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Biomedical subjects

T Ono

Publications and source records attributed to T Ono.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[A case of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction after repair of ostium primum defect].

We report a 3-year-old girl with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction after repair of ostium primum defect. The girl had closure of an ostium primum defect performed at the age of 1 year. Two years later, she developed left ventricular hypertrophy with systolic ejection murmur. Echocardiography showed discrete stenosis of the left ventricular outflow tract. Cardiac catheterization showed a peak systolic gradient of 63 mmHg across the left ventricular outflow tract. At the reoperation, the fibrous tissue was excised and myectomy was done. After the operation the peak systolic gradient across the left ventricular outflow tract disappeared. Since there is a possibility of occurrence of the left ventricular outflow tract obstruction after repair of atrioventricular septal defect, long term follow up is mandatory.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical trial of anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies in advanced melanoma].

In this study, first the background of idiotype network and characterization of high molecular weight-melanoma associated antigen (HMW-MAA) was reviewed. Second, the development and characterization of syngeneic anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies (anti-Id mAb) against anti-HMW-MAA mAb was described. Among them, anti-Id mAb MK2-23 and TK7-371 were shown to have the internal image of HMW-MAA, since they induced anti-anti Id antibody that reacts with HMW-MAA and also delayed type hypersensitivity to melanoma cells. Third, the results of clinical trial with anti-Id mAb in patients with advanced melanoma was described. Among 60 patients, 7 showed clinical response (CR 1, PR 3, MR 3). The survival of patients who developed anti-HMW-MAA Ab was significantly longer than in patients without detectable anti-HMW-MAA Ab. Moreover, anti-Id mAb immunized the patients after removal of metastatic lesions. The disease-free interval of patients who developed high titer of anti-anti Id Ab was significantly longer than that of those with low titer of the Ab. These results suggest that the anti-Id mAb may be a useful reagent for active specific immunotherapy of melanoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Clinical relevance of ICAM-1 expression in primary lesions and serum of patients with malignant melanoma.

Immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibodies detected ICAM-1 in about 69% of 55 primary melanoma lesions and in about 89% of 28 metastatic lesions. The average number of melanoma cells stained by anti-ICAM-1 monoclonal antibodies was approximately 65% in both primary and metastatic lesions. ICAM-1 expression in primary lesions was significantly associated with their thickness. Furthermore, ICAM-1 expression in primary lesions was associated with a reduction in the disease-free interval and with survival. At variance with the information in the literature, the association with clinical parameters of the disease did not reach the level of statistical significance. This discrepancy is likely to reflect the inclusion in the present study of a small number of primary lesions with a thickness < 1.5 mm. At variance with recently published data, the level of serum ICAM-1 in 75 patients with malignant melanoma was found to be nonsignificantly different from that in 47 age- and sex-matched controls. The level of serum ICAM-1 was significantly increased only in patients with stage III melanoma with lesions and in those with stage IV melanoma. Two novel and clinically relevant findings of the present investigation are (a) the significantly higher serum ICAM-1 level in patients with liver metastases than in those with metastases in other anatomic sites and (b) the progressive increase of ICAM-1 level in serial blood samples from patients with disease progression. The latter findings suggest that monitoring of serum ICAM-1 level may represent a valuable noninvasive indicator system to detect liver metastases and to monitor the clinical course of the disease in patients with malignant melanoma.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1993

Flash induced XANES spectroscopy for the Ca-depleted Mn-cluster in the photosynthetic O2-evolving enzyme.

Flash-induced changes of the Mn K-edge absorption spectra have been studied in the oxygen-evolving complex depleted of Ca. The Mn K-edge energy for the Ca-depleted S1-state was lower by 1.5 eV than that for the normal S1-state. The K-edge energy upshifted by 1 eV after one flash, indicative of an oxidation of Mn. After two flashes, the K-edge was elevated as well by 0.4 eV, and then reached a steady-state high level after continuous illumination where the K-edge energy was higher by 0.9 eV than that after one flash. The results indicate that the Mn-cluster and/or its direct ligand could be oxidized up to two electrons but further events are blocked.

Calcium↗
PubMed1993

Monkey hippocampal neuron responses related to spatial and non-spatial influence.

Activity in the monkey hippocampal formation (HF) was analyzed during movement guided by auditory and visual cues. The monkey could control a motorized cab by pressing the proper 1 of 4 available levers within a 2.5 x 2.5 m field. Of 238 HF neurons analyzed, responses of 79 were place related and responses of 110 were task related. Of the task-related neurons, 33 were also place related, and responded to task cues only where place-related responses occurred. The results suggest HF gating of incoming non-spatial information, depending on information about location.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1993

Effect of microbial and mite proteases on low and high molecular weight kininogens. Generation of kinin and inactivation of thiol protease inhibitory activity.

