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Biomedical subjects

T Ono

Publications and source records attributed to T Ono.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Efficacy of repeated hepatic dearterialization combined with intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy for unresectable tumors of the liver].

In the present study, repeated hepatic dearterialization combined with intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy was performed in patients with unresectable tumors of the liver. Of 36 patients, 16 had primary liver tumors (13 hepatocellular carcinomas and 3 cholangiocellular carcinomas), while 20 had metastatic tumors (7 gastric carcinomas, 10 colon carcinomas, 2 pancreatic carcinomas, and 1 gastric carcinoid). A significantly better survival outcome was found in those with intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy and those without cirrhosis. In the HCC cases, those with the therapy tended to show a better survival as compared with the natural history. Remarkable tumor regression was found in four (67%) of six patients with metastases of gastric cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Purification and characterization of recombinant squalene epoxidase.

Recombinant rat squalene epoxidase (rSE) was expressed in E. coli and purified to an apparent homogeneity. This expression system was constructed using squalene epoxidase (SE) cDNA in which nucleotides coding 99 amino acids in the N-terminal were deleted and nucleotides coding hexa-histidine in the C-terminal were added. Purification was carried out using Ni-chelate affinity agarose and Cibacron Blue Sepharose column chromatography. Purification was achieved 100-fold over the crude E. coli extract with a yield of about 50%. The purified enzyme demonstrated a single band on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme showed no distinct absorption spectrum in the visible regions. The properties of rSE were compared with those of rat liver microsomal SE. The requirement of the co-factors, the S105 fraction or Triton X-100, and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, the pH dependency for enzyme activity, and the sensitivity to NB-598 seen with both enzymes suggest that rSE has properties very similar to rat microsomal SE. 2,3-Oxi-dosqualene (OSQ) and 2,3;22,23-dioxidosqualene (DOSQ) were formed by rSE in a completely reconstituted system. It is suggested that recombinant squalene epoxidase catalyzes the conversion of squalene to 2,3-oxidosqualene and of 2,3-oxidosqualene to 2,3;22,23-dioxidosqualene.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[A case of patent urachus].

A case of congenital patent urachus is reported. A 12-month-old boy was referred to our outpatient clinic with the complaint of watery discharge from the navel. A cystography revealed the communication between the dome of the urinary bladder and the umbilicus. Excretion from the umbilicus of indigocarmine solution instilled into the urinary bladder was recognized. There were no complicated abnormalities in other organs. The patient underwent radical operation. Herein, we collected 164 cases of urachal disorders reported in Japan and reviewed the incidence, clinical symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. The classifications of the disease were briefly discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

[Anesthesia for removal of a large hepatoma under separated hepatic circulation].

A large hepatoma was removed under isolated hepatic perfusion. Hepatic circulation was separated from systemic circulation by clamping inferior vena cava, potal vein and hepatic artery. Lactated Ringer solution at 4 degrees C was perfused through potal vein, and disposed through the isolated part of inferior vena cava. Blood in proximal part of potal vein and right femoral vein was shunted to right axillary vein using a centrifugal pump. Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were prolonged to more than 200 seconds and 300 seconds, respectively, 50 minutes after the commencement of isolated hepatic circulation. They recovered to normal ranges 115 minutes after the declamping, by injection of fresh frozen plasma. On clamping of the inferior vena cava, superior vena cava pressure was elevated and cardiac output decreased. When declamped, an excessive hemorrhage from the cross section of the liver was observed. It took 30 minutes for the systolic blood pressure to recover to 80 mmHg by rapid blood transfusion (150 ml.min-1). The hepatic perfusion with chilled lactated linger solution reduced the peripheral body temperature to 29 degrees C. Hypocalcemia, which was probably due to the massive blood transfusion, was treated with calcium gluconate and calcium chloride.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1995

Enhanced mitogen-induced proliferation of rat splenocytes by low-dose whole-body X-irradiation.

