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Biomedical subjects

T Osada

Publications and source records attributed to T Osada.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Ileovesical fistula caused by long-term indwelling of urethral catheter: a case report].

A case of an ileovesical fistula is reported. The patient was a 32-year-old female who suffered from spina bifida. She had had a urethral catheter indwelt at 13 years old for continuous incontinence caused by atrophic bladder. The patient noted lower abdominal discomfort and fecal urine at age 31 in January, 1989 and urination from anal appeared in March, 1990. In November, 1990, the patient was introduced to our hospital and diagnosed with ileovesical fistula. We performed partial cystectomy, ileal wedge resection and cystostomy on this patient. The pathological findings showed chronic inflammatory change. The ileovesical fistula may have been caused by a long-term indwelling of urethral catheter. We discussed the ileovesical fistula and the treatment of neurogenic bladder in a patient of spina bifida.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[The pharmacokinetics of the glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetic acid after intravenous administration of glycyrrhizin for the patients with chronic liver disease caused by type C hepatitis virus].

Glycyrrhizin had been used widely for the patients with chronic liver disease. We examined the pharmacokinetics of the glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetic acid in the blood stream after intra-venous administration of glycyrrhizin. The stream concentration of glycyrrhizin in the patients of liver cirrhosis tend to be kept higher than that of chronic hepatitis but there were no significant difference between them except for after a half hour from the administration. There was negative correlation between ICG R15 and the speed of excretion of glycyrrhizin from the serum. On the other hand, the concentration of the glycyrrhetic acid was kept higher in the patients with liver cirrhosis than that of chronic hepatitis, but there were no significant difference between them except for after a half hour from the administration. These findings suggested that the accumulation of glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetic acid in the patients of liver cirrhosis can be seen by long term administration.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Vicia villosa agglutinin inhibits the fasciculation of vomeronasal axons in fetal rat vomeronasal organ culture.

The vomeronasal organ of rat was cultured from embryonic 15-day littermates. During 4-8 days in vitro, vomeronasal axons originating from the explants of vomeronasal organ formed 2-3 large fascicles. When Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVA) was added to the culture medium, fasciculation of the vomeronasal axons was inhibited. The timing of addition and the duration of the presence of VVA were related to the inhibition of fasciculation of vomeronasal axons. Glycocojugates that bind with the VVA may therefore play an important role in the fasciculation of developing vomeronasal axons.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Monoclonal antibody (VOM2) specific for the luminal surface of the rat vomeronasal sensory epithelium.

Monoclonal antibodies were raised and selected for reactivity with the luminal surface of the rat vomeronasal organ. Among the monoclonal antibodies generated, the one named VOM2 showed specific immunoreactivity within the luminal surface of the rat vomeronasal sensory epithelium. The VOM2 antigen appeared weakly on the luminal surface at postnatal day 14 (P14). After P21, VOM2 immunoreactivity as strong as that in the adult vomeronasal organ was observed. Immunofluorescence staining using VOM2 antibody showed no reactivity on the luminal surface of the adult mouse or hamster vomeronasal organ. An immunoblotting analysis showed that the VOM2 antigen was a protein with a molecular weight of 24,500.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Differential development of binding sites of two lectins in the vomeronasal axons of the rat accessory olfactory bulb.

Binding of fluorochrome-conjugated lectins, Bandeiraea simplicifolia lectin-I (BSL-I) and Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVA), to the vomeronasal axons was investigated in the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) of developing rats at embryonic day (E) 16, 18, and 20, and postnatal day (P) 0, 3, 7, 14, and 28. Intense fluorescence for VVA was first observed at E18, and the position-specific binding pattern observed in adults was established at P0; intense fluorescence for VVA was observed in the posterior 2/3 of the vomeronasal nerve layer (VNL) and glomerular layer (GL) and weak fluorescence was present in the anterior 1/3 of these layers. Fluorescence for BSL-I was observed in the posterior half of VNL and GL at P0; the area bound with BSL-I was expanded to the anterior area and intensity of the fluorescence increased as the development proceeded. At P28, binding of BSL-I was observed in the entire VNL and GL as identical to adults. These results indicate that the binding sites of BSL-I and VVA in the vomeronasal axons at the level of rat AOB develop differentially during ontogeny, suggesting that rat VN axons consist of two subpopulations expressing different glycoconjugates.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Androgen receptor mRNA in the rat ovary and uterus.

