Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Onuma

Publications and source records attributed to T Onuma.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Pulsed-Field Ionization Zero-Kinetic-Energy Photoelectron Spectra of Ar(2).

The pulsed-field ionization (PFI) zero-kinetic-energy (ZEKE) photoelectron spectra of Ar(2) were measured between 117 000 cm(-1) (14.5 eV) and 128 300 cm(-1) (15.9 eV) using the penetrating field technique and synchrotron radiation at resolutions of up to 1 meV. The A(2)Sigma(+)(1/2u) ground state and B(2)Pi(1/2g) and C(2)Pi(3/2u) excited states were assigned to those spectra. The first adiabatic ionization potential of Ar(2) was determined to be 14.4572 +/- 0.0007 eV. A Le Roy-Bernstein plot and a Birge-Sponer plot were used to determine the dissociation limit of the A(2)Sigma(+)(1/2u) ground state. The vibrational level of the C(2)Pi(3/2u) excited state was observed for the first time. The effective lifetime for high-n Rydberg states converging on the vibrational levels of the C(2)Pi(1/2u) excited state is estimated to be shorter than those of the A(2)Sigma(+)(1/2u), B(2)Pi(1/2g), and C(2)Pi(3/2u) states, because the spectrum could not be observed on the PFI-ZEKE experiment. The threshold photoelectron-photoion coincidence spectra of Ar(2) were also measured and compared with the spectra obtained from the PFI-ZEKE experiment. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Differences in evoked potential characteristics between DRPLA patients and patients with progressive myoclonic epilepsy: preliminary findings indicating usefulness for differential diagnosis.

The characteristics of evoked potentials in patients with dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) were investigated. Twelve patients with DRPLA and three patients with progressive myoclonic epilepsy (PME) attributable to other causes participated in the study. In 11 out of the 12 patients, the diagnosis of DRPLA was genetically confirmed, based on a 56-75 CAG triplet repeat expansion on chromosome 12p; in the remaining patient, the diagnosis was not genetically confirmed but the patient was clinically diagnosed as having DRPLA and was within the same pedigree as one of the 11 genetically confirmed patients. Two out of the three patients with PME, who had been tested for dodecamer repeat expansion in the cystatin B gene, were genetically confirmed as having Unverricht-Lundborg disease (UL); the remaining patient was also clinically diagnosed as having UL, but the patient did not have the aforementioned genetic abnormality. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAERs) were recorded. The amplitudes of the SEPs were determined as the peak-to-peak amplitudes between P2 and N2 deflections. The results revealed that high-amplitude SEPs were not evoked in any of the DRPLA patients; on the other hand, high-amplitude SEPs were evoked in all the patients with UL. Moreover, BAERs were absent in seven out of the 12 patients with DRPLA; on the other hand, all UL patients showed BAERs in which all peaks, from I to V, were distinguishable. These results suggest differences in pathophysiology between DRPLA, which predominantly affects the brainstem and subcortical regions, and PME, characterized by cortical hyperexcitability. Thus, evoked potential measurements may be useful to differentiate DRPLA patients from those with progressive myoclonic epilepsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Localization of a gene for benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy to chromosome 8q23.3-q24.1.

Benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy is an autosomal dominant idiopathic epileptic syndrome characterized by adult-onset tremulous finger movement, myoclonus, epileptic seizures, and nonprogressive course. It was recently recognized in Japanese families. In this study, we report that the gene locus is assigned to the distal long arm of chromosome 8, by linkage analysis in a large Japanese kindred with a maximum two-point LOD score of 4.31 for D8S555 at recombination fraction of 0 (maximum multipoint LOD score of 5.42 for the interval between D8S555 and D8S1779). Analyses of recombinations place the locus within an 8-cM interval, between D8S1784 and D8S1694, in which three markers, D8S1830, D8S555, and D8S1779, show no recombination with the phenotypes. Although three other epilepsy-related loci on chromosome 8q have been recognized-one on chromosome 8q13-21 (familial febrile convulsion) and two others on chromosome 8q24 (KCNQ3 and childhood absence epilepsy)-the locus assigned here is distinct from these three epilepsy-related loci. This study establishes the presence of a new epilepsy-related locus on 8q23.3-q24.11.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Identification of homozygous lipoprotein lipase gene mutation in a woman with recurrent aggravation of hypertriglyceridaemia induced by pregnancy.

