OLP.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical study of jaw cysts: different existence of keratins in odontogenic and non-odontogenic epithelial linings.

Keratins and secretory component (SC) were immunohistochemically examined in fresh tissue samples from 45 odontogenic and 35 non-odontogenic cysts. Lining epithelia of almost all cases contained keratins which reacted with polyclonal antibodies (Dako, Bio-Science), and no difference could be found between the two groups of lesions. By staining with two monoclonal antibodies against keratins, i.e., RGE53 (Bio-Science) and RKSE60 (Bio-Science), it was revealed that the epithelia of non-odontogenic cysts, which were columnar epithelium in most cases, had fully and positively reacted with RGE53, while none of the cases was positive for RKSE60. In contrast, the squamous linings of odontogenic cysts except for two cases did not react with RGE53, and few cases possessed RKSE60-reactive keratin. SC was also contradictory. All non-odontogenic cysts exhibited SC. Regarding each pair of non-odontogenic and odontogenic cysts covered with RGE53 and SC-positive, and RKSE60-negative squamous epithelium, it seemed reasonable from the staining results to conclude that the squamous linings were metaplastic from the columnar epithelium. Based on the results, concomitant examinations of SC with keratins will be helpful in deciding the epithelial derivation of jaw cysts.

Dentigerous Cyst↗
PubMed1990

Histochemical studies on irradiated and obstructive human submandibular glands. Protein distribution and lectin-binding in the degenerative glands.

Immunohistochemical protein distribution of alpha-amylase (Am), lysozyme (Ly), cytokeratinin (CK), S-100 protein (S-100) and secretory component (SC), and lectin-binding (SBA and UEA-I) profiles were studied in 10 obstructive and 20 irradiated human submandibular glands which were surgically extirpated. Degenerative intensity of the glands was graded as I, II and III based on the order of severity. All proteins generally existed in serous acinic cells of the intact glands. The proteins immunoreactivities became weak even in mildly inflamed glands (grade I), and nearly disappeared from the moderately damaged glands (grade II). Duct cells had clear CK and some cells reacted with the anti-SC antibody, but other proteins were not observed on the ducts. Mucous cells possessed none of the proteins, and their lectin-binding was only traceable in some glands. Compared with immunoreactivities in the proteins, lectin-binding profiles were different. SBA and UEA-I bound somewhat similarly to both acinic and duct cells, and the binding was hardly affected even by severe degeneration (grade III). Between obstructive and irradiated glands, no obvious difference was observed in either protein distribution or lectin-binding. From the above, it seems that some proteins are more affective to the degeneration and that lectin-binding sugar residues are non-affective against the degenerative changes of the tissues.

Histocytochemistry↗
PubMed1990

Synthetic cationic amphiphiles for liposome-mediated DNA transfection.

The compounds with efficient DNA transfection ability into eukaryotic cells were searched from various synthetic amphiphiles which have cationic heads and long saturated hydrocarbon tails. The efficiency of amphiphiles in gene transfer was examined by the transient expression of cytochrome b5 from its cDNA in COS cells. Among various synthetic amphiphiles, including N-[1-(2,3-dioleyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium chloride which is commercially available lipid, O,O'-didodecyl-N-[p-(2-trimethylammonioethyloxy)benzoyl]-(L) -glutamate bromide was highest in efficiency. The optimum condition for the amount of the amphiphile and DNA, and the incubation time were established to be 7.5-15 micrograms/22 mm dish and 1-10 micrograms/22 mm dish, and 48-72 h, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical evaluation of tumor markers in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas].

The serum levels of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and the beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) have been examined in 55 patients with a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and the squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen (SCC) levels were also detected in 36 of these subjects. With the advancement of the T-stage, an elevation in both the original SCC and the beta 2M levels was seen, though the level of the CEA did not relate with the T-stage. In three markers, the SCC clearly changed, in relation to the clinical conditions. About two-thirds (63%) of the advanced tumors (T 3 + 4) had a higher SCC level than the cut-off value (1.5 ng/ml), while levels in most early carcinomas did not reach the border line. In cases that were successfully treated, elevated SCC levels were lowered to below 1.5 ng/ml without exception, whereas the SCC values of cases with a bad prognosis remained at a high level. Further, the consecutive elevation of the beta 2M levels was observed even after the treatments. From these results, it seems that SCC combined with CEA appears useful for the diagnosis and monitoring of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1989

Influence of interferon on adriamycin uptake of cultured tumor cells.