To elucidate the stimulative effect on the immune system, we studied the effect of acute low-dose whole-body X-irradiation on the mitogen-induced proliferative responses of rat splenocytes and thymocytes. Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced mitogen response of rat splenocytes 4 hours after 5 cGy irradiation was significantly higher (by 80%, p < 0.02) than that in sham-irradiated controls; whereas that of rat thymocytes did not show change after irradiation of 1-10 cGy. In the rats X-irradiated with doses greater than 25 cGy, Con A-induced mitogen responses of splenocytes and thymocytes were reduced. In a way similar to the Con A-induced mitogen response of splenocytes, the mitogen response of splenocytes induced by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was significantly increased by X-irradiation with 5 cGy (by 50%, p < 0.02). The enhancement of mitogen response of splenocytes was observed within a few hours after irradiation, being a temporary effect. After 5 cGy irradiation the level of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in the supernatant fraction of the splenocyte suspension showed a significant increase (by 40%, p < 0.05).

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Neuronal activity in the primate hippocampal formation during a conditional association task based on the subject's location.

The hippocampal formation (HF) functions in two domains of memory: spatial and nonspatial associative memory. The HF includes the hippocampus proper, the dentate gyrus, and the subicular complex. Studies of spatial correlates of HF neuronal activity have revealed that a subject's location in space can impose critical constraints on patterns of neuronal activity in the HF. This report compares monkey HF neuronal responses in two kinds of stimulus-response association tasks (go/no-go tasks with symmetrical reinforcement). In a place-dependent, conditional, stimulus-response association (PCA) task, the subject's location was the condition upon which stimulus (object)-behavioral response association depended. In a place-in-dependent, simple, stimulus-response association (ISA) task, the object-behavioral response contingency was independent of the subject's location. Of 329 neurons recorded, the activity of 88 increased or decreased significantly in response to the presentation of an object during the PCA task. Responses of 17 neurons depended differentially on specific combinations of object, place, and behavior in the PCA task (specific-combination neurons). These specific-combination responses do not simply reflect object-behavioral response association in the PCA task, since neuronal responses in the same object-behavioral response association were not restored in the ISA task in which there was no dependence on the subject's location. This suggests the influence of location on HF neuronal responses in object-behavioral response association when the subject's location is imposed as a condition. Responses of 12 neurons differentiated the kind of object in the PCA task (object-differential neurons). In the ISA task, most object-differential responses diminished or disappeared. Since the HF object-differential responses elicited by the conditions imposed by the PCA task. Characteristics of the two neuron types suggest that HF neurons encode both stimulus percept and attributes such as the place where the stimulus is presented and the conditional relation imposed in the task.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[A case of tuberculosis in which hemoptysis was caused by bleeding from intercostal arteries].

A 60-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of persistent hemoptysis. Chest roentgenogram and computed tomogram revealed that the right hemithorax was almost completely occupied by solid material with scattered calcifications. Mycobacteria were detected in the sputum culture. Administration of antituberculosis agents began after admission. Four months after admission, massive hemoptysis occurred. Topical treatment via fiberoptic bronchoscopy resulted in no improvement. Surgical resection of the right lung would probably have been difficult because of the almost complete collapse of the right lung and the extensive calcifications within the right hemithorax. Angiographic examination revealed extravasation of contrast medium from the right 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, and 12th intercostal arteries. After transcatheter embolization of each of these intercostal arteries, hemoptysis stopped. It is unclear how bleeding from intercostal arteries caused massive hemoptysis, but the bleeding may have caused a right hemothorax that drained into an airway.

Embolization, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1995

A case of malignant melanoma: disease progression correlated with serum levels of 5-S-Cysteinyldopa (5-S-CD) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1).

A 36-year-old Japanese female, in whom malignant melanoma was detected from symptoms of brain metastasis, died 7 months later. The serum levels of 5-S-Cysteinyldopa (5-S-CD) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) correlated with the disease progression. These values may be useful markers of disease progression for malignant melanoma, because the material is easily, frequently, and non-invasively obtained at regular intervals.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Requirement of CD4+ T cells and antigen-presenting cells for primary in vitro generation of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells against Ld-binding self-peptide p2Ca.

We investigated the cellular requirement for primary in vitro generation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) in BALB/c spleen cells against Ld-binding self-peptide p2Ca. Depletion of CD4+ T-cells in vitro by pretreatment with anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) and complement or in vivo by administration of anti-CD4 mAb abrogated generation of CTL. Depletion of adherent cells by passing spleen cells through a nylon wool (NW) column also abrogated generation of CTL. Addition of peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) to spleen cells passed through the NW column restored CTL generation. These findings indicate that both CD4+ T-cells and antigen-presenting cells (APC) were necessary for CTL generation. Treatment of PEC with paraformaldehyde (PFA), but not mitomycin-C (MMC) abrogated their ability to restore CTL generation when mixed with spleen cells from the NW column, suggesting that an endocytic pathway could be involved in presentation of p2Ca on APC.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Place and contingency differential responses of monkey septal neurons during conditional place-object discrimination.