We herein report a case of a 40-year-old Japanese woman (patient IT) with a history of recurrent aggravation of hypertriglyceridaemia, pancreatitis and miscarriages in three previous pregnancies. However, strict dietary intervention was applied during a fourth pregnancy. As a result, acute pancreatitis was avoided, and the patient gave birth to a healthy infant. In patient IT, the underlying etiology of the recurrent aggravation of hypertriglyceridaemia during pregnancy was a lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene aberration. She was homozygous for LPL deficiency due to a nonsense mutation (TGG1401 --> TGA/Trp382 --> Stop) in exon 8 of the LPL gene, which resulted in the absence of LPL activity and immunoreactive LPL mass. Our findings indicate that, in LPL deficiency, pregnancy seriously exacerbates hypertriglyceridaemia and increases the risk of acute pancreatitis, which endangers both the mother and fetus. Early diagnosis of LPL deficiency and appropriate management thereof are essential for normal childbirth.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1998

Gender-specific association of M235T polymorphism in angiotensinogen gene and diabetic nephropathy in NIDDM.

This study examined the association between the development of nephropathy in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients and M235T polymorphism in the angiotensinogen gene. White NIDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy (case subjects, n = 117) and patients without any evidence of nephropathy and > or = 10 years of NIDDM (control subjects, n = 125) were selected from among patients of the Joslin Diabetes Center and examined. In addition to a standardized examination, blood was drawn for DNA and determination of M235T genotypes at the angiotensinogen locus. For the angiotensinogen gene, the frequency of the genotype 235T/235T, known to be associated with essential hypertension, was higher among case subjects with nephropathy than in control subjects without this complication. This difference, expressed as the odds ratio for nephropathy among 235T/235T homozygotes in comparison with all other genotypes, was 2.2 (95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 4.4). The difference, however, was confined to men (odds ratio, 4.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.5 to 14.9), with the distribution of genotypes in case and control subjects being equal among women (odds ratio, 1.1). DNA polymorphism M235T in the angiotensinogen gene, which is associated with higher expression of this gene, contributes to the risk of diabetic nephropathy in NIDDM men but not in women.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Role of glycemic control and blood pressure in the development and progression of nephropathy in elderly Japanese NIDDM patients.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of glycemic control and blood pressure in the development and progression of nephropathy and to suggest goals for glycemic control and blood pressure for the prevention of nephropathy in elderly Japanese NIDDM patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 123 age- and diabetes duration-matched elderly Japanese NIDDM patients (aged 60-75 years; 74 normoalbuminuric and 49 microalbuminuric) were retrospectively studied for 6 years. RESULTS: The group that developed microalbuminuria from normoalbuminuria (group NM: n = 24) showed a higher 6-year mean HbA1c than the group that remained normoalbuminuric (group NN: n = 50; 9.0 +/- 0.8 vs. 8.1 +/- 0.8%, P < 0.01) in spite of no significant difference in 6-year mean blood pressure (MBP). On the other hand, the group that progressed from microalbuminuria to overt proteinuria (group MP: n = 26) showed a higher 6-year MBP than the group that remained microalbuminuric (group MM: n = 23; 106 +/- 5 vs. 95 +/- 6 mmHg, P < 0.01) in spite of no significant difference in 6-year mean HbA1c. The cutoff level of HbA1c separating group NN from group NM was 8.5% (normal range < or = 6.5%), and that of MBP separating group MM from group MP was 100 mmHg. CONCLUSIONS: Glycemic control is a more potent factor than blood pressure level on the development of microalbuminuria. However, as far as the progression of microalbuminuria to overt proteinuria is concerned, hypertension is the most crucial factor in elderly NIDDM patients. Suggested goals for glycemic control and blood pressure level for the prevention of nephropathy in elderly Japanese patients are an HbA1c of < or = 8.5% (equivalent to 7.8% in the current measurement of stable HbA1c; normal range < or = 5.8%) and an MBP of < or = 100 mmHg.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Usefulness of revised fasting plasma glucose criterion and characteristics of the insulin response to an oral glucose load in newly diagnosed Japanese diabetic subjects.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the usefulness of the revised criterion for fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in the diagnosis of diabetes recommended by the American Diabetic Association (ADA) (126 mg/dl, 7 mmol/l), and to characterize insulin response during the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in newly diagnosed Japanese diabetic subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A series of 2,121 Japanese subjects underwent a 75-g OGTT (0-3 h) and were divided into three groups (normal glucose tolerance [NGT], impaired glucose tolerance [IGT], and diabetes mellitus [DM] according to the current World Health Organization criteria. After the cutoff values of FPG that distinguish NGT and IGT from diabetes were analyzed, the usefulness of the ADA criterion for FPG was examined by comparing diagnostic parameters (sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy) with those for the cutoff value of 140 mg/dl. To assess insulin response, both the insulinogenic index (IsIx), a marker of early secretion, and the area under the insulin response curve (AUCins), a marker of total secretion, were compared between the DM, NGT, and IGT groups. RESULTS: First, the FPG cutoff value distinguishing NGT from diabetes was 109 mg/dl. An FPG of 126 mg/dl showed a higher sensitivity (0.52 vs. 0.31), the same specificity (1.00), and a higher accuracy (0.82 vs. 0.74) than an FPG of 140 mg/dl, and it had a higher specificity (1.00 vs. 0.86) with a slightly lower accuracy (0.82 vs. 0.85) than an FPG of 109 mg/dl. Second, the FPG cutoff value differentiating IGT from diabetes was 113 mg/dl. An FPG of 126 mg/dl showed a higher sensitivity (0.52 vs. 0.31) and accuracy (0.80 vs. 0.74) and a similar specificity (0.97 vs. 1.00) compared with an FPG of 140 mg/dl, and it had a higher specificity (0.97 vs. 0.82) with the same accuracy (0.80) as an FPG of 113 mg/dl. Third, the DM group showed the lowest IsIx among the three groups at all FPG values. The AUCIns in the DM group increased along with FPG, reached the maximum level at an FPG of 110 mg/dl, and declined thereafter. AUCIns was higher in the DM group than in the NGT group at FPG values > or = 100 mg/dl. CONCLUSIONS: The revised ADA criterion for FPG of 126 mg/dl may improve diagnostic sensitivity without loss of specificity in Japanese diabetic subjects when compared with an FPG criterion of 140 mg/dl. Although early insulin secretion was impaired, total insulin secretion did not seem to be reduced in newly diagnosed Japanese diabetic subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Sequential assessment of cerebral blood flow in diffuse brain injury by 123I-iodoamphetamine single-photon emission CT.

