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Biomedical subjects

T Ogino

Publications and source records attributed to T Ogino.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effects of nicotinamide and its isomers on iron-induced renal damage.

The effects of three isomers of pyridinecarboxamide (picolinamide (2-pyridinecarboxamide), nicotinamide (3-pyridinecarboxamide) and isonicotinamide (4-pyridinecarboxamide)) on iron-induced renal damage were studied. Pyridinecarboxamide (250 mg/kg body weight, ip) was administered 10 min before injection of ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe(III)-NTA) (7.5 mgFe/kg body weight, ip). In picolinamide-treated rats, the renal tubular necrosis induced by Fe(III)-NTA was attenuated and serum creatinine did not increase. Picolinamide most efficiently suppressed renal lipid peroxidation in vivo-induced by Fe(III)-NTA. Non-heme iron levels in the kidneys after Fe(III)-NTA injection did not differ in groups to which pyridinecarboxamides were administered. To elucidate the protective effects of picolinamide, we studied the action of pyridinecarboxamides on lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in vitro. These isomers inhibited iron-induced lipid peroxidation of linolenic acid. Picolinamide had no effect on DNA damage, but nicotinamide and isonicotinamide promoted DNA damage by iron, especially when ascorbate was used as a reductant. None of these pyridinecarboxamide isomers changed the chlelate structure of Fe(III)-NTA as shown by electronic absorption spectra. Among the three isomers, picolinamide most effectively protected the kidneys against iron-induced renal damage, since it not only inhibited iron-induced lipid peroxidation, but also had little enhancing action on DNA damage by iron.

Amides↗
PubMed1992

Histochemical detection of lipid peroxidation in human gastrointestinal, mammary and renal carcinomas.

Constitutional lipid peroxidation in randomly selected 32 cases of clinically advanced carcinoma from human gastrointestinal tract (20 cases), breast (8 cases) and kidney (4 cases) was examined histochemically in frozen sections using cold Schiff's reagent. Only two cases of gastrointestinal carcinoma were positive by the reagent. Non-cancerous parenchymal cells were negative. These findings suggest that detectable constitutional lipid peroxidation seldom occurs in either cancerous or normal tissues. The capacity for normal and neoplastic tissues to undergo lipid peroxidation was also studied by incubation with an iron-NADPH pro-oxidant system. Normal parenchymal cells showed, to various degrees, a positive reactivity. In gastrointestinal carcinoma, 6 out of 7 cases of well differentiated adenocarcinoma reacted positively, whereas 2 out of 8 cases of moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma disclosed weakly positive reactions. Mucinous adenocarcinomas (4 cases) were all negative. Signet-ring cell carcinoma (1 case) was positive. One out of 8 cases of breast cancer also showed positive reaction. Four renal cell carcinomas were all negative. Cancer cells have lower capacity to undergo lipid peroxidation than normal cells, when the iron-NADPH pro-oxidant system was employed. In gastrointestinal carcinoma, the ability to undergo lipid peroxidation by the iron-NADPH pro-oxidant seems to be correlated with their histological differentiation. This fact may suggest that differences in lipid composition or the NADPH enzyme system exist between well differentiated and poorly differentiated gastrointestinal malignancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

An alpha-fetoprotein-producing carcinoma of the rectum.

A rare alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing carcinoma that originated in the rectum of a 54-year-old man is reported. High levels of AFP are found in the serum (5,126 ng/ml) and homogenate of the tumor tissue (2,600 ng/g). Two morphologic patterns were noted in the tumor. One was that of well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma and the other was more polymorphous, in which the tumor cells grow in a solid-sheet with occasional glandular and papillary structures. Hyaline bodies and Schiller-Duval body-like structures were also found in the polymorphous area. There was a gradual transition between the well differentiated and the polymorphous area. AFP was positive in the polymorphous area and negative in the well differentiated area on immunohistochemical examination. These morphologic and immunohistochemical characteristics may suggest a differentiation toward embryonal carcinoma of the polymorphous component. Moreover, the polymorphous component showed marked vascular invasion and metastasis of liver as well as regional lymph nodes. AFP-producing carcinoma cells may be more aggressive than ordinary adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Algorithms of CT value correction for reconstructing a radiotherapy simulation image through axial CT images].

