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Biomedical subjects

T Okano

Publications and source records attributed to T Okano.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Survivals of incidental renal cell carcinoma].

Between January 1987 and July 1988, 151 cases of renal cell carcinoma were nephrectomized at out institutions. Among them 41 cases (27.2%) were diagnosed incidentally. The ratio of incidental carcinoma has been increasing steadily in the past decade. Thirty-four of these cases (82.9%) were detected by ultrasound, 4 by computerized tomography, and three by excretory urography. Twenty-eight of these cases were found serendipitously during examination for other diseases, while others had no symptoms at all. Only 8 of these cases (19.5%) showed microscopic hematuria. The stage and the grade of these incidental carcinoma were significantly lower than those of symptomatic carcinoma (p less than 0.001). The survival rate of the former was better than that of the latter (p less than 0.01), especially in patients with pT1-2b tumors (p less than 0.05) or with tumors smaller than 10 cm in diameter (p less than 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Conservative surgery of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas].

In the last ten years 19 patients with urothelial cancer of the upper urinary tract underwent excision of the tumor with preservation of the ipsilateral kidney. Renal function was preserved well in all cases in 31 months of the mean follow up term. In the presence of a normal contralateral kidney, local tumor excision was done electively in 12 patients (5 lower portion of ureter, 5 low grade lesions, 2 high age), local recurrence developed 6-63 months after operation in 2 patients, and they underwent nephroureterectomy. 11 cases are alive with no evidence of disease and one is alive with contralateral renal pelvic cancer. Absolute indications for conservative surgery were solitary kidneys/non functioning contralateral kidney in 3 patients and bilateral tumor in 4 patients. Most tumors were high grade or high stage (6: grade 2,4: PT2). No one had local recurrence, but one had a metastasis to a lung, 4 were suffering from bladder cancer post-operatively. Three patients died from cancer 20-30 months after operation. Local excision of urothelial cancer should be considered not only for cases of contralateral damaged kidneys but also for low grade, low stage localized tumors. Precise preoperative evaluation of tumors using a ureteroenoscope should be made for the indication of the renal preservative operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Factors influencing the prognosis of grade 1 renal cell carcinoma].

Between 1960 and 1988, 65 patients with grade 1 renal cell carcinoma were nephrectomized in our institutions. To delineate potentially curable cancer, the host and tumor factors influencing the prognosis were analyzed. Factors that had unfavorable effects were the presence of tumor thrombi in renal veins, fever, and elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), serum alpha 2-globulin and C-reactive protein (CRP). Patients who were under 39-years-old or with pT1-2a tumor had excellent prognosis. The ratio of tumor thrombi, pT, fever, ESR, serum alpha 2-globulin and CRP levels all increased with age. In conclusion, patients with normal levels of fever, ESR, serum alpha 2-globulin, CRP and no tumor thrombi and/or with pT1-2a tumor were considered to be the potentially curable cancer patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Pelvic lymph node dissection for invasive bladder cancer].

From 1979 through 1988, 64 men and 16 women (age range 36-82; mean 63 years) with bladder cancer underwent pelvic lymph node dissection and radical cystectomy with urinary diversion. Bilateral common iliac, external iliac, internal iliac, obturator and presacral nodes were removed and examined. The frequency of involvement of each nodal group was the highest at the common iliac and the external iliac nodes followed by the obturator, presacral and internal iliac nodes. The incidence of lymph node metastasis increased with the tumor grade and pathological stage. The incidence of positive nodes is 3.7% in patients with P1 tumors, 10% in P2, and 17% in P3 tumors. Of these patients, 9 were with nodal metastasis; seven died of metastatic cancer 3 to 37 months post-operatively, two were alive for 4 to 41 months without evidence of recurrence. The mean survival time was significantly longer than that of the historical control group (1975-1978 total cystectomy without node dissection).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Histological effect of preoperative irradiation in bladder cancer].

