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Biomedical subjects

T Ohno

Publications and source records attributed to T Ohno.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Neoplastic angioendotheliosis of B-lymphocyte origin: an autopsy report].

A 56-year-old male presented with fever of unknown origin and subacute dementia which progressed to death with seizure, coma and acute deterioration of general conditions. He had splenomegaly but not skin eruption or lymph node swelling. Autopsy findings showed that mononuclear tumor cells were widespread within the lumens of small blood vessels, indicating the features of neoplastic angioendotheliosis. The involved organs were shown to be brain, lung, adrenal grand, testis, bone marrow, heart and thyroid gland. To determine the origin of tumor cells, an immunohistochemical study was carried out using a panel of monoclonal antibodies. The results indicated that the tumor cells were of B-lymphocyte origin. These findings support the possibility that neoplastic angioendotheliosis is a lymphoma with proliferation in small blood vessels throughout the body.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1989

Soluble interleukin-2 receptors in plasma cell dyscrasias.

Levels of the soluble form of the interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) were evaluated in the peripheral blood of 69 patients with plasma cell dyscrasias. A close relationship was seen between serum sIL-2R levels and clinical features. Among patients with normal BUN and creatinine levels, the mean (+/- 1SD) level of sIL-2R in 44 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) was higher than that of normal controls (457 +/- 227 U/ml vs 288 +/- 124 U/ml, P = 0.01). The mean level of sIL-2R in eight patients with primary macroglobulinemia was 722 +/- 251 U/ml. In MM, those with active or refractory disease showed a significantly higher mean level of sIL-2R than those in the remission phase (577 +/- 240 U/ml vs 335 +/- 103 U/ml, P = 0.01). There was a negative correlation between sIL-2R and hemoglobin levels in MM patients (r = -0.45, P = 0.01). Five patients with complications of renal insufficiency had elevated levels of sIL-2R. In a longitudinal study of a patient with plasmacytoma and an extremely high sIL2-R level, the sIL-2R level showed a strong relationship with tumor burden. Patients with high sIL-2R levels generally had a poor prognosis than those with normal levels. Thus a high sIL-2R level may be an indicator of a poor prognosis in MM.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Postoperative evaluation of mandibular prognathism corrected by sagittal splitting osteotomy].

The purpose of this study is to examine short-term postoperative stability of mandibular prognathism subjected to the surgical-orthodontic treatment. Eight skeletal Class III patients (7 females and 1 male) corrected by sagittal splitting ramus osteotomy after preoperative orthodontic treatment. The stable occlusions at six months after the orthognathic surgery were evaluated. Cephalometric radiographs and cephalometric laminagraphs were used as materials. The results were as follows: 1) Surgical changes: Pogonion was repositioned by 9.8 mm in an average. Overjet was increased of 9.1 mm in an average. Condyles were displaced antero-inferiorly in 3 cases. 2) Changes during intermaxillary fixation: Antero-superior rotation of the proximal segments were found. Region of chin moved inferiorly. Upper and lower incisors were inclined lingually. Variation of lower incisor inclination was larged. Condyle was displaced. 3) Changes from immediately before the release of intermaxillary fixation to the first month thereafter: Anterior-displacement of pogonion and antero-superior rotation of the proximal segment were found. Upper and lower incisors were inclined labially and lingually, respectively. Overjet was decreased. 4) Changes from the 1st to the 6th month after the release of intermaxillary fixation: Antero-superior rotation of the proximal segment and anterior displacement of pogonion were found to a slight extent. Upper incisor presented labial inclination and condyle tended to return to its preoperative position. The above results revealed that the aspect of relapse presented different changes between intermaxillary fixation period and after the release thereof. It was suggested to be ascribable to the setting up of the posterior margin of the distal segment in a position susceptible to the influence of soft tissues at skeletal fixation and to the extension of medial pterygoid muscle adherent to the distal segment. Therefore, appropriate retention of Class III elastics after the release there of were judged to be useful as countermeasures against relapse. In order to obtain postoperative stability, appropriate positioning of the proximal segment and countermeasures to the stress of medial pterygoid muscle during operation remain to be required further.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[A case of greater auricular nerve autologous nerve grafting for inferior alveolar nerve injury by mandibular fracture].

The results of peripheral nerve repair have been greatly improved in the last few years following the introduction of micro-surgery and increased application of free autologous nerve transplants. In the field of oral surgery, a rich experience has been made in plastic and reconstructive repair. The inferior alveolar nerve is endangered by a series of mandibular fractures, with fracture lines running along the nerve canal. For plastic repair of the inferior alveolar nerve, we interpose an autologous transplant from the greater auricular nerve.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Intensive chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation for a patient having wide-spread embryonal carcinoma in the central nervous system.

