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Biomedical subjects

T Ohta

Publications and source records attributed to T Ohta.

At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Plasma biopterin levels of patients with affective disorders.

The plasma biopterin levels of 13 patients with affective disorders were measured both in the symptomatic phase and in the remission phase, and under no influence of psychotropic drugs except lithium and/or carbamazepine by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection, and were compared with those of normal controls. The biopterin levels of patients in the symptomatic phase were elevated significantly as compared with those of normal controls, and the elevation tended to be more pronounced in the hypomanic phase than in the depressive phase. In contrast, the biopterin levels of patients in remission were not different from those of normal controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Body temperature monitoring in subjects with delayed sleep phase syndrome.

To clarify the circadian aspects of delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS) in 4 patients with DSPS, we recorded polysomnograms and rectal temperature before and after chronotherapy. The time interval (2.7 h) between sleep onset and rectal temperature minimum before chronotherapy was shorter than the time interval after chronotherapy (5.3 h). Before chronotherapy, the period of rectal temperature rhythm was 24.7 h. After chronotherapy, the period of rectal temperature rhythm was 24.0 h. These findings lead to the conclusion that in DSPS there is a weakened mechanism of entrainment similar to that in non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Immunohistochemical localization of apolipoprotein E in human glial neoplasms.

Immunocytochemical analyses revealed the presence and distribution of apolipoprotein E (apo E) in normal human brain tissue as well as in 77 human intracranial neoplasms. In normal brain tissues, the perikarya of astrocytes exhibited a strong positive reaction, whereas the Bergmann glia were stained to a moderate degree. However, no immunoreactivity was observed with neurons, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, and choroidal epithelium. Among the intracranial neoplasms, oligodendroglioma, choroid plexus papilloma, hemangioblastoma, primary malignant lymphoma, neurinoma, meningioma, pituitary adenoma, and craniopharyngioma were all negative. Immunoreactivity in the peripheral neuroblastoma was nil. However, the perikarya of astrocytomas and glioblastomas showed a positive reaction. Analyses on the degree of anaplasia and the amount of apo-E as an intensity of immunostaining showed a negative correlation. The astrocytic elements were stained in mixed oligoastrocytomas and medulloblastomas with glial differentiation. A few cases of ependymomas showed weak perikaryal immunostaining. Western blot analyses with anti-apo E antibody of a freshly prepared surgical specimen with astrocytomas revealed a single band with a molecular weight of approximately 37,000. The well differentiated cultured human astrocytoma cells secreted apo E into the medium. These lines of evidence suggest that apo E may serve as a potential marker specific for astrocytomas and glioblastomas, as well as an indicator of astrocytic tumor cell differentiation. The apo E localization in human brain tumors could be clinically relevant and diagnostically useful.

Apolipoproteins E↗
PubMed1988

Dysautoregulation in patients with ruptured aneurysms: cerebral blood flow measurements obtained during surgery by a temperature-controlled thermoelectrical method.

We used a temperature-controlled thermoelectrical method, induced hypotension, and CO2 inhalation to obtain cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements during surgery for investigation of the state of brain vasoreactivity in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients. The study included 11 patients who underwent 12 operations for ruptured intracranial aneurysms. The CBF data were analyzed to investigate the neurological state, presence or nonpresence of vasospasm, timing of the operation, and outcome of each patient. Autoregulation disturbance, in terms of reaction to hypotension, was consistently seen in patients in poor neurological states, and this disturbance was correlated with poor outcome. This simple monitoring system, used during emergency operations for ruptured aneurysm, was useful in predicting outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Actions of a newly synthesized compound (711389-S) on various types of experimentally induced arrhythmias in mammalian species in situ.

We examined effects of 711389-S, a new antiarrhythmic agent, on ouabain-induced arrhythmias in dogs and guinea-pigs, aconitine-induced arrhythmias in dogs and mice, adrenaline-induced arrhythmias in dogs under an anesthetized condition, and arrhythmias induced by coronary artery ligation and occlusion by a glass bead in dogs under conscious and un-restrained conditions. 711389-S (1-3 mg/kg, i.v.) decreased the number of ventricular extrasystoles induced by ouabain in dogs, and the doses of ouabain required to induce various types of arrhythmias were increased by pretreatment of guinea-pigs with intraduodenal application of 711389-S (5-10 mg/kg). In mice, 711389-S (3 mg/kg, i.v. or 10 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly prolonged the time to onset of arrhythmias induced by aconitine infusion. Atrial fibrillation induced by a topical application of aconitine on the atrium was blocked by 711389-S (1 mg/kg, i.v.) in dogs. 711389-S (1-3 mg/kg, i.v.) depressed arrhythmias induced by adrenaline and restored the sinus rhythm by significantly decreasing the number of ventricular ectopic beats induced by coronary ligation or occlusion in dogs. Oral administration of 711389-S (10-30 mg/kg) in dogs markedly depressed the ventricular ectopic beats induced by coronary ligation. The half decay time of 711389-S after a single bolus injection of 711389-S ranged from 60 to 80 min. Results indicate that 711389-S has similar antiarrhythmic effects to those of other Class I antiarrhythmic agents in situ, and they suggest that this compound might have potential usefulness as a new type of antiarrhythmic agent for clinical use.