Forty-seven patients with high grade invasive bladder cancer were treated with preoperative radiation therapy (910 rad by fast neutron or 3000 rad by X-ray for two weeks) followed by radical cystectomy and urinary diversion. Stage down effect was observed in 32% of patients when comparison was made between the clinical and pathological stages. Those who showed stage down effect had better prognosis when compared those without it. Histopathological effect of Grade 2B or Grade 3, according to the criteria described by Ohboshi and Shimosato, was noticed in 49% of the patients. Five year survival was as follows: 100% (PT0, PTis), 75% (PT1), 100% (PT2), 47% (PT3), 0% (PT4). These results clearly showed the improvement of prognosis compared to the historical control.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of refractory testicular cancer showing complete response to high-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation].

A patient with stage III testicular cancer was treated by 3 courses of BEP therapy and a partial response was obtained. Afterwards he underwent resection of pulmonary residual tumors and was treated by 2 courses of PE therapy immediately after operation. However, a new pulmonary tumor appeared after the first course of PE therapy was completed. He was treated by high-dose chemotherapy (etoposide 1200 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide 120 mg/kg, CDDP 60 mg/m2) with autologous bone marrow transplantation. Three weeks after high-dose chemotherapy his metastatic pulmonary tumor showed cavity formation which disappeared after 3 months. Fifteen months after the high-dose chemotherapy, no evidence of disease has been seen even without maintenance therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Frequency of anti-centromere antibodies in the anti-mitochondrial antibody positive sera].

Autoantibodies give us useful informations for the understanding of the co-existence of multiple autoimmune diseases in an individual patient. This study was undertaken to clarify the frequency of anti-centromere antibodies in the sera which were positive for anti-mitochondrial antibodies. Serum samples with anti-mitochondrial antibodies were examined on the frozen rat liver section and HEp-2 cells by indirect immunofluorescence. 57 out of 239 anti-mitochondrial antibody positive sera were found to contain specific autoantibodies reactive with centromeric antigens of the HEp-2 chromosomal spreads. The co-existence of anticentromere antibodies with anti-mitochondrial antibodies were significantly more frequent than with other defined autoantibodies. Clinical observation which shows frequent association of CREST syndrome and primary biliary cirrhosis appear to be explained by the frequent occurrence of anti-centromere antibodies and anti-mitochondrial antibodies.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1989

Effect of various chemical modifiers on H+ coupled transport of cephradine via dipeptide carriers in rabbit intestinal brush-border membranes: role of histidine residues.

We examined the effect of diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC), a histidine specific reagent, on H+ coupled transport of cephradine via dipeptide carriers in the intestinal brush-border membranes, in comparison with the effects of other chemical modifiers. Pretreatment of membrane vesicles with DEPC resulted in the inhibition of cephradine transport in the presence or absence of an inward H+ gradient. This inhibition was reversed by subsequent treatment with hydroxylamine, but not with dithiothreitol. The inactivation by DEPC pretreatment was abolished by the presence of cephradine or glycylsarcosine. In the DEPC-pretreated membranes, the V(max) value of cephradine uptake was decreased without any change in the Km value. In contrast, cephradine uptake was not changed by the pretreatment with N-acetylimidazole, a tyrosine specific reagent, or p-chloromercuribenzene sulfonate, a sulfhydryl reagent. These results suggest that histidine residues in the carriers are essential for H+ coupled transport of amiocephalosporins.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Chick 28,000 Mr vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein in intestine, kidney and cerebellum. Purification using chromatofocusing.

A purification method has been developed for chick 28,000 Mr vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein, involving Blue Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography, heat treatment and chromatofocusing with a microparticulate anion exchanger (Mono P). It allowed the rapid and reproducible purification of milligram amounts of homogeneous calcium-binding protein with good yields from chick intestine, kidney and cerebellum. The calcium-binding proteins thus obtained have the same molecular weight of 28,000, heat stability, calcium binding capability and apparent isoelectric point of 4.0. These physico-chemical properties are in good agreement with those of proteins isolated by a previous procedure, which gave a low and variable yield of calcium-binding protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effects of vincristine in combination with methotrexate and other antitumor agents in human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells in culture.

