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Biomedical subjects

T Ohnuki

Publications and source records attributed to T Ohnuki.

103 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Quantitative assessment of water content of human lung: a study on open lung biopsy specimen.

Quantitative assessments of human lung water are necessary to evaluate lung water changes, but little knowledge is available about a human "normal" lung. To determine a "normal" lung water content, pieces of lung tissue were obtained from lungs which should be resected for solitary nodular lung diseases, and the water content was assessed in terms of the ratio of extravascular lung water to blood free dry lung weight (Qw1), using the gravimetric methods. Among 152 patients who underwent open thorax surgeries for their solitary nodular lung diseases, 35 lung specimens were obtained from lungs which were free from any abnormal lesions. Since the postoperative histological examination did not reveal any pathological findings except for the solitary nodules in the resected lobes of 35 patients, the 35 pieces were also considered to be "normal". The value of Qw1 was 3.66 +/- 0.29 (mean +/- S.D.) g/g blood free dry lung. This value would serve as a reference of Qw1 in human "normal" lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effects of irradiation on the pulmonary vascular fluid and protein exchange.

In anesthetized sheep, ventilated by positive pressure, pulmonary arterial and left atrial pressures, cardiac output, and lung lymph flow (Qlym) were measured and lymph-to-plasma protein concentration ratio (L/P) was determined. For sheep were irradiated with 60Co on the bilateral lower lobes, avoiding irradiation on the heart and the caudal mediastinal lymph node. Qlym increased during and after irradiation, and reached a new steady state (160% increase), while pulmonary arterial or left atrial pressure did not change. In 4 control experiments, pulmonary hemodynamics, Qlym or L/P did not change. Therefore the increased fluid or protein flux after irradiation cannot be ascribed only to abnormal pulmonary hemodynamics. Endothelial damages seem to play a role in the increase of fluid filtration and protein permeability.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Natural killer cell activities of several inbred strains of the guinea pig and their susceptibilities to rabbit antiserum directed to guinea-pig brain tissue.

Natural killer (NK) cell activities of spleen and peripheral blood leukocytes from several inbred guinea-pig strains, established in this Institute, were assessed in an 18-hr 51Cr-release assay. As target cells in the NK assay, a human myeloid cell line, K562, appeared to be the most suitable among several cultured cell lines tested. Intensities of cytolysis were different from strain to strain, but generally high in JY-2, JY-4 and JY-10 and low in JY-1. Treatment of the effector cells with rabbit anti-guinea-pig brain tissue serum plus complement reduced the NK activity, whereas treatment with rabbit anti-guinea-pig thymocyte serum, or rabbit anti-asialo GM1 serum, plus complement showed no significant effect on the NK activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The corrected protein equation to estimate plasma colloid osmotic pressure and its development on a nomogram.

Examining the internal discrepancies of three equations (Landis and Pappenheimer 1965) which represent the relationship between colloid osmotic pressures (COP) and normal human plasma proteins, the authors derived a corrected globulin equation: COPglb = 1.3c + 0.14c2 + 0.006c3 (COP: mmHg, c: protein content, g/100 ml), instead of their COPglb = 1.6c + 0.15c2 + 0.006c3, when A/G (albumin-globulin ratio) = 1.1 as they had described. Revising the former globulin equation again, based upon the current estimate of A/G = 1.8, we derived a new globulin equation. Our new plasma equation, consisting of their albumin equation and our revised globulin equation, is COPpl = alpha (2.8c + 0.18c2 + 0.012c3) + beta (0.9c + 0.12c2 + 0.004c3), where alpha and beta stand for albumin and globulin fraction, respectively. The last, being generalized for plasma with any protein compositions, and closely corresponded to the values directly measured in normal human plasma with variable protein compositions, we developed it on a nomogram for practical use.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Crescentic glomerulonephritis induced in the goat by immunization with homologous or heterologous glomerular basement membrane antigen.

Crescentic glomerular changes developed in goats 16 to 46 weeks after immunization with homologous or heterologous glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antigens incorporated in Freund's complete adjuvant. Mesangial widening, accumulation of migrant cells, fibrin deposition, and GBM thickening became manifest with time. The GBM was then attenuated and ruptured at a local area. Through the ruptured GBM, the influx of fibrin and blood cells occurred in the Bowman's space (BS) accompanying proliferation of epithelial cells lining the BS. The crescent thus formed was mainly composed of the capsular epithelial cells. The visceral epithelial cells (podocytes) and migrated blood cells contributed to the crescent formation to a lesser extent. Basement menbrane-like material appeared later between the crescentic cells and the crescent underwent a fibroepithelial form. The results indicate that the crescent develops in relation to the characteristic GBM damage with a resultant severe exudative change in the BS.

Animals↗