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Biomedical subjects

T Okano

Publications and source records attributed to T Okano.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Enzyme activities and sodium-dependent active D-glucose transport in apical membrane vesicles isolated from kidney epithelial cell line (LLC-PK1).

Apical membrane vesicles were isolated from the confluent LLC-PK1 cells by nitrogen cavitation and Mg/EGTA precipitation methods. The specific activities of marker enzymes for apical membranes were enriched 8- to 18-fold relative to those in the homogenate. D-[3H]Glucose uptake into the vesicles was stimulated in the presence of Na+ gradient (overshoot phenomenon), and the values of apparent Km and Vmax for Na+-dependent component of D-glucose uptake were 0.3 mM and 5.8 nmol/mg protein per min, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Cardiovascular lesion of carcinoid syndrome. An autopsy case of bronchial carcinoid.

An autopsy case of a 67-year-old Japanese male is presented. He had been suffering from carcinoid syndrome for 5 years and showed a typical picture of carcinoid heart disease. In Japan, carcinoid heart disease is rare and we can find only four reported cases (33% of reported carcinoid syndrome). The patient had high urinary secretion of 5-HIAA and high serum serotonin, and finally he died of heart failure and bronchopneumonia. The primary site of this carcinoid tumor was of the bronchus of the right B10c , and it had large hepatic metastases. Electronmicroscopically, the tumor cells had secretory granules measuring 1500-3500 A in diameter. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were markedly positive for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and positive for serotonin, in both the primary site and hepatic metastases. Characteristic fibrous plaques were detected in the right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, and left atrium. Electron-microscopically, the fibrous plaques consisted of smooth muscle cells and myofibroblasts surrounded by basement membrane-like material. The abundant matrix of the fibrous plaques contained acid mucopolysaccharide, microfibrils and collagen fibers. The same fibrous plaques were also found in hepatic veins. Furthermore, retroperitoneal fibrosis was present, which showed proliferation of myofibroblasts, fibroblasts and immature mesenchymal cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Sex steroid-binding protein in a subline of Dunning R 3327 prostatic adenocarcinoma of the rat.

A transplantable tumor CUB-II, a subline derived from the Dunning R 3327 rat prostatic adenocarcinoma, contains a unique sex steroid-binding protein. The protein possesses binding sites for androgens as well as for estrogens, and the binding affinity to androgen is higher than that to estrogen. The sedimentation coefficient of the protein is 10S. Sodium thiocyanate inhibits the binding to both sex steroids. This type of binding is not present in the 0.4M KC1 extract of nuclei. These results suggest that the binding protein is not the receptor for steroid hormones in spite of its high affinity binding to androgens and estrogens. Since the original tumor does not contain such protein, production of this binding protein seems to take place during culture in vitro and/or serial transplantations of the tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of vitamin D in foods, feeds and pharmaceuticals by successive use of reversed-phase and straight-phase columns.

A simplified and accurate method for the determination of vitamin D in foods, feeds and pharmaceuticals was established by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using successively reversed-phase and straight-phase columns. About 1-2 g of a sample was accurately weighed and directly saponified. The extracted unsaponifiable matter was subjected to preparative HPLC using a reversed-phase column and a vitamin D fraction was collected. The fraction was subsequently subjected to analytical HPLC using a straight-phase column and vitamin D was assayed by estimating the peak height. The proposed method was applied to various kinds of samples, e.g., fishery products, fish meals, mixed feeds for fish farming and chicken farming, egg yolk, milk products, cattle liver, Shiitake, fortified foods and multivitamin preparations. The results showed that the proposed method was useful for the determination of vitamin D in such samples, because the peak of vitamin D in the profile of the second HPLC was always clearly separated from other concomitants and good recovery was obtained. Therefore, we think that the method is useful as a routine one for the determination of vitamin D in foods, feeds and pharmaceuticals.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1984

High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of vitamin D3 in fish liver oils and eel body oils.