PURPOSE: Our goal was to elucidate the temporal profile of cerebral circulation and its relationship to prognosis in patients with diffuse brain injury by using single-photon emission CT (SPECT) and 123I-iodoamphetamine (IMP). METHODS: A total of 67 assessments were made in 26 patients with diffuse brain injury (Glasgow Coma Scale score < or = 8). The microsphere method was used for quantifying cerebral blood flow (CBF). The hemispheric CBF was defined as a mean regional CBF (rCBF), and the total cerebral hemispheric CBF (tCBF) as a mean of the bilateral hemispheric CBF. The relationship between patient outcome and tCBF was investigated. RESULTS: The rCBF in patients with diffuse brain injury showed dynamic and global changes with little regional differences. The tCBF values increased in 1 to 3 days, and they were higher in the poor-outcome group than in the good-outcome group. During the period of 14 to 42 days, the tCBF values stayed within normal range in the good-outcome group, whereas they were below normal range in the poor-outcome group. CONCLUSION: Our results revealed a good correlation between patient outcome and CBF values. Quantitative and sequential CBF studies with IMP SPECT are promising for helping to determine the prognosis for patients with diffuse brain injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Relationship between imaging and pathological features and clinical factors in surgical cases of temporal lobe epilepsy].

The relationships between imaging, pathology and presumed causes in surgical cases of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) was studied. The subject was 62 patients (33 males and 29 females) who had had no attacks for more than one year after surgery. Average age at surgery was 28.2 +/- 9.9 years. Obvious neurological abnormalities were not found in these cases. MRI, PET and SPECT were performed. Hematoxylin and eosin was used for pathological judgement. Their medical charts were used to investigate their clinical factors. Although patients suspected of having encephalitis/meningitis had been hospitalized for 2 days to three months during childhood due to disturbance of consciousness with high fever and convulsion for several days; they were not diagnosed with encephalitis/meningitis at that time, and they suffered almost no handicaps other than epilepsy for several years following their comatose episodes. [Result] (1) On MRI, mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) was detected in 48 of 52 patients (92%); 32 (62%) had high-signal intensity on T 2-weighted images; 31 (60%) had atrophy ¿23 (44%) had high-signal intensity on T 2 + atrophy¿; 5 (10%) had calcified lesions; and 2 (4%) had cystic lesions. On PET and SPECT, abnormal cerebral blood flow was noted in 33 of 36 (92%). (2) On pathological findings (61 cases), Ammon's horn sclerosis (AHS), tumors, gliosis in lateral temporal and meningeal inflammatory finding were detected in 42 (69%), 10 (23%) and 8 (13%) cases, respectively, whereas 2 showed no abnormalities. The 2 patients with normal pathology showed both high-signal intensity and atrophy on MRI. (3) The presumed causes of TLE were encephalitis/meningitis and/or suspected of these diseases in 15 patients (24%), injuries at birth in 5 (8%), and none in 42 (68%). The presumed causes in the 43 patients with AHS were encephalitis/meningitis in 11, injuries at birth in 3, and none in 29. Of the 15 patients in whom encephalitis/meningitis was estimated as the causes of TLE, only 6 (40%) had pathological evidence of meningeal inflammatory finding. Of the 42 patients in whom cause could not be determined, 2 had pathological evidence of meningeal inflammatory finding.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Cerebral perfusion changes in traumatic diffuse brain injury; IMP SPECT studies.

Diffuse brain injury (DBI) is characterized by axonal degeneration and neuronal damage which cause diffuse brain atrophy. We have investigated the time course of abnormalities in cerebral perfusion distribution in cases of DBI by using Iodine-123-IMP SPECT, and the relationship to the appearance of diffuse brain atrophy. SPECT scans were performed on eight patients with diffuse brain injury due to closed cranial trauma in acute and chronic stages. All patients showed abnormalities in cerebral perfusion with decreases in perfusion, even in non-depicted regions on MRI, and the affected areas varied throughout the period of observation. Diffuse brain atrophy appeared in all patients. In some patients, diffuse brain atrophy was observed at or just after the time when the maximum number of lesions on SPECT were seen. The abnormalities in cerebral perfusion in cases of DBI might therefore be related to axonal degeneration and neuronal damage which causes diffuse brain atrophy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Synergistic effect of angiotensin II type 1 receptor genotype and poor glycaemic control on risk of nephropathy in IDDM.

We investigated the contribution of polymorphisms in the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene (AGTR1) to renal complications in an inception cohort of 152 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients examined 15-21 years after diabetes onset. This nested case-control study included 79 normoalbuminuric control subjects and 73 cases with evidence of nephropathy ranging from microalbuminuria to overt proteinuria. Subjects were genotyped for two AGTR1 polymorphisms (T573-->C and A1166-->C), and an adjacent CA repeat microsatellite. Allele C1166 and the 140 bp allele of the microsatellite were more frequent among nephropathy cases than normoalbuminuric control subjects (0.322 vs 0.247, and 0.618 vs 0.521, respectively), but these differences were not statistically significant. Although not significant by themselves, the AGTR1 polymorphisms contributed significantly to the risk of diabetic nephropathy when accompanied by poor glycaemic control. Among patients with frequent severe hyperglycaemia during the first decade of diabetes, the relative risk of nephropathy among allele C1166 carriers was 12.1 (95% CI: 3.7-39.8), whereas it was only 1.4 (95% CI: 0.6-3.5) among allele A1166 homozygotes. The difference between relative risks was highly significant (chi(2) = 8.25, p = 0.004 with 1 df). A similar pattern of higher risk of microalbuminuria, specifically among those carriers of allele C1166 who had poor glycaemic control was also found in an independent study of a cross-sectional sample of 551 IDDM individuals, although the effect was smaller in magnitude. We conclude that DNA sequence differences in the AGTR1 gene may modify the noxious effects of hyperglycaemia on the kidney. Allele C1166 carriers might especially benefit from nephropathy prevention programmes.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Two forms of hemitonic seizure in patients with infantile hemiplegia and epilepsy.

