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Biomedical subjects

T Olsson

Publications and source records attributed to T Olsson.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Bronchostenosis due to sarcoidosis: a cause of atelectasis and airway obstruction simulating pulmonary neoplasm and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Ninety-nine patients with clinically and histopathologically established sarcoidosis were studied during the period of January 1971 to October 1977 using the bronchoscope. In 32 patients, biopsy of the bronchial mucosa showed a microscopic picture typical of sarcoidosis. In eight (8 percent) of the 99 patients, severe stenosis of the bronchi was seen. We conclude that bronchial sarcoidosis with multiple segmental or lobar stenosis can closely imitate the clinical picture of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Bronchostenosis in sarcoidosis can cause atelectasis visible on the chest x-ray film and thus closely simulate a pulmonary neoplasm.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Uptake and retrograde axonal transport of various exogenous macromolecules in normal and crushed hypoglossal nerves.

Macromolecular tracers were injected into the tongue or around a crush in mouse hypoglossal nerves. At various times thereafter, the tracers were histochemically localized on the basis of peroxidase activity. The distribution of reaction product was then examined using light microscopy in order to study the influence of molecular charge and size on uptake and retrograde axonal transport from the periphery or from the crushed axon. Of various proteins with peroxidase activity, horseradish peroxidase and cytochrome-c showed the greatest penetration into axons proximal to the crush. Following injection into the tongue, intra-axonal cytochrome-c was detectable in some of the peripheral branches but not any of the other proteins. Retrograde transport to the nerve cell bodies was demonstrated for horseradish peroxidase and cytochrome-c, both from the tongue and from the axonal crush but not for microperoxidase, myoglobin, hemoglobin, lactoperoxidase and catalase. The number of neuronal cell bodies having detectable reaction product was higher for peroxidase-injected than for cytochrome-c-injected animals. Ferritin and iron-dextran (Imferon) also accumulated in hypoglossal neurons, but this could be detected only after repeated injections into the tongue. Uptake and retrograde transport from the tongue or from the crush occurred both for anionic and for cationic horseradish peroxidase. This is interpreted as evidence against absolute specificity in the uptake and transport of macromolecules on the basis of electrical charge.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Clinical application of evoked electroencephalographic responses in newborn infants. I: Perinatal asphyxia.

Evoked electroencephalographic responses are useful for the study of cerebral maturation in full-term and pre-term newborn infants. In an attempt to achieve wider clinical application, 57 newborn infants with differing degrees of perinatal asphyxia were examined. Altogether 154 examinations were performed. In all of them photostimulation was used, and in 72 investigations somatosensory evoked responses were also recorded. The following results were obtained: (1) Visual evoked responses were affected in 85 per cent of the cases. Somatosensory evoked responses were affected less often - in 65 per cent of the newborn babies examined. The incidence and degree of deviations were related to the degree of asphyxia. (2) The most characteristic features of the evoked responses in asphyxiated infants were abnormal response patterns, increase of latency and poor photic driving. (3) On the basis of all alterations observed, a scoring system was developed which enabled quantitative evaluation. The evoked response risk-score correlated well with the degree of asphyxia. (4) Repeated observations were important: a permanently high risk-score at repeated investigations was a serious prognostic sign.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1977

A modified forced oscillation technique for measurements of respiratory resistance.

We present a modification of forced oscillation technique for automated determination of total respiratory resistance during inspiration. The modifications consist of a computerized signal averaging and an optimization technique in the assessment of the resistance value. Thereby a favorable signal-to-noise ratio is obtained, allowing very low superimposed pressure oscillations. The method is validated by comparison with a conventional esophageal balloon method, by estimating added mechanical resistances in healthy subjects and by measuring the effect of bronchodilation in asthmatic children. The coefficient of variation as obtained from day-to-day measurements was about 7%. Mechanical resistances, estimated as the difference in total resistance with and without external resistance, were within 7% of their values determined for the resistances alone. A significant decrease in resistance was obtained in each of the asthmatic children following bronchodilation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Total hip replacement in ankylosing spondylitis.

Eighteen total hip replacements were performed in 10 patients with ankylosing spondylitis. The mean observation time was 3.8 years. Seven hips had been operated on before total hip replacement (THR); 6 Were ankylotic before THR. The results as regards pain relief and increased walking distance were good. All hips improved in mobility after THR and this improvement was maintained during the observation time. Six of the 10 patients went back to full-time work. The differences between patients with ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis, as regards indications for and rehabilitation after THR, are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Experiences with triggered pulmonary exposures in children.

With conventional manual triggering technique pulmonary exposures expected to time and end-inspiration were made on 51 small children. These exposures showed a random distribution. Transthoracic impedance reflects the variations in the pulmonary air-fluid ratio during respiration. In 94 infants and small children the transthoracic impedance was monitored while pulmonary exposures were triggered by a pulse given at the level of end-inspiration or end-expiration. It was found that transthoracic impedance as a triggering device permitted precise matching of the exposures to end-inspiration or end-expiration.

Humans↗