A patient with an intracranial embryonal carcinoma, which was resistant to cisplatin-based combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy, developed spinal seeding. Alpha fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and the beta chain of HCG (NCG beta) in serum or cerebrospinal fluid immediately returned to elevated levels despite sequential chemotherapy and resection. Accordingly, we treated this patient with spinal irradiation and intensive combination chemotherapy (cisplatin etoposide, vinblastine, cyclophosphamide and actinomycin D) followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation. With this treatment, the clinical manifestations showed a tendency to improve and, furthermore, the serum levels of AFP and HCG returned to normal. These findings suggest autologous bone marrow transplantation to be a potential approach to the treatment of patients with embryonal carcinomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of successful repair of a left subclavian arterial aneurysm ruptured into the esophagus--review of 89 cases in Japan].

This report concerns a case of a left arteriosclerotic subclavian arterial aneurysm ruptured into esophagus. A 61-year-old man who complained of fever, dyspnea, and dysphagia was diagnosed by chest X-ray, selective left subclavian arteriogram, and chest CT. Because he vomited a large amount of blood before an operation, we suspected that the aneurysm had ruptured into the esophagus, and therefore performed an emergency operation. The operative procedure consisted of exposing the aneurysm through a median sternotomy incision with the addition of a left supraclavicular incision, proximal and distal ligation, and reconstruction of blood flow by an aorto-left subclavian artery bypass with a Gore-tex prosthetic graft; however the aneurysm was not resected because of adhesion to the surrounding tissues. The post-operative course was uneventful and the patient is now normal and back at work, 2 years after the operation. Subclavian arterial aneurysms are relatively rare among peripheral arterial aneurysms. The common causes of subclavian aneurysms are arteriosclerosis (18%), trauma (14.6%), non specific inflammation (13.5%), and thoracic outlet syndrome (11%). Of the only 15 ruptures in 89 cases that have been reported in Japan, none have ruptured into the esophagus. Subclavian artery aneurysms represent a risk of rupture or peripheral circulatory failure, and consequently, should be considered for surgical treatment.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1989

Multiple myeloma in husband and wife.

A married couple with multiple myeloma (MM) is reported. Although we could not find any definite pathogenetic factors of MM in the spouses examined, the salient features of the 10 couples with MM reviewed, including ours, were summarized to obtain a better understanding of the pathogenesis of MM. The appearance of MM in spouses suggests that environmental factors are involved in the pathogenesis of MM.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Malignant lymphoma].

Malignant lymphoma is classified roughly into Hodgkin's disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) according to the biological characteristics. Malignant lymphoma in Japan has such characteristics as low incidence of HD, which is usually favorable in prognosis, and high incidence of NHLs, which have further distinctive features of less incidence of favorable follicular B cell lymphoma and of higher incidence of unfavorable diffuse T cell lymphoma including adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) in comparison with those in western countries. As a recent trend of progress in lymphoma study, the introduction of molecular diagnosis by means of gene rearrangement analysis of immunoglobulin and T cell antigen receptor has contributed diagnostically to a definitive determination of T and B cell lineage and cellular monoclonality in malignant lymphoma. On the other hand, remarkable progress has been made in the treatment of malignant lymphoma in recent years. After all, in HD even far advanced cases have been expected to be curable by the combination chemotherapy, for example, MOPP regimen in USA at the present time. Furthermore, in NHL even advanced cases with such aggressive lymphoma as diffuse large cell lymphoma of B cell type have also been able to survive for more than 10 years and may be curable with the frequency of more than 30% in several institutions. Nowadays, the treatment for malignant lymphoma has focussed on multidisciplinary cure-oriented therapy including chemotherapy and radiotherapy in a collaboration of surgical procedure and immunotherapeutic maneuvers. The recent chemotherapy regimen has been called "third generation" ones characterized by alternating non-cross resistant combination and frequent administration of intense drug dose. Furthermore, various biologics such as monoclonal antibodies, several BRMs including IFNs, IL-2 and TNF, and recombinant G-CSF and GM-CSF have been applied in lymphoma treatment to improve the efficacy of combination chemotherapy in new designs of clinical trials.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1989

Anterolateral uncoforaminotomy for cervical spondylotic monoradiculopathy.

Twenty patients with cervical spondylotic monoradiculopathy treated with anterolateral uncoforaminotomy were analysed. Spondylotic spur of the level associated with radiculopathy was revealed to be continuous from the uncovertebral joint to the posterior ridge of the vertebral body in 18 patients and was observed posterolaterally in two. Anterolateral uncoforaminotomy was found to safely remove continuous type of spur, resulting in decompression of the cord-root complex, which shifted anteriorly after surgery. As a result, no neurological symptoms were observed in 19 of 20 radiculopathy patients. From our present series, it could be concluded that the most important factor in relieving neurological manifestations of this disorder is anterolateral decompression of the cord-root complex.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A novel phenotype (CD 4+, Leu 7+) in large granular lymphocyte leukemia: a case report].

We report a case of a 72-year-old man with large granular lymphocyte (LGL) leukemia. Immunophenotypical analysis of the abnormal cells showed the following results: CD 2+, CD 3+, CD 4+, CD 8-, CD 11+, CD 16-, Leu 7+. These cells had natural killer (NK) activity, responded to PHA and recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2), and showed neither helper nor suppressor function in B-cell differentiation. Molecular genetical analysis showed monoclonal rearrangement of T-cell receptor beta-chain gene, indicating they are of T-cell origin. These findings provide information on biological characteristics of normal CD 4+, Leu 7+ cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Species identification of blood stains using a biotin-labeled DNA probe.