Two forms of unilateral tonic (hemitonic) seizure were observed in two adult epileptic patients with infantile hemiplegia. Their ictal EEGs showed diffuse bilaterally synchronous spike bursts without focal features. In one case, a 31-year-old male, the VTR/EEG recording clearly demonstrated hemitonic seizure which simultaneously involved his paretic limbs and body and were associated with loss of consciousness and autonomic signs. In the other case, a 33-year-old male, partial seizures with secondary unilateral generalization were demonstrated by VTR/EEG recording. The reason why these cases do not exhibit motor seizure activity on the unaffected side despite diffuse bilateral EEG changes, a lower motor threshold in the paretic limbs and inhibitory effect in the brain-stem on undamaged side are postulated. These two cases suggest that hemitonic seizures include heterogeneous characteristics of partial and generalized epilepsy. In patients with diffuse brain damage, such as those with infantile hemiplegia, seizures appear to exhibit complicated patterns, with characteristics of partial and generalized seizures. There is a gradiation of expression of unilateral seizure, range from clearly partial seizures to those with mostly features of generalized seizures, except for an asymmetry of motor expression.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[A patient with epilepsy manifesting reversible memory dysfunction--a neuropsychological, electroencephalographical and radiological study].

A 49-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of epileptic seizures and memory dysfunction. He had been experiencing seizures several times a day since the age of 43 years. Despite antiepileptic drug therapy (sodium valproate [VPA] and clonazepam [CZP], he suffered from frequent complex partial seizures originating in the temporal lobe, and he had a memory disturbance since age 47. When carbamazepine (CBZ) was substituted for VPA and CZP, the epileptic seizures stopped and the memory disturbance improved. Noninvasive regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measurements using 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT imaging were performed twice. The initial measurements on admission showed overall decreased rCBP that was more prominent in the cerebral cortex than in the subcortical nuclei. A follow-up SPECT examination after clinical improvement revealed a marked overall increase in rCBF, especially in the cerebral cortex. The SPECT findings suggest that the memory disturbance in this patient may have been associated with the overall cerebral blood hypoperfusion. This overall hypoperfusion can be attributed to the frequent complex partial seizures and/or the adverse effect of VPA and CZP. SPECT can provide important information suggesting the pathogenesis of memory disturbance associated with epilepsy.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1997

[A case of pineal teratoma arising from hydrocephalus of unknown cause].

We report a case of "functional aqueductal stenosis" which reveals dilatation of the lateral and 3rd ventricles without stenosis at the aqueduct in MRI. This case shows a pineal teratoma which presents one year later with symptoms of hydrocephalus caused by "functional aqueductal stenosis". A seven-year-old boy was admitted to our department owing to headache and vomiting. CT and MRI showed hydrocephalus. The lateral and 3rd ventricles were dilated while the 4th ventricle was normal. Furthermore, tumoral obstruction of the aqueduct was not found. After a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, he recovered well without neurological deficits. One year later, symptoms of precocious puberty, that is the appearance of public hair and deepening of his voice, were found. A follow-up MRI demonstrated a pineal region tumor. Although human chorionic gonadotropin level in the serum and urine was transiently elevated, it normalized before surgery. The operation was performed by the occipital transtentorial approach and the tumor was totally removed. Histological examination proved this tumor to be a mature teratoma, showing three germ cell layers. About two weeks later, he was discharged without any neurological deficit. In this case, although hydrocephalus occurred, MRI didn't demonstrate aqueductal obstruction caused by the tumor. However, one year later, a pineal region tumor was confirmed by MRI. This suggests that hydrocephalus might have some association with the appearance of the pineal region tumor. Therefore, it is necessary to be aware of the possibility of the occurrence of tumors whenever we encounter "functional aqueductal obstruction", when MRI doesn't demonstrate aqueductal obstruction caused by a tumor.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1997

[Hyperglycemia and symmetrical proximal neuropathy in diabetes].

