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Biomedical subjects

T Ohtsuka

Publications and source records attributed to T Ohtsuka.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[A study on fatty liver in health examination participants].

We investigated the condition of the liver in a total of 5486 subjects (3889 males and 1597 females) who received adult-disease screening examinations. The following results were obtained. 1. Fatty liver was found in 13.9% of the males and 3.8% of the females with a male/female ratio of about 3.7 to 1. In males, the prevalence of fatty liver was lower in those in their 20's than in any other age ranks, while there was little difference in the age range from the 30's to the 50's. In females, the prevalence sharply increased in those in their 50's. 2. The percentage of fatty liver increased with the obesity index in both males and females. 3. With respect to alcohol drinking, the prevalence of fatty liver was not affected by the presence or absence of alcohol drinking, the daily drinking quantity and total drinking quantity. 4. Of those screened for adult disease, 14.7% of the males and 2.7% of the females had abnormal liver function, with a male/female ratio of about 5.4 to 1. In both males and females, the prevalence of fatty liver was higher in those who had abnormal rather than normal liver function.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Magnetic resonance imaging in 38 cases of acoustic tumors].

The value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of acoustic tumors was retrospectively assessed in 38 cases. A 0.15 Tesla permanent magnet and a 1.5 Tesla superconducting magnet were employed in 24 and 14 cases, respectively. Gadolinium diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA), a paramagnetic contrast agent, was used in 10 cases. Acoustic tumors were identified in all cases. Small, medium, and large tumors were depicted with equal clarity by MRI and computed tomography (CT). However, tumor contour and extension, accompanying cysts, and brainstem displacement were more clearly visualized on MRI. The use of Gd-DTPA improved the quality of the MR images by markedly enhancing the acoustic tumors in all cases. In particular, detection of small acoustic tumors and intra- or paratumoral cysts was facilitated by the use of Gd-DTPA. The possibility of a correlation between acoustic tumor histology and MRI features was studied by calculation of the contrast to noise (C/N) ratio in 10 cases of acoustic tumor and 7 cases of meningioma. No definite correlation was demonstrated, but there appeared to be some difference in the C/N ratio between acoustic tumors and meningiomas. In three volunteers, MRI demonstrated intracanalicular nerves, separately. Because of its higher resolution, MRI can be expected to replace CT and air CT in the diagnosis of acoustic tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Mucin-producing signet ring cell carcinoma of stomach accompanied by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation: a case report].

Diffuse bone marrow metastasis of carcinoma sometimes accompanies microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MHA) which is characteristic with red cell fragmentation. We report on a 56-year-old male case of signet ring cell type gastric carcinoma complicated with MHA and DIC. Bone marrow aspiration disclosed the metastasis of carcinoma cells. However, no other distant metastasis was evident by pathological studies of autopsy samples.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1989

[A case of empyema after plastic ball plombage cured by air-plombage method].

Conventionally, thoracoplasty has been conducted for empyema space after removal of plastic ball for empyema cases after plastic ball plombage. We applied air-plombage method for empyema as a new operative technique. The patient was a 56-year-old man who had had 37 plastic balls implanted for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis 39 years ago. In April 1988 he was admitted to our department complaining bloody sputum and high fever. Roentogenographic findings revealed residual middle lobe with normal size and plastic balls some with niveau. From these findings, the case was diagnosed as partial empyema after plastic ball plombage. In June 1988 air-plombage method was performed. At 5 months after operation, reinflation of the residual pulmonary lobe was seen accompanying improvement of pulmonary functions; FVC increased from 1780 ml to 1910 ml and blood gas PaO2 from 75.0 mmHg to 88.3 mmHg. Blood loss during operation was about 2,000 ml, which was smaller than the conventionally experienced amount of blood loss. Because of residual right middle lobe, pulmonary decortication was impossible and significant reinflation of the collapsed pulmonary lobe could not be expected. We selected air-plombage method rather than thoracoplasty as postoperative worsening of pulmonary functions was anticipated by the latter. Postoperative improvement of pulmonary functions could be explained by reinflation of the residual lobe due to removal of plastic balls and the capsule. When conventional thoracoplasty is carried out to obtain satisfying closure of the empyema cavity, pulmonary functions are always deteriorated, while air-plombage method is followed by slight improvement of pulmonary functions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Empyema, Tuberculous↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical treatment of Stanford type A acute aortic dissection with stenosis of the branches of aortic arch: report of two cases].