The distribution of androgen receptor messenger RNA (ARmRNA) in the reproductive tissues of adult rats was examined by Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization using ARcRNA probes corresponding to the androgen binding domain of the receptor. About 10-kilobase rat ARmRNA was observed in all tissues examined in the Northern blot analysis. The amount of ARmRNA in the ovary, uterus and testis was less than that in the prostate. In the in situ hybridization study, extensive labeling was observed in the theca cells of the ovary (proestrous) and the endometrium and endometrial glands of the uterus (proestrous). Moderate labeling was observed in the granulosa cells and stromal cells of the ovary and in the myometrium of the uterus. These results were largely in agreement with the distribution of AR previously reported by ligand binding studies. This present in situ hybridization study may provide a useful tool for the analysis of the regional regulation of AR synthesis in the rat female reproductive tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Identification of causative chemicals of allergic contact dermatitis using a combination of patch testing in patients and chemical analysis. Application to cases from rubber gloves.

5 cases of allergic contact dermatitis from rubber gloves were investigated by our recommended procedures using a combination of patch testing in patients and chemical analysis of causative rubber products by gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). We previously confirmed that zinc ethylphenyldithiocarbamate (ZEPC), a dithiocarbamae-type accelerator (DTC), was causative in a case of allergic contact dermatitis from rubber work gloves. Subsequently, we have clarified that DTCs such as zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate (ZDMC), zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDEC) and zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate (ZDBC) and amines such as dimethylamine (DMA), diethylamine (DEA) and piperidine (PIP) were also causative in cases from surgical rubber gloves. Thus, our investigative studies revealed that, although thiurams have been taken much more notice of as allergenic compounds than their corresponding DTCs and amines, not only DTCs such as ZDMC, ZDEC, ZDBC and ZEPC, but also amines such as DMA, DEA and PIP were noteworthy causative candidates of allergic contact dermatitis from rubber gloves.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Anticancer effects of adriamycin-loaded hydroxyapatite implants determined in a Swarm rat chondrosarcoma model.

We investigated the antitumor effects of adriamycin (ADR)-loaded hydroxyapatite (HAP) beads in a Swarm rat chondrosarcoma model. When one ADR-loaded HAP bead (ADR: 0.8 mg/bead) was implanted into the central portion of a rat bearing tumor, the ADR-loaded HAP beads showed good therapeutic effects, increasing the life span (ILS) by 90%. Significantly, leukopenia and diarrhea were not observed. These results suggest that HAP delivery offers an interesting and a potentially effective method.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Antitumor effects and distribution of adriamycin incorporated into hydroxyapatite implants in a cancer rat model bearing swarm rat chondrosarcoma.

We investigated the antitumor effects and tissue distribution of adriamycin (ADR) incorporated into a hydroxyapatite (HAP) bead in a cancer rat model bearing Swarm rat chondrosarcoma. The Porous HAP bead (8.48 mm in diameter, 531 +/- 0.7 mg in weight) was used as a model bone graft. One ADR-HAP bead (ADR 0.4 mg-6.0 mg/bead) was implanted s.c. into a Sprague-Dawley rat at 6 days postinoculation of Swarm rat chondrosarcoma. ADR-HAP beads showed strong antitumor activities in a dose dependent manner. The dose of 6.0 mg/bead showed the highest efficacy with no toxic death: It caused a 98% growth inhibition on Day 31 postinoculation and a survival advantage of a 339% increase in life span. After the implantation of the ADR-HAP bead (0.4 mg/bead/body) and the i.v. administration of an equal dose of free adriamycin, we determined the tissue distribution of ADR for up to 90 days. ADR-HAP bead implanted in the tumors released ADR over a 12-week period in the target area. The diffusion of the drug to other organs such as the heart and liver was very low compared with the tumors. The area under the ADR concentration-time curve (AUC) of the tumors was 181.6 micrograms.day/g and 5.22 micrograms.day/g after the implantation of the ADR-HAP bead and the i.v. administration of free ADR, respectively. The targeting index of the tumors, defined as the ratio of the AUC after the implantation of the ADR-HAP bead to that after administration of free ADR, was 34.8.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Pulmonary hypertension and antiphospholipid antibody in a patient with Sjögren's syndrome.

