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Biomedical subjects

T Ohyama

Publications and source records attributed to T Ohyama.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[The effect of preoperative embolization of Wilms' tumor].

The case was a 2-year and 11-month-old boy with Wilms' tumor. Preoperative embolization using gelatin sponge was performed after diagnosis of aortography. Immediately after the treatment, tumor size and vascularity were reduced remarkably. Nephrectomy was carried out without remarkable bleeding and the tumor was removed easily.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1983

Enzymatic replacement of nucleotide sequences in the D-loop of T. utilis tRNATyr and its effect on aminoacylation.

An efficient method for replacement of nucleotide sequences in the D-loop of T. utilis tRNATyr has been developed. An abnormal tRNATyr lacking in tetranucleotide D16-D-Gm-G19 in its D-loop has been reconstructed by this method and shown to accept tyrosine to about 55% of the aminoacylation level observed for intact tRNATyr. This suggests that the deleted sequence itself is not essential for recognition by TyrRS but a conformational instability of the tRNA possibly caused by the disruption of tertiary interactions between the D-loop and T psi C-loop might have influenced the forward reaction rate leading to the decreased level of aminoacylation.

Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases↗
PubMed1982

Effects of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its analogues on rat liver mitochondria.

The effects of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and sixteen analogues on respiration, swelling and latent ATPase of rat liver mitochondria were examined systematically. The compounds tested could be divided into four groups: DDT-type, DDE-type, kelthane-type and others by substituent groups on the ethane bridge of bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethane. Most compounds tested were shown to inhibit State 3 respiration. A linear relation was observed between the logarithms of the concentrations giving half-inhibition of State 3 respiration and the logarithms of the partition coefficients of the tested compounds. Four compounds of the kelthane type and chlorobenzilate stimulated State 4 respiration to the level of dinitrophenol-stimulated respiration. The compounds that have a hydroxy group on the ethane bridge-rapidly induced mitochondrial swelling, but DDT-type and DDE-type compounds induced swelling when the suspension contained 0.15 M KCl and 5 mM Tris-HCl. Latent ATPase of mitochondria was stimulated to different maximum levels by each of the tested compounds except DDA. The oligomycin-sensitive ATPase of submitochondria was inhibited by a series of kelthane-type compounds.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1982

Radioimmunoreactive serum elastase levels and histologic changes during experimental pancreatitis in rats.

A radioimmunoassay system showed elastase levels of 128 to 232 ng/mL in normal rat serum. The average normal value was approximately 64-fold greater than the minimal detectable amount. No cross-immunoreactivity was found with human elastase 1, porcine elastase, and trypsin. The elastase and amylase levels in rat serum were measured during pancreatitis induced by trypsin (group 1) and normal saline solution (group 2). Within 15 minutes the serum elastase and amylase levels increased significantly and remained elevated. The serum elastase levels in group 1 were significantly higher than in group 2. Hemorrhagic pancreatitis was found in group 1 and edematous pancreatitis was found in group 2 five hours after induction of pancreatitis. Elastase levels in these tissues were significantly lower than those in normal tissue. The levels in ascitic fluid were higher than those found in serum.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

The beneficial effect of diltiazem on exercise-induced ST depression, measured by body surface mapping, in stable effort angina pectoris.

The effect of diltiazem, a calcium antagonist, was examined in eight male patients with stable effort angina pectoris by means of multistage treadmill testing using body surface mapping. The area and severity of exercise-induced ST depression after 90 mg of diltiazem administered orally three hours before exercise were compared with those without diltiazem. Although the same workload was performed, the area and severity of exercise-induced ST depression were significantly diminished (P less than 0.005) after diltiazem. The reproducibility of these observations was confirmed in two of the eight patients studied and in three other patients. Because exercise-induced ST depression in patients with coronary artery disease is generally believed to reflect myocardial ischemia, our results provide objective evidence that diltiazem is able to reduce the exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in effort angina pectoris.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Superiority of hemofiltration to hemodialysis for treatment of chronic renal failure: comparative studies between hemofiltration and hemodialysis on dialysis disequilibrium syndrome.

A significantly lower incidence of DDS, hypotension, and impending shock was found during and after hemofiltration as compared with conventional hemodialysis. Hemofiltration, in contrast to hemodialysis, showed less decrease of circulating plasma volume, mild change in plasma osmolality without red cell swelling, better compensation of acidosis despite less uptake of acetate, more stable PCO2 during the procedure, less paradoxical acidosis in cerebrospinal fluid, and a lower urea concentration gradient between cerebrospinal fluid and plasma. These phenomena might be explained by better mass transfer between compartments bithin the body during hemofiltration. Mass transfer from the intracellular as well as the extracellular space to circulating plasma occurred more rapidly and smoothly during HF than during HD. HF is preferable to HD in patients with severe cardiovascular complications such as hypertension, as well as hypotension and cardiac failure, and in those subject to DDS during HD. Accordingly, hemofiltration therapy promises patients more comfortable and more stable treatment of chronic uremia.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