Recently two cases of Stanford type A acute aortic dissection with stenosis of the branches of aortic arch were operated. Both of them had the intimal tear in the ascending aorta, and the stenosis caused by the dissection was present in the left subclavian artery in the first case and in the brachiocephalic and the right common carotid arteries in the second case. Repairs of the dissected ascending aorta were performed successfully with the interposition of the ringed intraluminal graft in the first case, and with the composite graft replacement of the ascending aorta and the aortic valve in the second case. Complete remission or significant relief of the branch stenoses which had not been given direct surgical repairs was observed by the postoperative angiograms.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Anesthetic management of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura].

A 46-year-old man, with TTP and renal failure, received splenectomy because complete remission was not achieved after the treatments such as plasma exchange, antiplatelet agents and corticosteroid. After the administration of methylprednisolone, anesthesia was induced with thiamylal and succinylcholine chloride and maintained with nitrous oxide, enflurane, fentanyl and vecuronium. Total blood loss was 1710 gram. Four units of packed red cell and 9 units of fresh frozen plasma were infused. The anesthetic course was uneventful. TTP is a rare and usually fatal disease and its etiology is unknown. Careless infusion of platelet or fresh blood may accelerate the disease process and multiorgan dysfunction may present other anesthetic problems. In this report, problems of anesthetic management for TTP were discussed.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of anesthesia and surgery on immunity in patients with benign and malignant diseases].

The effect of anesthesia and surgery in patients with benign and malignant diseases was investigated applying two color analysis for the classification of functional lymphocyte subpopulation. Eight patients with benign diseases and twelve patients with malignancies were studied. Peripheral lymphocyte subsets were measured before, during and after operation using monoclonal antibodies; OKT3 (Leu4), OKT4 (Leu3a), OKT8 (Leu2a), Leu11, OKT11 (Leu5b), Leu12, HLA-Dr. Decrease in OKT4, OKT4/OKT8 ratio, Leu12 and HLA-Dr, and increase in OKT8 were observed during the operation. In addition to these measurements, two color analysis utilizing two kinds of monoclonal antibody, such as Leu3a and Leu8, or Leu2a and Leu15 was performed. Inducer T cells decreased and suppressor T cells increased during the operation. These changes suggest immuno-suppression throughout the operation. These changes returned to control levels in three days after the operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A study on selection of operative technique for chronic empyema based on findings obtained from reoperated cases].

In 13 patients undergone reoperation for chronic empyema during 9 years period from 1975 to 1983, the operative technique employed for the initial treatment, number of operations, findings of fistula and residual cavity and complications associated with each technique were reviewed with following results. Among these reoperated patients, the initial operation was thoracic cavity reduction in 5 cases, pulmonary detachment in 6 cases and air-plombage (Kinchu method) in 2 cases. Reoperation was carried out in a total of 27 times. There were 6 cases (46%) which were operated more than 3 times. These 6 cases included none of the cases which underwent air plombage. At the time of the first reoperation, fistula was observed in 11 out of 13 cases. At the final operation the residual cavity was accompanied with fistula in 7 cases and empyema in 5 cases. As the final operation, chest wall plombage chiefly by a modification of Grow's method combined with pedicle muscle plombage was employed. In cases indicated for more than two times of operations of thoracic cavity reduction, chest wall plombage was useful for reoperation. On the basis of these results, indication of each operation to improve results of surgical treatment of chronic empyema was discussed by taking into consideration advantages and complications of each operative technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Synergism of phosphorylation of 46K protein(s) and arachidonate release in the induction of superoxide anion production in guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

