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Biomedical subjects

T Ohtsuki

Publications and source records attributed to T Ohtsuki.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[A case of adenocarcinoma of the nasal cavity associated with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone(SIADH)].

An inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) has been recognized as the cause of hypotonic hyponatremia, and the occurrence of this syndrome, accompanied by an ADH-producing adenocarcinoma in the nasal cavity, is reported. In February, 1987, a 50-year-old male, showing sights of delirium, disorientation, and irritability was admitted to the hospital. The patient was observed to be healthy, except for a neck lymphnode metastasis that was present up to the time of his hospitalization. The hyponatremia was incidentally found, although dehydration or intravascular volume depletion were not noted. These neuropsychiatric symptoms were considered to be associated with hyponatremia due to SIADH. He had had a partial maxillectomy, a neck dissection, and irradiation to the nose and nasal cavity 32 months earlier, and then underwent a surgical resection of the neck metastasis; he had a total of 10 other operations before the onset of the symptoms. Upon initial inspection, since neither an intracranial invasion nor a brain metastasis was found, we diagnosed that his symptoms were due to an autonomic disturbance caused by surgical and mental "stress". When he died of cardiac failure due to a mediastinal invasion 8 months after the onset of SIADH, tumor tissues was extirpated in an autopsy and was then cultured. In this manner, it was proved that the tumor cells had been producing ADH. This procedure clarified that the syndrome had resulted from an ADH-producing tumor of the nasal cavity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Metabolism and disposition of (RS)-2-methoxy-3-(octadecylcarbamoyloxy)propyl 2-(3-thiazolio)ethyl phosphate (MOTP) in rats and dogs.

1. Metabolites (RS)-4-[(3-hydroxy-2-methoxy)propoxycarbonylamino]butanoic acid (I) and (RS)-2-[(3-hydroxy-2-methoxy)propoxycarbonylamino]acetic acid(II) were isolated from urine after i.v. administration of (RS)-2-methoxy-3-(octadecyl-[14C]carbamoyloxy)propyl 2-(3-thiazolio)ethyl phosphate (14C-MOTP) to rats and characterized by t.l.c., g.l.c.-mass spectrometry and p.m.r. spectrometry. 2. After i.v. administration of 14C-MOTP, the plasma concentration of the drug declined biphasically with half-lives of 0.22 and 3.94 h in rats, and 0.81 and 8.00 h in dogs. In rats and dogs, unchanged MOTP was the main 14C component in the plasma, together with a small amount of I and II. 14C-MOTP was highly bound to plasma protein of both animals. 3. Five min after i.v. administration of 14C-MOTP to rats, 14C was widely distributed in tissues, with the highest conc. in the lung and the lowest in the eye. The distribution of 14C was relatively slow in some tissues. In most tissues, 14C decreased to low levels at 96 h, except in the Harder's gland. 4. Elimination of 14C-MOTP was almost complete within 120 h in rats and 144 h in dogs. In both species, the administered 14C was excreted largely in the urine as I and II, with the remainder appearing in the faeces and the expired air. Biliary excretion and reabsorption of 14C were detected in rats. 5. During repeated i.v. administration of 14C-MOTP to rats for 7 days, the conc. of 14C in plasma and most tissues attained steady state within 5 days, except in Harder's gland, where the level rose gradually until the seventh day of dosing. Within 6 days after the last dosing, 96% of the injected dose was eliminated from the body.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effect of famotidine on hepatic hemodynamics and peptic ulcer.

The acute effects of histamine H2 receptor antagonist, famotidine, on hepatic hemodynamics were studied in six normal volunteers and eight patients with chronic liver disease, and its chronic effects on peptic ulcer, portal hemodynamics, and hepatic function were studied in 20 patients with chronic liver disease and peptic ulcer (16 with gastric ulcer, four with duodenal ulcer). Infusion of 20 mg famotidine did not reduce hepatic blood flow and portal blood flow in normal subjects, nor did it reduce cardiac output, the gradient between wedged hepatic vein pressure and free hepatic vein pressure, hepatic blood flow, and portal blood flow in patients with chronic liver disease. An oral dose of 20 mg famotidine twice daily for 2 months healed peptic ulcer in 19 of 20 patients (95%) with chronic liver disease and peptic ulcer, without any change in portal blood flow and hepatic function. Thus famotidine does not appear to alter hepatic hemodynamics and hepatic function in normal subjects and patients with chronic liver disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A case of breast carcinoma, possibly the result of malignant transformation of an intraductal papilloma in a 26-year period].