Identification and determination of vitamin D3 (or D2) and 25-OH-D3 in fish liver oils and eel body oils were carried out. By co-chromatography on HPLC, UV spectra and/or GC-MS, vitamin D3 was identified in naturally occurring fish liver oils and eel body oils, whereas a drop of fish liver oil contained supplemented vitamin D2. 25-OH-D3 was identified only in skipjack liver oil. The HPLC method proposed in a previous report (Takeuchi, A. et al. (1984): J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol., 30, 11-25) was confirmed to also be useful for determination of vitamin D3 (or D2) in fish liver oils and eel body oils. The assayed values of vitamin D3 in skipjack and tuna liver oils were 57,760 and 16,200 IU/g, respectively, which were much higher than those in cod and pollack liver oils. The assayed values of vitamin D3 in eel body oils were very low (16-43 IU/g) and showed no appreciable change despite differences in the farming conditions. Determination of 25-OH-D3 in skipjack oil was performed by using HPLC, and the assayed value was 1.8 micrograms/g. This was about 1/800 lower than that of vitamin D3.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of vitamin D3 in bovine colostrum, early and later milk.

A simplified and accurate method for determination of naturally occurring vitamin D3 in bovine milk was established by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using successively reversed-phase and straight-phase columns. Exactly 25.0 ml of a sample of bovine milk was taken and the lipid was extracted with a solvent mixture of petroleum ether and ethyl ether (1:1) with small amounts of ethanol and Triton X-100, present. The extracted lipid was subjected to the first preparative HPLC using a Nucleosil 5C18 column (reversed-phase type) with acetonitrile-methanol (1:1) as the mobile phase, and a fraction containing vitamin D3 was isolated. The fraction was subsequently subjected to the second analytical HPLC using a Zorbax SIL column (straight-phase type) with 0.4% isopropanol in n-hexane as the mobile phase. Vitamin D3 was assayed by estimating the peak height on the chromatogram. The overall recovery and CV values were 92.1 +/- 8.7% and 9.4%, respectively, which were satisfactory. The proposed method was applied to several kinds of colostrum, early and later bovine milk in pairs. The assayed values in the colostrum of the group with large amounts of vitamin D3 administered before delivery to prevent parturient paresis were higher than those in the group with no administration. However, the values of the former group generally decreased in the respective early and later milk in step and there were few differences among those in the later milk of the two groups. The assayed values in later milk were 30-80 IU/liter.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The physiochemical and immunological characteristics of rat lymph binding protein for 25-hydroxyvitamin D3.

The binding proteins for 25-hydroxyvitamin D3(25-OH-D3) in rat lymph and plasma were purified to apparent homogeneity as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate disc gel electrophoresis. The purification procedures included the following techniques: gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 and G-200; affinity chromatography on Blue Sepharose CL-6B; ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B; chromatofocussing on a Mono P column. Both proteins from lymph and plasma were eluted with the same retention time from an isoelectric column at a pH of approximately 4.53 and showed nearly identical data on the analysis of amino acid composition. When specific anti-lymph 25-OH-D3-binding protein antiserum was prepared in a rabbit, and Ouchterlony immunodiffusion was performed, the same precipitate line was observed on both lymph and plasma binding proteins. These results strongly suggest that a common transport protein exists in both rat lymph and plasma and circulates in the blood-lymph system.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

[Bladder cancer in elderly patients].

Seventy of the 205 patients treated for bladder cancer in the past 8 years were over 70 years old (older group). The male to female ratio was 2.2 in older group, and that for the younger group was 4.1. The incidence of high grade cancer was larger in the older group than in the younger group. The 5-year survival rate was 42% for the older group and 66% for the younger group. The older patients with superficial cancer died mostly because of other causes and those with invasive cancer died of cancer. Eight cases of high grade, low stage cancer were treated by TUR or radiation, and they were well-controlled.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Carrier-mediated transport of amino-cephalosporins by brush border membrane vesicles isolated from rat kidney cortex.