To elucidate spatial and cognitive function of the septal nuclei, neural activity was recorded from alert monkeys during performance of a place-dependent go/no-go (PGN) task. Response/reinforcement contingencies of given objects were conditional upon the location of a motorized, movable device (cab) containing a monkey in one of four places. The task was initiated by presentation of the outside view (place phase) followed by presentation of an object (object phase) selected from a total of four. A lever press was reinforced only if the correct object was seen in its corresponding place, and the same object was never reinforced in any of the other three places. Of 430 septal neurons recorded, the responses during the place phase in the four places were significantly different in 58 neurons. Responses of eight of these neurons were also place-differential during the object phase as well as the place phase. Furthermore, when the outside view was not presented before the object phase, differential responses in the object phase disappeared. Responses of 91 neurons in the object phase were differential in terms of go/no-go responses and reward availability. Of these 91 neurons, 72 were further tested on a place-independent asymmetrical go/no-go (AGN) task, which required no conditional discrimination. Forty-three neurons responded differentially only in the PGN task. It is thus concluded that this PGN-specific activity reflected conditional place-object relations. Of the remaining 29 neurons that responded differentially in both tasks, 21 were further tested by a place-independent symmetrical go/no-go task (no-go responses were also rewarded). Responses of 19 of these 21 neurons were related to the reward/nonreward contingency but not to the response contingency. The results suggest that septal nuclei are involved in integrating spatial information, conditional place-object relations, and reward/nonreward contingency.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Trunk deformity in scoliosis studied by surface measurement].

Ihe three-dimensional back surface shape of 504 patients with untreated idiopathic scoliosis was studied using moiré topography. A new system for the quantitative analysis of moiré pictures was developed with the aid of a still video photo system and microcomputer system. With these systems, the outcome of the analysis can be obtained immediately at the clinical scene. Using a positioning device that restrained the movement of the patient's pelvis at the time of taking the moiré picture, the reproducibility error was very small. The relationship of the parameters from the surface measurements with the radiographic appearance was then examined. The hump sum (HS), that is the sum total of the hump indices on three levels of the back was used as an index that represented the severity of the trunk deformity. It was possible to estimate objectively from HS, the correction in trunk deformity obtained after treatment. There was a relatively weak but statistically significant number of cases in which the degree of hump and that of the lateral curvature did not agree. Those within the range of one standard deviation from the regression line were defined as the standard rotation group, and those out of this range as the nonstandard rotation group. In the standard rotation group, the progression in curvature could be detected by moiré analysis so that exposure to radiation could be reduced. In the nonstandard rotation group, radiographic examination remained necessary, although the magnitude of the trunk deformity itself could be estimated more accurately by HS. The discrepancy between the HS and the Cobb angle suggested that scoliosis and rib deformity were independent from each other, and therefore they should be evaluated separately.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Beta 2-microglobulin has a strong affinity to bone marrow and synovium: an experimental study.

This experimental study was undertaken to clarify whether beta 2-microglobulin (B2M) deposits are the cause or merely the consequence of arthritis or osseous changes in chronic renal failure. Twenty-one heminephrectomized, male inbred DBA/1J mice were divided into 3 groups of 6 animals and a group of 3 mice. Collagen arthritis was produced by the intradermal injection of an emulsion of bovine collagen type II and complete Freund's adjuvant in groups 1, 2 and 4. Human urine derived B2M, 100 micrograms and 300 micrograms was then given subcutaneously to group 1 for up to 10 days and also to the 6 mice in group 3 without arthritis. Three mice in group 4 received horse myoglobin 100 micrograms daily for 1, 3 and 5 days as a control. Regardless of the presence of arthritis or osseous changes, B2M was deposited predominantly in the bone marrow and synovium of the B2M treated mice in groups 1 and 3. On the other hand, group 2 which had not been given B2M had no deposits. Deposits of myoglobin were not seen in group 4 mice. These findings suggest that B2M is deposited in the bone marrow and synovium as a primary event.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Dominant contribution of 5-hydroxytryptamine over thromboxane A2 in contractile response of rabbit isolated aortic preparation to thrombin activated platelets.