Effect of human interferon beta (IFN beta) or interferon gamma (IFN gamma) on cellular uptake of adriamycin (ADM) was measured in 3 in vitro-cultured human tumor cell lines. Pre-incubation of tumor cells with 100 IU/ml of IFN beta or gamma for 6 hr resulted in an increased intracellular ADM concentration, but ADM efflux was not affected by the IFNs. The increase in cellular uptake of ADM was in agreement with both DNA and protein synthesis inhibition. 3H thymidine (3H-TdR) incorporation was remarkably inhibited by ADM with pre-treatment of 100 IU/ml of each IFN, and an additive effect of ADM and IFN on cell growth inhibition could be observed. Similar additive inhibition against tumor-cell proliferation in nude mice, which received combined treatment (twice/week) of IFN gamma (5,000 IU/mouse) and ADM (5-20 micrograms/mouse), was also observed. These results indicate that IFN increases cellular influx of ADM, and antiproliferative activity against tumor cells is enhanced by a combination of IFN and ADM.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

An alternative method for the isolation of NS-1 hybridomas using cholesterol auxotrophy of NS-1 mouse myeloma cells.

We have used the cholesterol auxotrophy of NS-1 mouse myeloma cells as the basis for selecting NS-1 hybridomas. The outgrowth of nascent NS-1 hybridomas in cholesterol-free serum-free medium was 3- to 9-fold more efficient than that in HAT medium and resulted in 3- to 13-times as many antigen-reactive hybridoma wells. This method of hybridoma selection can be applied with any sterol-dependent parent cell line. Hybridomas established under serum-free culture conditions were growth inhibited by fetal calf serum.

Aminopterin↗
PubMed1989

Angiomyoma of the upper lip: report of a case with electron microscopic and immunohistochemical observation.

Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic observations of a vascular leiomyoma of the upper lip are presented. Tumour cells were positive for desmin, vimentin and neuron specific enolase but not for S-100 protein. Factor VIII was detected in the endothelium of blood vessels. Ultramicroscopically, the spindle-shaped tumour cells had elongated nuclei and cytoplasm containing abundant myofilaments and pinocytotic vesicles. Emphasis is placed on the fact that an immunohistochemical approach using appropriate antibodies can be used in identifying this tumour.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Destruction of basement membrane and cell infiltrates in oral lichen planus.

Immunohistochemical staining analysis of oral lichen planus (OLP) using monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) against the components of basement membrane (BM) and infiltrated cells was performed in 27 cases. Integrity of lining epithelial BM was more strictly elucidated by staining for laminin and type IV collagen than by fibronectin. Staining patterns of laminin were similar to type IV collagen. In the cases examined, continuity of BM was proven by laminin staining in 10 cases, partially destructive BM was seen in 9 cases and complete destruction of BM in 8 cases. Dividing OLP into 20 symptomatic (ulcerative/erosive) and 7 asymptomatic (non-ulcerative/-erosive) cases, intact BM could be observed in only 5 cases of the symptomatic group, while 5 cases of the other group possessed undamaged BM. The difference between the two groups was significant. Stromal and epidermal cell infiltrates, which were mainly composed of T cell subsets with accompanying Leu-M5 and 6-positive cells, were correlated with the condition of BM. Stromal Leu-M5+ and Leu-6+ cell infiltrates were clearly more dominant in laminin-negative (BM-destructed) cases than infiltrates in BM-intact cases. This relation was also found in epidermal infiltrates with the same manner of Leu-4 infiltration. From the above, it seems that the integrity of BM is concerned with cell infiltrates and clinical manifestations of OLP.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1989

Immunohistochemical and histologic study of cervical lymphoepithelial cysts.

Four cases of lateral cervical cysts were reported. All cyst walls were lined with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, and contained lymph follicles with well-defined germinal centers. Ectopic salivary gland tissue was found in one case. Histochemical examination by the immunoperoxidase method revealed the existence of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). However, alpha-feto protein (AFP) and amylase were not detected in any of the cysts. The cyst fluid contained high levels of CEA and high titers of salivary type amylase, but AFP was negative. These results do not support any one of the theories concerning the etiology of cervical lymphoepithelial cysts. It seems likely that cysts derive from both epithelial remnants of the branchial apparatus and from salivary gland inclusions in lymph nodes.

Adolescent↗