Kinin release from guinea pig plasma high molecular weight kininogen (HMWK) induced by various microbial and mite proteases has been demonstrated previously (Molla, A., Yamamoto, T., Akaike, T., Miyoshi, S., and Maeda, H. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 10589-10594; Maruo, K., Akaike, T., Matsumura, Y., Kohmoto, S., Inada, Y., Ono, T., Arao, T., and Maeda, H. (1991) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1074, 62-68). In this paper, we describe the effects of various microbial and mite proteases on low molecular weight kininogen (LMWK) and HMWK from human plasma. A protease from the house dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae (Df-protease) directly liberated kinin from both LMWK and HMWK to a significant degree. The Km, kcat, and kcat/Km values for kinin generation from LMWK were 3.24 microM, 0.61 s-1, and 1.9 x 10(5) M-1 x s-1, respectively, and those for kinin generation from HMWK were 0.56 microM, 0.12 s-1, and 2.1 x 10(5) M-1 x s-1, respectively; kcat/Km values for Df-protease were comparable with that for glandular kallikrein. In contrast, microbial proteases showed only weak kinin-releasing activity from both human plasma kininogens. Four of ten different microbial proteases liberated kinin from LMWK, and only serratial 56-kDa protease released kinin from HMWK. Furthermore, Df-protease markedly inactivated the thiol protease inhibitory activity of LMWK and HMWK, whereas all microbial proteases (as well as the endogenous protease trypsin) did not affect this inhibitory activity of both kininogens from human plasma.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Cloning and chromosome mapping of the human Mel-18 gene which encodes a DNA-binding protein with a new 'RING-finger' motif.

It has recently been reported that there exists a new 'RING-finger' protein family among the zinc-finger (Zf) proteins. Previously, we had isolated the mouse Mel-18 cDNA (mMel-18) encoding the nuclear RING-finger protein that exhibits an ability to bind to a nonspecific DNA column. Here, we have isolated and characterized the human Mel-18 cDNA (hMel-18) using the mMel-18 cDNA as a probe. The deduced hMel-18 protein contains 344 amino acids (38 kDa) with a RING-finger motif, a helix-loop-helix (HLH)-like structure and a Pro/Ser-rich region. The hMel-18 gene is conserved among vertebrates. Its mRNA is highly expressed in placenta, lung and kidney, but the level is low in liver, pancreas and skeletal muscle. Using in situ hybridization, we mapped hMel-18 to band q22 of chromosome 12. It is possible that the Mel-18/bmi-1 gene family represents a mammalian homologue of the Drosophila polycomb gene group.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Selective loss of human leukocyte class I allospecificities and staining of melanoma cells by monoclonal antibodies recognizing monomorphic determinants of class I human leukocyte antigens.

Immunoperoxidase staining of frozen sections from surgically removed melanoma lesions showed that anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2, A28 monoclonal antibody (mAb) stained keratinocytes, but did not stain melanoma cells in 21% of the 14 primary and 44% of the 9 metastatic lesions tested. The loss of HLA-A2 and/or A28 allospecificities did not affect the staining patterns with mAb recognizing monomorphic determinants of HLA Class I antigens, in terms of percentage of stained melanoma cells and intensity of staining. This finding is not likely to reflect the sensitivity of the immunoperoxidase technique, since cytofluorographic analysis detected no significant difference in the staining pattern by mAb to monomorphic determinants of HLA Class I antigens between a melanoma cell line and an autologous transfectant that had acquired HLA-A2 antigens following gene transfer. The results of the present study imply that the frequency of abnormalities in HLA Class I antigen expression by melanoma cells is higher than that described in the literature, since selective losses of HLA Class I allospecificities are not detected by staining of melanoma cells with mAb to monomorphic determinants of HLA Class I antigens. The latter reagents have been used in most of the published studies to characterize the expression of HLA Class I antigens in melanoma lesions. Furthermore, the present results provide a mechanism for the unexpected resistance to cytotoxic T-cell-mediated lysis and the unexpected poor clinical course of the disease in some patients despite a high expression of HLA Class I antigens as measured by staining of melanoma cells with mAb to monomorphic determinants.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1993

Vitamin D receptor gene expression is up-regulated by 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.