A 57-year-old female patient with Sjögren's syndrome was complicated with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and antiphospholipid antibody (aPL). She had a history of fetal losses, deep vein thrombosis and chronic thyroiditis. On admission, severe pulmonary hypertension, thrombocytopenia, lupus anticoagulant and a decreased level of protein C were found. Pulmonary artery perfusion scintigram revealed multiple defects. She died suddenly despite an intensive therapy. Intimal proliferation with angiomatoid lesions in small pulmonary arteries was observed by autopsy. Since a close relationship between PH and aPL in connective tissue disease is found, it is important to carefully analyze the antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with PH.

Antiphospholipid Syndrome↗
PubMed1994

[Serum levels of HCV-RNA determined by branched DNA (bDNA) probe assay in chronic hepatitis C: method and clinical significance on interferon (IFN) therapy].

Recently serum levels of HCV RNA (s-HCV RNA) in chronic hepatitis C has been regarded as one of an important indicator for the activity of disease and outcome of IFN therapy. Quantitative analysis by competitive RT-PCR, however, requires special skills and is too expensive for clinical use. We attempted to determine serial sample of s-HCV RNA and genotypes in 117 cases treated with IFN using bDNA probe assay which has lately been developed by Chiron corporation. Cases with complete response to IFN therapy showed 62% (49/79) in lower than 10(6) levels, 27% (8/30) in 10(6)-10(7) and only 5% (2/41) in higher than 10(7). Genotype III, IV had higher response than type II on the same level of s-HCV RNA. These data indicates that determination of s-HCV levels by bDNA assay may be useful for prediction of the outcome of IFN therapy and making adequate schedule of the therapy in each cases.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1994

[Long-term interferon (IFN), neominophagen C (SNMC) combination therapy of active liver cirrhosis type C].

Possible effects of IFN and SNMC combination therapy for active liver cirrhosis were described. 28 patients with active liver cirrhosis were treated with natural IFN alpha 3-6 MU TIW for 3-17 months (mean, 8 +/- 6). 8 of 28 patients received combination therapy of SNMC (40 ml iv, TIW). 8 (29%) of 28 patients sustained normal ALT levels with no relapse (complete response) which involved 6 patients with persistent lack of serum HCV RNA sequences after IFN therapy. In those 8 patients, 4 had been received combination of SNMC. There were 4 (14%) patients with relative response. Patients with genotype III or IV had significantly higher response to IFN therapy than the patients with genotype II. In active liver cirrhosis, determination of HCV genotype and HCV RNA levels thought to be significant for the indication of IFN therapy, and that combination of SNMC may provide beneficial effect to IFN therapy for active liver cirrhosis.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1994

Retreatment of chronic hepatitis C with interferon.

OBJECTIVE: We analyzed the retreatment of chronic hepatitis C with interferon to get the standpoint for the selection of patients to receive it. METHODS: A complete response was defined as continuous normalization of the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level and continuous disappearance of serum hepatitis C virus RNA (HCV-RNA) during interferon administration and more than 6 months after. Patients without complete response were classified as noncomplete responders. From August 1990 to May 1993, we retreated 23 noncomplete responders on initial treatment with interferon and studied the factors that alter the effectiveness. RESULTS: Complete response was achieved in eight (34.8%) patients; the other 15 patients did not achieve this degree of response. Three patients were of genotype II and five were of genotype III in these eight complete responders. All complete responders were patients with relapse who had had normalized serum ALT levels during the initial administration and undetectable HCV-RNA at the end of the period. No patient who failed to achieve normalization of the serum ALT level on initial treatment achieved a complete response on retreatment. HCV-RNA concentrations before retreatment were significantly less than before initial treatment in the eight complete responders. CONCLUSION: Interferon retreatment of patients who do not achieve a complete response may be effective in relapsed cases with undetectable HCV-RNA at the end of initial treatment. Selection of patients to receive interferon retreatment requires careful review and consideration of genotype, HCV-RNA concentration, and the clinical response on initial treatment.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1994

[Analysis of methods of administration on local arterial infusion chemotherapy for severe advanced hepatocellular carcinoma].