The phosphorylation of 46K protein(s), which was generally observed in parallel with an activation of NADPH oxidase of guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) in our previous studies (N. Okamura et al. (1984) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 228, 270-277; T. Ohtsuka et al. (1987) J. Biochem. 101, 897-903), was increased by treatment with 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol (OAG), even at low concentrations at which both superoxide anion (O2-) production and arachidonate release were little induced. On the other hand, exposure of PMNL to low concentrations of a calcium ionophore, A23187, stimulated arachidonate release without causing substantial O2- production and increase in phosphorylation of 46K protein(s). Simultaneous addition of the above-mentioned suboptimal concentrations of both OAG and A23187 markedly enhanced O2- production in PMNL. This enhancing effect may be ascribable to the increase in the phosphorylation of 46K protein(s) and arachidonate release, which are induced by the addition of OAG and A23187, respectively. Another arachidonate-releasing agent, N-formyl-methionylleucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), also stimulated O2- production in accordance with an increase in the arachidonate release and protein phosphorylation. Simultaneous addition of OAG significantly enhanced the FMLP-induced O2- production, presumably by maintaining the 46K protein phosphorylation which would facilitate the effect of arachidonate released by FMLP. Thus, the present results suggest that phosphorylation of 46K protein(s) and arachidonate release synergistically induce O2- production in PMNL, although either of them alone hardly induces the production.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Increase of the molecular rigidity of the protein conformation in the intestinal brush-border membranes by lipid peroxidation.

The effect of lipid peroxidation on the protein conformation of the porcine intestinal brush-border membranes was studied using a fluorogenic thiol reagent, N-[7-dimethylamino-4-methylcoumarinyl]maleimide (DACM). By a kinetic analysis of the reaction of the membranes with DACM, it was shown that the reaction rate of the SH groups (SHf) of the membrane proteins, whose reaction with the dye is very fast, decreases in proportion to the extent of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance formation. The difference in the rate of the reaction of the SHf groups for DACM between the control and peroxidized membranes completely disappeared after denaturation of the proteins by treatment with guanidine hydrochloride. The reaction of DACM with the SHf groups of the control membranes accelerated when the temperature was increased with an apparent transition temperature between 25 degrees C and 30 degrees C. On the other hand, no transition was observed in the peroxidized membranes over the temperature range 20-43 degrees C. These results suggest that the conformation around the SHf groups of the proteins in the peroxidized membranes is apparently different from that in the control membranes. A modification of the conformation around the SH groups in the membrane proteins associated with lipid peroxidation was further demonstrated by finding that the quenching efficiency of the fluorescence of the DACM-labeled membranes by Tl+ was markedly decreased after lipid peroxidation. Based on these results, changes in the protein conformation of the porcine intestinal brush-border membranes by lipid peroxidation are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Further evidence for the involvement of the phosphorylation of 46K protein(s) in the regulation of superoxide anion production in guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Treatment of guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) with arachidonate at concentrations of less than 20 microM induced slight stimulation of superoxide anion (O2-) production with little enhancement of the phosphorylation of the 46K protein(s). The stimulation of the phosphorylation of those protein(s) has been observed in parallel with an activation of NADPH oxidase in our previous studies (N. Okamura et al. (1984) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 228, 270-277; T. Ohtsuka et al. (1986) Biochem. Biophys. Acta 888, 332-337; T. Ohtsuka et al. (1987) J. Biochem. 101, 897-903). On the other hand, the phosphorylation of the same protein(s) was increased by the treatment of PMNL with 10 microM 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol (OAG), a permeable diacylglycerol, with little change in O2- production. Treatment of PMNL with a combination of such low concentrations of arachidonate and OAG, induced marked increase in O2- production in accordance with the increase in the phosphorylation of 46K protein(s) which was probably due to OAG action. Thus, it is likely that this protein phosphorylation is a prerequisite or regulatory to the stimulation of the O2- production by arachidonate in PMNL.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The spectrum of GH responses to GHRH and somatostatin in patients with acromegaly.

Plasma GH responses to GHRH and somatostatin were examined in 43 patients with active acromegaly. Thirty-two of these patients showed GH increases 50% above the basal values in response to at least 1 of 3 stimuli (TRH, LHRH, arginine) (categorized as group I). The remaining 11 patients showed no response to any of the stimuli (categorized as group II). Following somatostatin infusion, group I (n = 31) showed significantly greater GH suppression than group II (n = 11) from 30 to 90 min (p less than 0.05-0.01). In addition, plasma GH responses to GHRH at 15 and 30 min was also greater in group I (n = 12) than in group II (n = 5) (p less than 0.05 & 0.01). There was a positive correlation between the log value of the peak GH after GHRH and the maximal % decrement after somatostatin (r = 0.64, p less than 0.02). However there were no differences in the responses of normal thyrotrophs (TSH) to TRH between the two groups. These results indicate that there are two types of acromegaly, i.e., one is more responsive and another is less responsive to either non-specific (TRH & LHRH) or specific GH stimulations (GHRH & somatostatin).

Acromegaly↗