Aconitine↗
PubMed1988

Effect of serum magnesium concentration on renal handling of phosphate in a patient with primary hypomagnesemia.

We examined a case of primary hypomagnesemia with associated hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. It was found, on treatment with magnesium, that there was a significant negative correlation between the serum magnesium level and the percent tubular reabsorption of phosphate, especially when the serum magnesium concentration was above 1.0 mg/dl, in the patient. It is suggested that the serum magnesium concentration might play an important role in urinary phosphate excretion, probably in relation to the parathyroid hormone function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Mutagenicity of the ash of rice straws by Ames' test.

Mutagenicity of fly ashes and bottom ashes of rice straw and rice husk was assayed by Ames' test. With respect to rice-straw ash, the extract from the fly ash was found to be more mutagenic than that from the bottom ash. In the case of rice husk, the mutagenicity of extract from the bottom ash was stronger than that from the fly ash. The extract from rice-husk bottom ash showed the strongest mutagenic activity among the four.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1988

The third type of alpha-subunit of Na,K-ATPase.

The cDNA encoding the third type of alpha-subunit of NaK-ATPase was found in rat brain cDNA library. The deduced amino acid sequence was very similar to those of alpha- and alpha plus-subunits. The third one was suggested to be highly ouabain-sensitive from its aminoacid sequence. From Northern blot analysis the third type of the subunit was not expressed in adult rat kidney and heart.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Benign osteoblastoma of the parietal bones].

Benign osteoblastoma accounts for less than 1% of the primary bone tumors and the calvarial lesion is extremely rare. There are only 12 reported cases in the literature as far as we could collect. We have presented a case of benign osteoblastoma originated from the parietal bone. This 9-year-old boy struck his head on the parietal region and noticed the bulging at the same site. A month later he visited to Fukuoka University Hospital because of persistent bulging of the same site. Neurological examinations were normal. Plain skull roentgenogram on Towne view showed radiolucent area in the midline of parietal bones with irregular margins and in tangential view the outer table revealed thinning and expanding. Coronal CT scan demonstrated same abnormality and intact inner table. The tumor was located within the dipole in the bilateral parietal bones and was removed by a simple curettage. The microscopic feature showed numerous osteoblasts, osteoblastic rimming and many multinucleated giant cells. These indicated a typical benign osteoblastoma. He has been doing well one year after the operation without any evidence of recurrence.

Child↗
PubMed1988

[Intravenous hydrocortisone in large doses in the treatment of delayed ischemic neurological deficits following subarachnoid hemorrhage--results of a multi-center controlled double-blind clinical study].

Glucocorticoid in high dose has known to reduce vascular sensitivity to various vasoconstrictive stimuli. It inhibits phospholipase to reduce production of prostaglandins. It stabilizes the cell membrane and prevents cerebral edema. All these pharmacological effects indicate possible usefulness of this drug for the treatment of cerebral ischemia due to vasospasm. Based on these theoretical backgrounds a multi-center controlled double blind clinical study was carried out. The patient who showed manifestations of delayed cerebral ischemia due to vasospasm were selected for this study. As soon as the clinical manifestation appeared, the patient was given either 3 grams of hydrocortisone intravenously in a 60 ml solution or the placebo. The administration was repeated 6 times with interval of 12 hours. The patients were allowed to be treated according to the independent protocol of each institute except for the maximum daily use of glucocorticoid. The effect of the therapy was evaluated at 4th, 7th day and 1 month after the initiation. The study involved 52 institutes and a total of 140 patients, seventy-one patients who received hydrocortisone (group A) and 69 patients who received placebo (group P) was analysed. There were no significant differences in background data between both groups. In patients with grade I, II or III on admission, the favorable effects of hydrocortisone were demonstrated on changes in neurological findings. In group A, there were significantly more cases of improvement at 4th day for orientation about place and person. At 1 month or on discharge group A showed significant improvement almost in every aspect of neurological findings including mental, speech and motor functions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Metabolic and nutritional management after extended radical operation for pancreatobiliary carcinoma].

The physiology after extended radical operation in patients with pancreatobiliary carcinomas and the metabolic and nutritional management were studied. Twenty-four patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy with extended dissection were compared with 17 patients with semi-extended dissection and 44 patients with limited or no dissection. Extended dissection meant complete dissection of the nerve plexus around the superior mesenteric artery and para-aortic node dissection. The frequency of defecation (2.7 times/day) and the blood osmolarity in the extended dissection group were significantly higher than those in the other groups during the first week after operation. The level of serum protein was significantly lower in the extended dissection group. Insulin dosage during the first 14 days after surgery was significantly greater in the extended dissection group, yet no difference was recognized in the amount of glucose administered among the 3 groups. The conclusion was as follows; frequent diarrhea, a large amount of lymph loss and increased urine volume due to an osmotic diuresis were the main causes of volume loss. So a large volume of fluid containing a high concentration of protein should be injected immediately after extended dissection to normalize serum osmotic pressure. Because of increased insulin requirement and decreased endogenous insulin production, the administration of large amount of glucose immediately after operation should be undertaken carefully.

Biliary Tract Neoplasms↗