Between 1986 and 1994, hepatic local arterial infusion chemotherapy with implanted reservoir was performed for 51 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who were not indicated for surgery, PEIT and/or TAE because of the advanced stage of tumors and impaired liver function. We compared direct effects, survival rates, and rates of outpatients by dividing these 51 patients into 3 groups according to the methods of administration--repeated one-shot arterial infusion group, continuous arterial infusion group and intermittent high-dose arterial infusion group. There were no significant differences among these three groups in terms of background factors. The continuous infusion group had significantly better survival rates than the repeated one-shot infusion group, and the survival rate of the intermittent high-dose infusion group was similar to that of the continuous infusion group, although there were no significant differences in effectiveness among the three groups. Patients in the continuous infusion group and intermittent high-dose infusion group could receive almost all of their treatment as outpatients. Furthermore, more patients in the intermittent high-dose infusion group could receive whole treatment without hospitalization than patients in the continuous infusion group. Because intermittent high-dose arterial infusion of 5-FU showed about the same survival rate as continuous arterial infusion and because it can maintain high quality of life, it is suggested to be a standard method for local arterial infusion of 5-FU for severe advanced HCC.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Changes in plasma interleukin 6 in a surgical case of left atrial myxoma].

It was recently described that the cardiac myxoma produced Interleukin-6 (IL-6) as a kind of cytokines, and the constitutional signs in patients with cardiac myxoma were due to the IL-6 production. We measured the values of plasma IL-6 concentration before and after surgical therapy. It was decreased from 7.2 pg/ml to less than 4.0 pg/ml two months after surgical removal of the myxoma. It is recommended that the measurement of IL-6 is useful for screening of cardiac myxoma and postoperative follow-up.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1993

A receptor mediated delivery of an HIV-1 derived peptide vaccine.

One way of obtaining an enhanced production of specific antibodies against given antigens is to maximize the level of antigen presentation through artificially augmented antigen uptake by antigen presenting cells (APCs). In this respect, it has been shown that the receptor mediated endocytosis of antigens can be a very effective way to achieve this purpose. Such a process should also enhance the weak immunogenicity of synthetic peptides produced as artificial vaccines with amino acid sequences resembling those of epitopic sites of pathogens. In this report we used alpha 2-macroglobulin (a2M) which has specific receptors on macrophages (MFs) as a delivery protein and were able to induce high concentrations of antibodies against an HIV-1 derived synthetic peptide in mice. a2M enhanced immunogenicity of the peptide better than Freund's adjuvant did. We should be able to develop effective peptide vaccines by further improving this system.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

A receptor-mediated antigen delivery and incorporation system. Administration of alpha 2-macroglobulin-cytochrome c conjugate induced high concentrations of antibodies against cytochrome c in mice.

Specific receptors for alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M) are found on the plasma membrane of macrophages (M phi s), one of antigen presenting cells. So far, a receptor-mediated effective uptake by M phi of foreign antigens which were linked to alpha 2M has been shown to provoke a remarkable increase in the proliferation of T lymphocytes and in the production of antibodies in vitro. Such results encouraged us to develop a new type of vaccine using a receptor-mediated antigen delivery and incorporation system based on alpha 2M and its receptor interaction. In this report, we applied the system to experimental animals. Yeast cytochrome c was used as an antigen to see if the system worked in vivo as well as in vitro. Cytochrome c was conjugated to alpha 2M through the action of trypsin and intraperitoneally administered to mice. The titer induced in mice was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The production of antibodies against cytochrome c was significantly increased when the protein was given in conjugated forms with alpha 2M.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