Vitamin D3, especially 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1, 25 (OH)2 D3), has been shown to inhibit the differentiation of preadipose cells. In the present study, the expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) was examined by Northern blot analysis in rat adipose tissue and mouse 3T3-L1 adipose cells. The adipose tissue and 3T3-L1 cells expressed mRNA for VDR. Treatment of 3T3-L1 cells with 1 microM 1, 25 (OH)2 D3 led to a 4-5 fold increase in the VDR mRNA level. VDR mRNA expression was rapidly (within 4 hr) induced by physiological concentrations of 1,25 (OH)2 D3 in a dose-dependent manner. The induction of VDR expression did not require de novo protein synthesis but was completely abolished by an inhibitor of RNA synthesis.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1993

Amygdala-hypothalamic control of feeding behavior in monkey: single cell responses before and after reversible blockade of temporal cortex or amygdala projections.

Single unit activity in the monkey amygdala and the lateral hypothalamic area was recorded during an operant feeding task. The task required discrimination of food, non-food, rewarding, aversive, novel, and familiar objects. Correct discriminations were rewarded with food or juice. Some amygdala neurons responded to the sight of objects in a graded manner that depended on the degree of affective significance of the object. Some neurons in the lateral hypothalamus responded to reward predicting objects, such as the sight of some non-food item that had been associated with juice reward. Neuronal responses to the sight of objects were influenced by extinction or reversal tests. Responses in the amygdala depended on extent of the affect or value of the reward and responses in the lateral hypothalamus depended on positive reinforcement. Information processing in the inferotemporal cortex--amygdala--lateral hypothalamus axis was identified by reversible changes induced in the temporal cortex or amygdala by cooling. The results suggest that the amygdala contributes to stimulus--affect associations and that the lateral hypothalamus is related directly to the initiation or termination of feeding through learning of stimulus-reinforcement association and/or maintenance of homeostasis. In addition the results suggest that the amygdala does more sensory processing than the lateral hypothalamus.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1993

Association of high molecular weight melanoma-associated antigen expression in primary acral lentiginous melanoma lesions with poor prognosis.

In a recent study we detected marked differences in the antigenic profile of acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) and nodular melanoma lesions. Furthermore, we showed that the human high molecular weight melanoma-associated antigen (HMW-MAA) is expressed with a significantly higher frequency in metastatic than in primary ALM lesions. Because of the potential role of HMW-MAA in the metastatic process of melanoma cells, in the present investigation we tested whether HMW-MAA represents a useful prognostic marker in ALM. Primary ALM lesions removed from 32 patients were stained with anti-HMW-MAA monoclonal antibody (mAb) in an immunoperoxidase reaction. The results were correlated with the expression of other markers defined by mAb, with clinical parameters of the disease, and with histopathological characteristics of the lesions. Only 9 of the 32 primary ALM lesions tested were stained by anti-HMW-MAA mAb. Expression of HMW-MAA was the only variable associated with patients' survival and disease-free survival. Both were significantly shorter in patients with HMW-MAA expression in their primary lesions. These results suggest that HMW-MAA may represent a novel prognostic marker in ALM, since phenotyping of primary ALM lesions with anti-HMW-MAA mAb may provide information about the prognosis of the disease which cannot be obtained with known prognostic parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Cloning of a cDNA encoding rat intestinal 15 kDa protein and its tissue distribution.

A cDNA encoding rat intestinal 15 kDa protein was isolated and sequenced from a rat ileum-specific cDNA library. This cDNA was found to contain an open reading frame of 384 nucleotides as well as 5' (27 nucleotides) and 3' (46 nucleotides) non-coding regions. The deduced sequence of 127 amino acids was identical to that of rat I-15P which was purified from rat intestinal epithelium. The nucleotide sequence of the open reading frame exhibited 79% identity to that of the porcine gastrotropin. Northern blot analysis indicated that the same size of transcript as that of the ileum was detected in the ovary, suggesting that I-15P or a homologous protein might be involved in the metabolism of steroids in steroid hormone-producing tissues.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Effects of calcium deficiency on chondrocyte hypertrophy and type X collagen expression in chick embryonic sternum.