In an attempt to identify blood stains of human origin, DNA was extracted from human and animal dried blood stains and examined using recombinant DNA techniques. As a DNA probe, biotin-labeled or radioisotopically labeled human repetitive sequence 2.3 Kb Hind III fragment (pH 12) in pBR 322 was used. The probe clearly hybridized with human DNA, but not with DNA extracted from frog, fish, mouse, rat, rabbit, chicken, cat, dog, and sheep. DNA from a Japanese monkeies and from a chimpanzee also hybridized with comparable efficiency. The minimum amount of the blood for the species identification was estimated to 0.4 microliter of fresh blood, 2.1 microliters of 2 weeks old blood stain and 3.8 microliters of 3 months old blood stains, indicating that only one drop of human blood is sufficient for species identification. There was no difference of "signal" between isotopic and non-isotopic procedures for DNA analysis. The advantages of the non-isotopic method for species identification of blood stains in forensic science is briefly discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Comparative studies on steroidogenesis and prostaglandins production by luteal cells in newly formed corpora lutea and early pregnancy].

The present study was undertaken to assess the ability of cultured luteal cells from human corpora lutea (CL) in the mid luteal phase and the early pregnancy to secrete steroids and prostaglandins (PGs). Luteal cells responded to hCG with a significant increase (2- to 4-fold) in progesterone (P) production. The addition of hCG to the culture media did not stimulate estradiol (E2) production. In contrast, both P and E2 secretion by luteal cells in early pregnancy were significantly lower than those found in the mid luteal phase. Exposure to hCG did not affect P production by luteal cells in early pregnancy. Arachidonic acid (AA) significantly stimulated PGE2 synthesis by luteal cells in the mid luteal phase in a dose-dependent manner. Both basal PGE2 production and the responsiveness to AA were maintained for the duration of the culture. However, hCG did not affect AA-stimulated PGE2 production. Both PGF2 alpha and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha production abruptly declined as the culture proceeded. PG synthesis by cultured luteal cells in early pregnancy was significantly lower than in the mid luteal phase. The ultrastructural characteristics of luteal cells in early pregnancy, which contained lipid droplets, granular and agranular endoplasmic reticulum and large spherical mitochondria, were maintained after 10 days in culture. The present results demonstrate that P and PGE2 production by cultured luteal cells predominate during the mid luteal phase. These data suggest that PGE2, but not PGF2 alpha, may be involved in the regulation of CL function in the menstrual cycle.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1988

Fulminant clonal expansion of large granular lymphocytes. Characterization of their morphology, phenotype, genotype, and function.

A 39-year-old woman exhibited abrupt malignant transformation of the large granular lymphocytes (LGL) after a chronic course of T gamma-lymphoproliferative disease (T gamma-LPD). The T gamma-lymphocytes were CD2+, CD3-, CD8-, CD16+, Leu7-, and Leu19+ with morphologic characteristics of LGL. Newly appearing LGL were much larger and had more prominent azurophilic granules. Although fundamentally they had the same phenotype as the LGL in chronic stage, they showed increased Ia-like antigen and decreased CD16 antigen expressions. Immunoglobulin (Ig) G-kappa type monoclonal component was detected in the patient's serum. The LGL showed a germ-line configuration for T-cell receptor (TCR) beta and gamma chain genes, whereas the clonal chromosomal abnormalities indicated the neoplastic nature of the LGL. The LGL exhibited competent natural killer (NK), interleukin 2 (IL2) activated killer (AK), and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activities. The LGL may have derived from NK cells at their mature stage with prethymic phenotype and may have influenced the homeostasis of the patient's humoral immune response.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effects of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine incorporation on elongation of specific DNA sequences by DNA polymerase beta.

1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) is an effective antileukemic agent which acts as an inhibitor of DNA synthesis. The precise mechanism responsible for this inhibitory effect, however, remains unclear. The present work has examined the effects of the triphosphate derivative, ara-CTP, on purified DNA polymerase beta. These studies were performed on M13 phage DNA templates of defined sequence. The results demonstrate that ara-C is incorporated into DNA by DNA polymerase beta. The results also demonstrate that the incorporated ara-C residue acts as a relative chain terminator. Moreover, the relative chain terminating effects of ara-C are sequence specific. In this regard, DNA strand elongation was progressively slowed at sequences of two, three, and four contiguous sites for cytosine incorporation. We also demonstrate that the inhibitory effects of ara-C are reversed by competition with deoxycytidine-triphosphate for incorporation into the DNA strand. Taken together, these findings are consistent with structural differences of the incorporated arabinosyl moiety which alter reactivity of the 3'-terminus and thereby inhibit chain elongation. These findings also provide new insights regarding the inhibitory effects of ara-C on elongation of specific DNA sequences.

Arabinofuranosylcytosine Triphosphate↗