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Biomedical subjects

T Ohno

Publications and source records attributed to T Ohno.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Radiotherapy of hemangioma cavernosum of the liver.

Four patients with massive cavernous hemangioma of the liver were treated with 6 Mev X-ray, and favorable results were obtained in 3. Patient 1 was treated with a total tumor dose of 940 rads without response. The 2nd patient was given a total tumor dose of 1900 rads over 54 days, with a daily dose of 50 to 100 rads. Although the hemangioma regressed after treatment, the response was transient. A total tumor dose of 2940 rads was given over 41 days with a daily dose of 100 to 200 rads as a second course, and the hemangioma regressed with no sign of reenlargement. Patients 3 and 4 were given 150 to 200 rads every other day to a total of about 3000 rads, with a satisfactory response. Follow-up studies showed the latter 3 patients to be well 8, 5, and 4 years after radiotherapy, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Membranous lipodystrophy: a clinicopathological study of six cases.

Membranous lipodystrophy apparently is a new disease, first reported and named by Nasu and associates 31 in 1971. We have collected six cases of this disease. The initial manifestation was articular pain at adolescence. Symmetrical changes in the bones of the extremities then appeared and the disease seemed to progress slowly with age. The younger patients exhibited only skeletal pain or fractures, while the older patients had some neuropsychiatric changes. Three of the patients died in middle age. The cystic bone lesions contained a yellow, lipid-like substance which histologically showed a characteristic membranocystic appearance. Electron microscopic study showed unique features, but biochemical analysis of the substance did not reveal a definable abnormality.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

High-speed liquid chromatographic determination of phenylpyruvic acid.

A high-speed liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of urinary phenylpyruvic acid. This acid is converted by treatment with naphthalene-2,3-diamine into 3-benzyl-2-hydroxybenzoquinoxaline, which is extracted into carbon tetrachloride for separation. 2-Mercaptoethanol is a useful stabilizer, and 2-chlorothioxanthone is a suitable internal standard. The method is specific, and the results are not affected by the presence of such 2-oxo-acids as pyruvic acid, 2-oxobutyric acid, 2-oxoglutaric acid, and 4-hydroxphenylpyruvic acid.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1976

Inhibition of sporulation by cerulenin and its reversion by exogenous fatty acids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae G2-2 was inhibited by the antibiotic cerulenin which is known to be a specific inhibitor of fatty acid and sterol synthesis. This inhibition was reversed by various fatty acids, especially by oleic acid (C(18:1)) and pentadecanoic acid (C(15:0)). Ergosterol showed only slight reversibility of this inhibition. When cerulenin was added to the sporulation medium later than 12 h after the start of incubation, the marked inhibition disappeared. When the fatty acid fraction extracted from the sporulated yeasts was added to the cells pretreated with cerulenin for more than 6 h, sporulation became evident 6 h after the fatty acid fraction addition. Therefore, sufficient synthesis of fatty acids required for sporulation was assumed to occur during the first 6 h in phase I of yeast sporulation.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1976

Some aspects on pituitary function in human and rat anovulatory cycles.

To investigate the anterior pituitary function of human anovulatory cycles, hormonal environments were analyzed in an animal experimental model and women with anovulatory cycles. A specific antiserum to hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (LH-RF) was prepared in rabbits. Intravenous injection of 1.0 ml of this antiserum to 4-day cycling female rats on the proestrous day blocked ovulation in the following cycles without changing regular estrous cycles on vaginal smear. Thus experimental anovulatory cycles were induced in antiLH-RF serum-treated rats. In this experimental model, LH surge on the proestrous evening was blocked but LH and FSH were maintained at the basal levels. In human anovulatory cycles, serum LH and FSH levels were also not significantly reduced except during the period of LH surge, and blood estradiol-17beta levels were similar to the levels of women with normal ovulation. Serum progesterone levels were higher in the normal women after the expected day for ovulation. These data may indicate that the anterior pituitary is able to secrete its gonadotropins without stimulation by LH-RF and this tonic discharge of gonadotropins would maintain the basal levels of ovarian secretion of steroids.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effects of diets on cold tolerance and metabolic responses to cold in fasted rats.

Effects of high-fat and high-protein diets on cold tolerance in fasted rats were investigated. High-fat diets caused significant increases in body weight, blood-free fatty acids (FFA), ketone bodies and glucose, while high-protein diet did not modify any of these parameters. Rats on high-fat diets that were exposed to cold after clipping exhibited an intermediate cold tolerance as assessed by the rate of fall in colonic temperature between control rats on a standard diet and cold-acclimated rats. The extent of increase of blood FFA and decrease of blood glucose due to cold exposure was less in the high-fat diet group than in control group, but greater than in cold-acclimated group. The lower fall in colonic temperature due to cold exposure was signifcantly associated with less increase in blood FFA and less decrease in blood glucose. In this relation the high-fat diet group was also intermediate between the control and cold-acclimated groups. The high-protein diet did not make any difference in cold tolerance and cold-induced changes in blood metabolites as compared with those in control standard diet, although it resulted in a marked increase in urinary nitrogen excretion. These results indicate that a high-fat diet could exert a significant favorable effect on cold tolerance in fasted rats, but the effect would not be as much as as in cold acclimated rats.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1975

Substitution of cellular fatty acids in yeast cells by the antibiotic cerulenin and exogenous fatty acids.

Cell growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 12341 inhibited by the antibiotic cerulenin, a specific inhibitor of fatty acid and sterol syntheses, was reversed by various exogenous fatty acids. Myristic acid (14 : 0), pentadecanoic acid (15 : 0), palmitic acid (16 : 0), and oleic acid (18 : 1) reversed effectively the growth inhibition by cerulenin. When these cells were reversed by adding pentadecanoic acid, over 90% of native even-numbered fatty acids was substituted by odd-numbered fatty acids. Those in the cells reversed by adding oleic acid were almost all unsaturated fatty acids. Cerulenin did not inhibit either elongation or desaturation systems in S. cerevisiae.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1975

A rapid modified gas chromatographic assay for esterase activity.

A rapid modified procedure for the gas chromatogrpahic determination of esterase activity was studied. Aliphatic esters such as ethyl n-butyrate, n-propul n-butyrate, n-butyl n-butyrate and n-amyl n-butyrate were used as substrates and acetone was chosen as the most suitable solvent for dissolving the substrates in order to avoid alcoholysis. The enzyme reaction was started in a mixture of 0.03 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.90, containing an adequals, an aliquot of the reaction solutionwas injected directly on to a gas chromatograph and the alcohols produced were separated.

Animals↗