A 74-year old female presented a giant tumor and serosanguineous nipple discharge from the left breast. The tumor was first recognized 26 years ago, and untreated. The resected breast contained several cysts and some small white nodules. Some of the cysts contained intracystic tumors. Histologically, the tumor consisted of a mixture of papillotubular carcinoma and intraductal papilloma. This case seems to represent a malignant change in intraductal papilloma from its long clinical course and by the microscopic findings. Review of this case seems to warrant clinical attention to the possibility that benign intraductal papilloma may transform itself into malignancy after many years.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Recombinant human interleukin 1 alpha and beta stimulate mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1) to produce macrophage-colony stimulating activity and prostaglandin E2.

The effects of interleukin 1 (IL-1) on MC3T3-E1 cells (clonal osteoblast-like cells established from mouse calvaria) were studied to elucidate the mechanism of IL-1-induced bone resorption. Recombinant human interleukin 1 alpha (rhIL-1 alpha) and beta (rhIL-1 beta) stimulated PGE2 production in MC3T3-E1 cells in a dose dependent manner. rhIL-1 alpha and 1 beta also stimulated MC3T3-E1 cells to produce macrophage-colony stimulating activity (M-CSA) in a dose-dependent manner. Indomethacin completely abolished PGE2 production but did not affect CSA. These results suggest that bone resorption induced by IL-1s is at least in part mediated by PGE2 produced by osteoblasts, and that M-CSA produced by osteoblasts may synergistically potentiate bone resorption by recruiting osteoclast precursors.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Liver function in moderate obesity--study in 534 moderately obese subjects among 4613 male company employees.

The influence of moderate obesity on the liver was assessed in 4613 male company employees including 534 moderately obese subjects (30-50 percent overweight). Serum levels of transaminases and gammaglutamyl transferase activities were significantly higher in moderately obese male non-drinkers than in non-obese non-drinkers. Twenty-four percent of male non-drinkers with moderate obesity had abnormal levels of sGPT and 47 percent of moderately obese male non-drinkers had significant hepatic steatosis as assessed by computed tomography. Although most previous studies on this subject were concerned with morbid obesity accompanying only those of more than 50 percent overweight or those who required surgery, the results of this study clearly indicate that moderately obese subjects also have frequent liver dysfunction.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1985

Natural history of hepatocellular carcinoma and prognosis in relation to treatment. Study of 850 patients.

A total of 850 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma seen during the last 8 years were analyzed retrospectively for survival in relation to treatment and disease stage. A new staging scheme based on tumor size, ascites, jaundice and serum albumin was used. Clearly, the prognosis depended on disease stage. The median survival of 229 patients who received no specific treatment was 1.6 months, 0.7 month for Stage III patients, 2.0 months for Stage II, and 8.3 months for Stage I. The median survival of Stage I patients who had hepatic resection (n = 115) was 25.6 months and Stage II patients with resection (n = 42) was 12.2 months. In patients who had a small cancer (less than or equal to 25% of liver area in size) the median survival was 29.0 months. Survival of the surgically treated patients, which represented a highly selected group, was better than that of medically treated patients of a comparable stage. Median survival of Stage I medically treated patients (n = 124) was 9.4 months, for Stage II (n = 290) 3.5 months, and for Stage III (n = 50) 1.6 months. Medical treatment prolonged survival in Stage II and III patients, but not in Stage I. Transcatheter arterial embolization gave a better survival compared with chemotherapy, whether intra-arterial bolus administration of mitomycin C, systemic mitomycin C, or oral/rectal tegafur, in Stage II. Among various chemotherapeutic modalities, intra-arterial bolus injection was superior to systemic chemotherapy in survival in Stage II. In Stage III, chemotherapy improved survival as compared with no specific treatment. The major causes of death were hepatic failure and gastrointestinal bleeding, probably due to the coexistent advanced cirrhosis. These results in survival are much improved over the past reports, and the differences are probably a result of earlier diagnosis and frequent hepatic resections.

Adolescent↗