The uptake of cephalosporin antibiotics by brush border membrane vesicles isolated from rat renal cortex has been studied by a rapid filtration technique, demonstrating a carrier-mediated transport system for amino-cephalosporins such as cephalexin and cephradine. The antibiotics were taken up into an osmotically reactive intravesicular space. The uptake of cephalexin was saturable (apparent Km2.2 mM), was inhibited by structural analogues and sulfhydryl reagents, and was stimulated by the countertransport effect, although the Na+ gradient did not affect the uptake. This transport system was essentially different from the transport system for p-aminohippurate in brush border membranes. The uptake properties for cephradine in brush border membrane vesicles appeared to be similar to those for cephalexin. The present results suggest the existence of a carrier-mediated transport system for amino-cephalosporins in brush border membranes. This system may be a part of the mechanism of tubular reabsorption of these antibiotics.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effects of harringtonine in combination with acivicin, adriamycin, L-asparaginase, cytosine arabinoside, dexamethasone, fluorouracil or methotrexate on human acute myelogenous leukemia cell line KG-1.

Harringtonine (HT) is a new antitumor agent reported to be active in patients with leukemia and lymphoma. The interaction of HT with various antitumor agents was studied in vitro using a human acute myelogenous leukemia cell line KG-1. For the analysis of the drug - drug interaction at the cellular level, Steel proposed the concept of an envelope of additivity. Using this concept, the effect of a two drug combination can be classified as supraadditive (enhancement of the effect), non-interactive (additive), subadditive, and protective (antagonistic). Combination of HT and cytosine arabinoside or HT and dexamethasone produced only additive effects. Combination of HT and methotrexate was subadditive. For HT plus adriamycin or HT plus 5-fluorouracil, data points indicated both subadditive and protective interaction. HT plus acivicin or HT plus L-asparaginase combinations were found to be protective of each other. None of the seven agents produced supraadditive interaction. These results may provide the basis for selecting sequential rather than concurrent combinations which include HT for the treatment of leukemia in man.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1983

Distribution and redistribution of pancreatic islet cell surface antigen reactive with islet cell surface antibody in the rat.

Antigens on the rat pancreatic islet cell surface were redistributed into patch and cap formation when the cells were incubated in the presence of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, in tissue culture medium 199 for 24 h, before addition of rat pancreatic islet cell surface antibody. In contrast, if the cells were cultured in tissue culture medium 199 supplemented with glucose (5.5 or 16.7mmol/l) and 10% heat-inactivated fetal calf serum without 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, cap formation was not detectable. These results suggest that mobile antigen on the surface of pancreatic B cells can be induced to aggregate into patch and cap formations during conditions of increased cellular metabolism.

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗
PubMed1983

Effective exposure level and diagnostic performance in endodontic radiography.

Image quality is limited by the information capacity of the image-forming system and can be computed from three parameters: contrast, resolution, and noise. These parameters can be combined to yield a single measure which determines the maximum amount of information obtainable from any x-ray system and is called the noise-equivalent number of quanta (NEQ) per unit area. The effects of image quality, expressed as noise-equivalent number of quanta (NEQ) per unit area, on the radiographic performance by dentists reading the position of an endodontic file in a root canal were studied. Three different speed films were used in conjunction with a fixed screen. NEQ values ranged between 0.64 x 10(4) and 14.3 x 10(4) per square millimeter. Components of variance associated with the position of the tooth apex and the tip of an endodontic file in a root canal were compared for the effect of different NEQs and observers. Results show that the standard deviation in locating a file tip and tooth apex may be a linear function of log NEQ. The estimated standard deviation associated with changes in NEQ was found to be relatively small compared to that observed among dentists. These findings indicate that a significant reduction in exposure would have a relatively small effect on the precision of endodontic distance measurements.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