A 60-year-old woman, diagnosed as having a diabetic symmetrical proximal motor neuropathy, is presented. In March 1995, she was referred to us because of untreated diabetes mellitus since 1990. Insulin treatment during one month decreased her postprandial plasma glucose level from more than 400mg/dl to about 200mg/dl. Soon after the treatment, she noticed lower proximal limb weakness bilaterally. In several months, her weakness progressed as the fasting plasma glucose level was increased. Her muscle power gradually recovered when the plasma glucose level was normalized. We therefore suggest that metabolic changes related to hyperglycemia, rather than ischemic vascular changes, play an important role in the pathogenesis of a diabetic symmetrical proximal motor neuropathy.

Diabetic Neuropathies↗
PubMed1996

In situ localization of messenger ribonucleic acid for an oviduct-specific glycoprotein during various hormonal conditions in the golden hamster.

The oviductal epithelium secretes specific glycoproteins that associate with the egg after ovulation. Several published reports including our preliminary studies have suggested that ovarian steroids regulate the secretion of oviduct-specific glycoproteins in several mammalian species. The objective of this study, using golden hamsters, was to analyze the hormonal effects on gene expression of these molecules more precisely during various hormonal conditions (estrous cycle, ontogeny, pregnancy, GnRH analogue treatment, and ovariectomy) by in situ hybridization. The message for the hamster oviduct-specific glycoprotein (HOGP) was detected by a digoxigenin-labeled single-strand specific DNA probe in paraffin sections. Data from these studies show the following. 1) In the oviduct, the signal was detected in both the perinuclear region and the basal region in the ampulla but was predominantly detected in the basal region in the isthmus. 2) The signal intensity was high in the ampulla compared with the isthmus. 3) During a normal estrous cycle, the message level was significantly altered between the estrous and diestrous stages in the ampulla but not in the isthmus. In addition, the signal did not disappear at any stage in either the isthmus or ampulla. 4) The HOGP message was first observed from around 14 days of age and then decreased in parallel with serum estradiol levels during aging. 5) The signal was also observed in the oviductal epithelium of pregnant animals at term and of postpartum animals. 6) When we treated the animals with TAP-144-SR (GnRH analogue) or performed an ovariectomy, which caused diminution of serum estradiol and progesterone levels, the message of HOGP was significantly decreased. Moreover, the message expression was greatly induced after estradiol administration to GnRH analogue-treated animals, whereas a high level of serum progesterone slightly inhibited HOGP message expression. These results suggest that elevation of the serum estradiol/ progesterone level affects the HOGP gene expression in the ampulla. However, a high serum estradiol level did not induce the gene expression rapidly, suggesting that an adequate serum hormonal level over a given period of time may be important for the HOGP gene expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Interictal cerebral and cerebellar blood flow in temporal lobe epilepsy as measured by a noninvasive technique using Tc-99m HMPAO.

The usefulness of noninvasive regional cerebral blood flow measurements using Tc-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HMPAO) was evaluated in 45 patients with interictal temporal lobe epilepsy. Seizure frequency did not show any influence on flow values or side-to-side asymmetry. Patients taking phenytoin had a significantly lower mean cerebral blood flow (mean 9.5%) and lower mean cerebellar blood flow (mean 12.9%) than those not taking it. Moreover, phenytoin reduced regional cerebral blood flow in the temporal regions more prominently on the contralateral side of the epileptic focus than on the ipsilateral side. Positive MRI findings of hippocampal sclerosis along with visually detected temporal hypoperfusion on SPECT showed a lower regional cerebral blood flow and greater flow asymmetry than other imaging findings in the temporal region. Results suggest that noninvasive cerebral blood flow measurements using Tc-99m HMPAO may give useful information about interictal cerebral blood flow around an epileptic focus and about the effects of antiepileptic drugs on brain function in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Adolescent↗