The effects of vincristine (VCR) in combination with methotrexate (MTX) and other antitumor agents were evaluated by cell growth inhibition assay using a human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line (MOLT-3). The data were analyzed with the aid of an isobologram using the concept of an envelope of additivity (G. G. Steel and M. J. Peckman, Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., 5:85-91, 1979). Simultaneous exposure of VCR and MTX produced subadditive or mutually protective interactions. Sequential exposure to VCR first followed immediately by MTX produced similar interactions. When the interval of VCR exposure first and then MTX was increased from 0 to 3, 8, and 24 h, the inhibition of cell growth moved from protection and subadditivity to additivity only. The reversed order of exposure to the 2 drugs produced an entirely different picture. Thus, when the interval of MTX exposure first followed by VCR increased from 0 to 3, 8, and 24 h, the inhibitory effects of the combination changed progressively from the area of subadditivity to the area of supraadditivity. When these data were evaluated using median effect plot analyses (T-C. Chou and P. Talalay. In: New Avenues in Developmental Cancer Chemotherapy, pp. 36-64. Orlando, FL: Academic Press, 1987), strongly synergistic interaction of this sequence at space intervals was confirmed. These data show that the synergistic effects were produced only when MTX was followed 8 or 24 h later by VCR. Other schedules were only additive or even antagonistic. Simultaneous exposure of VCR with daunorubicin, 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, or bleomycin also had subadditive and protective effects. VCR, followed by daunorubicin with the interval of 24 h and vice versa, was again subadditive and protective. VCR, followed by 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine with the interval of 24 h and vice versa, was again subadditive or additive only. Simultaneous and continuous exposures of VCR with vinblastine or L-asparaginase were only marginally supraadditive.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

Heparin immobilization onto segmented polyurethane-urea surfaces--effect of hydrophilic spacers.

Heparin was immobilized onto segmented polyurethane-urea surfaces (Biomer) using hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) spacers of different chain lengths. The use of the hydrophilic spacer, poly(ethylene oxide), reduces protein adsorption and subsequent platelet adhesion on the surface. In addition, the bioactivity of the immobilized heparin is enhanced by the incorporation of these spacers. Immobilized heparin bioactivity is shown to be a function of PEO spacer length. Use of hydrophilic PEO spacers demonstrates that immobilized heparin's bioactivity is consistently higher than that of the C6 alkyl spacer, but heparin-immobilized surfaces demonstrate no chain length effect on platelet adhesion, even though they show less platelet adhesion compared to Biomer controls. In the case of PEO-grafted surfaces, platelet adhesion is decreased compared to Biomer controls, and C6 alkyl spacer-grafted surfaces, and exhibits a minimum at PEO 1000. In ex vivo A-A shunt experiments under low flow and low shear conditions, all heparinized surfaces exhibit significant prolongation of occlusion times compared to Biomer controls, indicating an ability of immobilized heparin to inhibit thrombosis in whole blood.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Surface modification for improved blood compatibility.

Several surface modification techniques are currently being used to improve the biocompatibility of blood-contacting devices. These include the immobilization of bioactive materials to prevent thrombus generation and platelet activation, the incorporation of hydrophilic grafts onto practical hydrophobic surfaces (polyurethanes) to reduce protein adsorption, and the concept of microdomain-phase separated surfaces to regulate cellular and protein adhesion.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Intestinal absorption of cephalosporin antibiotics: correlation between intestinal absorption and brush-border membrane transport.

The absorption of seven cephalosporin antibiotics from the in-situ intestinal loop at pH 7.4 and their transport by brush-border membrane vesicles in the presence of an inward H+ gradient ([pH]i = 7.5, [pH]o = 6.0) were examined. A good correlation was found between the intestinal absorption rate and the initial uptake rate by brush-border membrane vesicles. The data suggest that the transport study using intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles is useful as a model system for the intestinal absorption of beta-lactam antibiotics.

Animals↗