Activated platelets release two potent vasoconstrictors: viz., 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2). The aim of the present study is to clarify which of these vasoconstrictors released from activated platelets acts more predominantly on the vascular smooth muscle. The increase of intraluminal pressure, which is due to the vascular smooth muscle contraction, of isolated rabbit aortic preparation in response to 5-HT or STA2, a stable analog of TXA2 was significantly greater when these drugs applied from the intimal surface than when applied from adventitial surface. The contractile response to 5-HT or TXA2 was markedly depressed by the treatment with methysergide, a 5-HT receptor antagonist or ONO 3708, a TXA2 receptor antagonist, respectively. Thrombin administered from intimal or adventitial surface had almost no effect. However, thrombin administered from intimal or adventitial surface in the presence of washed platelets produced a marked contraction. The contractile response to thrombin in the presence of washed platelets was almost unaffected by the treatment with ONO 3708, while it was completely depressed by the treatment with methysergide. These findings may indicate that 5-HT released from activated platelets by thrombin contributes more dominantly to the contractile response of the vascular smooth muscle than TXA2.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Antagonism of relaxing responses to nitrovasodilators by cyanide in rabbit isolated aortic preparation.

Effect of sodium cyanide on the relaxing response (decrease of intraluminal pressure) to sodium nitroprusside, sodium nitrite, nitric oxide and human atrial natriuretic peptide (HANP) was investigated in isolated rabbit aortic preparations in vitro. Cyanide 1 microM approximately 1 mM produced relaxation in norepinephrine (NE) 1 microM-contracted aortic preparation in a concentration dependent manner. Cyanide 100 microM, which was administered approximately 8 min before NE addition, depressed the relaxing response to nitroprusside 0.1 microM in NE 1 microM-contracted aortic preparation. The relaxing responses to nitric oxide 0.3 and 3.3 microM were slightly, but concentration-dependently depressed by cyanide 1-100 microM, which was administered 6-10 min before nitric oxide addition, in NE 1 microM-contracted aortic preparations. Cyanide 100 microM and 1 mM, which was administered 4-10 min after nitroprusside 0.1 microM, reversed the nitroprusside-induced relaxation in NE 1 microM contracted aortic preparation. Namely, relaxing response of NE-contracted aortic preparation to cyanide was converted into contractile response in the presence of nitroprusside. Similar reversal phenomena of the responses to cyanide 100 microM and 1 mM were also observed in the presence of sodium nitrite 0.1 microM or nitric oxide 3.3 microM, but those were less extent than that of nitroprusside 0.1 microM. On the contrary, the relaxing response to cyanide 100 microM was unaffected by pretreatment with HANP 0.37 nM. These findings may indicate that cyanide inhibits soluble guanylate cyclase activated by nitroprusside, sodium nitrite or nitric oxide through interaction with nitric oxide and heme binding site of the enzyme.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the colon.

A case of primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the colon in a 73-year old woman is reported. Primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the colon is rare, and follows more highly aggressive course. But this case was successfully resected with prolonged survival. The pertinent literature is reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Clinical characteristics of hepatitis C virus-associated retinopathy.

The morbidity rate for retinopathy of unknown origin was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in the chronic hepatitis C group, 27 (31.8%) of 85 cases, than in the control group, 6 (6.0%) of 100 cases. Among hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated retinopathy patients, 6 cases (22.2%) were aware of ocular subjective symptoms, retinopathy recurred in 8 (29.6%) cases, binocular retinopathy occurred in 14 (51.9%) cases, and retinopathy related to liver dysfunction, in 13 (81.3%) of 16 tested cases. HCV-associated retinopathy involved hemorrhage at the posterior pole retina in 21 (77.8%), cotton-wool patches in 9 (33.3%), and hemorrhage at the peripheral retina in 7 (25.9%) cases. Sequelae occurred in only one case. Retinopathy worsened or recurred in all 7 cases treated with interferon. The risk factors for HCV-associated retinopathy were mild thrombocytopenia (P < 0.001), long-term hepatitis illness (P < 0.005), advanced age (P < 0.02), concurrence with liver cirrhosis (P < 0.02), history of systemic hypertension (P < 0.05), and female gender (P < 0.05).

Adult↗