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Biomedical subjects

T Okuno

Publications and source records attributed to T Okuno.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Anti-platelet antibody determination by platelet factor 3 assay.

Anti-platelet antibody determinations by a recently introduced platelet factor 3 assay (Pf-3 assay) were evaluated in 159 specimens from 95 patients who had low platelet counts. As a standard procedure, the 51Cr lysis test (51Cr test) was used. The 51Cr test and Pf-3 assay had an excellent correlation (results agreed for 80.5% of 159 specimens tested). Overall positive results for the 159 specimens were 27.7% by the 51Cr test and 22.0% by the Pf-3 assay. A significantly high incidence of anti-platelet antibodies (71.4%) was found in patients who had received more than 10 units of blood transfusions, in contrast to a non-transfused group, which had an incidence of 6.3%. The difference between transfused and non-transfused groups was significant (x2 = 11.854, p less than 0.001). The Pf-3 assay is easy to perform in most laboratories and yet sensitive enough to detect anti-platelet antibodies that were detectable by the 51Cr test.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Clinical investigation of infantile convulsion.

We investigated 104 cases of infantile convulsions which occurred before two years of age. These cases had no detectable signs of acute brain disorders, and they had normal psychomotor development and normal EEG findings at onset. (1) Sex ratio was 1:1. (2) A positive family history of various types of convulsions was obtained in 30.8% (Febrile convulsion: 65.7%) (3) The incidence of perinatal anoxic brain damage was higher than that in the control group. This was probably related to the incidence of infantile convulsion. (4) More than half the cases (66.3%) had the first convulsion between three and eight months of age, and 95.6% of prospectively follow-up cases were shown free from attacks before two years of age. (5) Precipitating factors to convulsion were found in 45.1% of all cases. These factors were bathing and non-febrile infection. (6) The most common form of infantile convulsion is generalized tonic and/or clonic convulsion (78.8%) within 5 min. (82.7%). This convulsion reccurs frequently in a relatively short period. (7) The incidence of subsequent epilepsy seems to have been found among patients who had had an initial attack between three and five months of age, and had then experienced convulsion more than six times or in a prolonged state.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Failure to prove arenavirus infection among the small mammals from an endemic area of Korean hemorrhagic nephrosonephritis.

In the light of recent knowledge on a complex of diseases caused by a new group of viruses, arenaviruses, virological studies largely directed toward small field mammals were undertaken during 1973-1974 aiming at etiological clarification of Korean hemorrhagic nephrosonephritis (KHNN). Specimens were collected in an endemic area of KHNN located north to northeast of Seoul. Virus isolation tests with 299 urine specimens and 131 mite pools recovered from small mammals and 14 acute stage sera from typical cases yielded negative results. Complement-fixation (CF) tests failed to detect antibodies against the antigens of Congo, lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM), Tacaribe, and Pichinde viruses among 366 small mammal sera. In addition, CF tests of 59 of the above sera against Apoi and Lassa virus antigens were negative. The results do not support the likelihood of an arenavirus being transmitted among Korean small field mammals, the overwhelming majority of which were Apodemus agrarius. A hypothesis that KHNN is caused by a virus of small field mammal origin was not proved within the technical limit of relatively unsophisticated methods employed herein.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Experimental transmission of Japanese encephalitis virus by Culex tritaeniorhynchus and C. fuscocephalus.

Experimental transmission of Japanese encephalitis virus from swine to baby chicks was accomplished using Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex fuscocephalus, two of three mosquito species in Taiwan from which the virus has been recovered in nature. Whereas neither species had become infective by the twelfth day, one of ten C. fuscocephalus and 11 of 51 C. tritaeniorhynchus were infective by the seventeenth day of extrinsic incubation as verified by viraemia in chicks fed upon by potentially infective mosquitoes. The highest transmission rate obtained was 81% for C. tritaeniorhynchus on the twenty-first day of extrinsic incubation.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The significance of small erythrocytes.

Small erythrocytes (mean corpuscular volume less than 80 mu-3 by the Coulter Model S) were found in 222 (2.75%) of 8,086 consecutive patients admitted to a large suburban general hospital. Forty-five (20.3%) of these 222 patients had laboratory findings consistent with thalassemia. Seventy-six (31.2%) were found to be iron deficient. Patients whose hemoglobin values were below 9.0 Gm. per 100 ml. were more likely to be iron deficient. The hemoglobin A2 values were significantly lower in iron-deficient than in non-iron-deficient patients. Although the mean corpuscular volume is much lower and the erythrocyte count is higher in thalassemia than in iron deficiency, hematologic values obtainable from the Counlter S (such as MCV, erythrocyte count, and hemoglobin) alone are not valuable in differentiating thalassemia from iron deficiency.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1975

Anticoagulant activity of heparin in intravenous fluids.

The anticoagulant activity of heparin dissolved in intravenous solutions was measured by two different methods of heparin assay. Both procedures showed markedly reduced anticoagulant activity within four hours after the addition of heparin to the solutions. When measured according to the procedure of Yin, heparin in the intravenous solutions fully regained its lost anticoagulant activity after 24 hours at room temperature. When measured by the thrombin time, however, the heparin anticoagulant activity reamained reduced. The source of heparin, from either the lung or intestine, does not explain the reduction in anticoagulant activity. Although its cause is unknown, the erratic behaviour of heparin in intravenous solutions stresses the importance of a laboratory monitor of heparin therapy.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1973

Seasonal infection of Culex mosquitos and swine with Japanese encephalitis virus.

A year-round study of the infection rates of JE virus in Culex mosquitos was made during 1970-71 in 2 hamlets in Taoyuan County, China (Province of Taiwan). JE virus was recovered from 5 of 314 pools of C. annulus, and from 1 of 22 pools of C. tritaeniorhynchus; these recoveries occurred during a 14-day period in July 1971. None of the 288 pools of C. p. fatigans, which had been collected between October and April, was positive. In addition, sentinel swine were assessed for antibody and virus. All the pigs became highly immune by 23 July; in each hamlet all the pigs had become infected within 1 week, virus being detected in them for only 1-2 weeks. Virus-positive mosquitos appeared to have obtained their infections at about the time that viraemia was occurring in the sentinel swine. These observations illustrate once again the lower infection rate and shorter duration of virus-positive mosquitos in China (Province of Taiwan) as compared with Japan.

Animals↗