Maintenance of chick embryos in long-term culture without their calcareous egg-shell is a useful method for studying the relationship between calcium homeostasis and cell differentiation during skeletogenesis. Previously, we have shown that in shell-less (SL) embryos, calcium deficiency induces a cartilage-like phenotype in osteogenic tissues, such as calvaria (Jacenko and Tuan [1986] Dev. Biol. 115:215). In this investigation, we have studied the relationship between cartilage calcification and hypertrophy, and the expression of type X collagen, a specific product of hypertrophic chondrocytes. For this study, the cephalic (calcifying) and caudal (permanently cartilaginous) regions of sterna from day 18 and day 20 normal (NL) and SL embryos were metabolically labeled with [14C]-proline. Analysis of the biosynthetic products revealed significant differences in type X collagen expression in the cephalic region of sternal cartilage. In NL tissues, type X collagen production increased from 13.1% of total collagen at day 18 to 43.7% at day 20. In contrast, in SL embryos, type X collagen was not detectable until day 20, when it represented only 1% of total collagen. Comparison of the NL and SL embryos with respect to their serum calcium level and sternal calcium content and histology revealed a direct relationship between low systemic calcium and limited cartilage hypertrophy, undermineralization, and decreased type X collagen production in the sternal cephalic cartilage. Supplementation of CaCO3 to SL embryos increased their serum and sternal calcium, and restored cartilage hypertrophy, mineralization, and type X collagen synthesis in the cephalic portion of the sterna. These findings confirm that a critical relationship exists between calcium homeostasis, chondrocyte hypertrophy, mineralization, and type X collagen synthesis in the cephalic region of sternal cartilage. These results further demonstrate the importance of calcium in the morphogenetic events of endochondral ossification, in particular the transition from hyaline cartilage to hypertrophic cartilage, and eventually to bone.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Protein synthesis-dependent cytoplasmic translocation of p53 protein after serum stimulation of growth-arrested MCF-7 cells.

p53 protein was localized in the cytoplasm of growing and in the nucleus of growth-arrested MCF-7 cells. While the absolute amount and rate of synthesis of p53 in growing and arrested cells were nearly the same, the protein in growing cells was phosphorylated to a greater extent than in arrested cells. The abilities of the cytoplasmic and nuclear p53 proteins to bind to DNA sequences specific for p53 protein binding did not differ remarkably despite their differential phosphorylation levels. Serum-induced translocation of the p53 protein from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, as well as DNA and protein synthesis, were inhibited by cycloheximide. These results suggest that the DNA synthesis-associated cytoplasmic translocation of p53 protein in response to serum stimulation depends on de novo protein synthesis and not on alteration of the protein's ability to bind to specific DNA sequences.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical distribution of heart-type fatty acid-binding protein immunoreactivity in normal human tissues and in acute myocardial infarct.

The cellular distribution of heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) immunoreactivity was examined in normal human tissues using a polyclonal antibody against human H-FABP. Immunoreactivity was detected in cardiomyocytes of both ventricles and atria as well as in all striated muscles investigated. In addition, staining was frequently observed in parietal cells of the stomach, renal epithelial cells, acinar and ductal cells of the breast, ductal cells of the salivary gland, corpus luteum, and Leydig cells of the testis. Adipocytes and vascular endothelial cells were positive but other tissues and cells examined were negative. Old infarcts of the heart replaced by fibrous connective tissues were not labelled. Necrotic cardiomyocytes and morphologically normal cardiomyocytes in acute ischaemic lesions 1 h after onset showed reduced or no H-FABP immunoreactivity. Thus, decreased immunoreactivity for H-FABP may be a good histological marker of damaged cardiomyocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

SART stress effects on lymphocytes in the thymus and spleen of normal, adrenalectomized, and sympathectomized mice.

The effects of stress due to specific alteration of rhythm of temperature (SART) on lymphocyte subpopulations of the thymus and spleen were examined in C3H/He mice. Thymic and splenic involution were evident in SART-stressed mice, and lymphocyte subpopulations were significantly changed. In the thymus, CD4+ CD8+ and CD3- or CD3low lymphocytes were decreased by SART stress more than other lymphocytes, and CD4- and CD8-single-positive lymphocytes and B lymphocytes in the spleen were decreased equally. Immunoregulation via the adrenal glands and sympathetic nervous system was studied in chemically sympathectomized and adrenalectomized SART-stressed mice. Neither chemical sympathectomy nor adrenalectomy alone influenced the thymus or spleen in nonstressed mice, but chemical sympathectomy enhanced SART stress-induced thymic changes and further decreased the number of B lymphocytes in the spleen of SART-stressed mice; adrenalectomy blocked SART stress-induced thymic changes and increased the number of B lymphocytes in the spleen. These findings indicate that the genesis of thymic changes induced by SART stress is in the adrenal glands, and malfunction of sympathetic nerves and insufficient excretion of adrenal hormones could alter the balance of lymphocytes in the spleen during stress. It was also clear that thymic changes induced by SART stress could be immediately reversed to pretest conditions by alleviating the stress.

Adrenal Glands↗