New algorithms of CT value correction for reconstructing a radiotherapy simulation image through axial CT images were developed. One, designated plane weighting method, is to correct CT value in proportion to the position of the beam element passing through the voxel. The other, designated solid weighting method, is to correct CT value in proportion to the length of the beam element passing through the voxel and the volume of voxel. Phantom experiments showed fair spatial resolution in the transverse direction. In the longitudinal direction, however, spatial resolution of under slice thickness could not be obtained. Contrast resolution was equivalent for both methods. In patient studies, the reconstructed radiotherapy simulation image was almost similar in visual perception of the density resolution to a simulation film taken by an X-ray simulator.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1991

Assignment of resonance in the 1H spectrum of rat brain by two-dimensional shift correlated and J-resolved NMR spectroscopy.

Two-dimensional shift-correlated (COSY) and J-resolved NMR spectroscopy was used to identify and assign resonance in the aliphatic region (0.8 to 4.5 ppm) of the 1H spectrum of acid extracts and tissue of rat brain. The chemical shift and spin-spin coupling constants of several resonances, which could not be resolved in one-dimensional spectra of tissue, were determined. These properties, together with the appropriate multiplet structure and scalar coupling patterns observed in 2D J-resolved and COSY spectra, were used to assign the resonances of lactate, threonine, alanine gamma-amino butyrate, N-acetyl aspartate, aspartate, glutamate, glutamine, taurine, and myo-inositol. The single peak observed at 1.33 ppm in the 1D 1H spectrum of excised brain tissue, which is generally assigned to lactate, was shown instead to consist of two overlapping peaks in 2D COSY contour plots. The intensity of both resonances increased considerably after death. The second resonance was assigned to threonine and the assignment was confirmed by ion-exchange chromatography. Several cross peaks were identified in 2D COSY spectra of intact brain tissue that were not present in similar spectra of the acid extract. The nonmetabolite resonances were assigned to macromolecules. Analysis of 2D COSY contour plots in conjunction with 1D spectra revealed that the total creatinine (creatinine + phosphocreatine) resonance at 3.0 ppm was overlapped by both GABA and macromolecules. This macromolecule resonance was present in a 2D COSY spectrum of the rat brain obtained in situ with a surface coil following cardiac arrest, indicating that its presence in the 2D spectrum of excised brain tissue did not arise from tissue disruption.

Alanine↗
PubMed1991

Stage I-II carcinoma of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue treated with different modalities: a retrospective analysis of 244 patients.

Treatment results of 244 patients with stage I-II cancer of the mobile tongue were analyzed according to the modalities employed (implantation, surgery, cryosurgery and intraoral irradiation). Overall local control rates at three years were 90 +/- 3% for implant, 89 +/- 7% for cryosurgery, and 84 +/- 9% for surgery. Local control rates in stage II patients treated with intraoral electron irradiation, however, were only 50 +/- 13%. Five-year survival rates were 72 +/- 3% with no significant differences observed in patients with either stage I or stage II regardless of treatment modality. Sixty percent (29/48) of the patients with local recurrences were salvaged by the second treatment. Since the local control and survival achieved by these modalities were similar, with the exception of patients with stage II treated by intraoral electron irradiation, we recommend interstitial implantation with iridium, intraoral electron irradiation or surgery for patients with T1 tumors, and iridium implantation or surgery for patients with T2 tumors. For those with superficial lesions measuring 5 mm or less in thickness, cryosurgery is being offered as an alternative. The patient can choose the treatment modality taking into account his/her age, sex and profession.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1991

Extensor tendon rupture due to osteoarthritis of the distal radio-ulnar joint.

Five cases of closed rupture of the finger extensor tendon due to osteoarthritis of the distal radioulnar joint were studied. Difficulty in extension began at the little finger and extended to the ring and long fingers. Pain and swelling in the dorsal aspect of the wrist preceded the tendon rupture. Osteoarthritic changes at the distal radio-ulnar joint were more severe than those at the radio-carpal and intercarpal joints. The distal end of the ulna showed the plus variant, as well as dorsal dislocation or subluxation. All patients underwent a tendon graft or tendon transfer, with excision of the distal ulna. The tendon rupture was thought to be caused mainly by friction between the displaced distal end of the ulna and osteophytes of the distal radio-ulnar joint.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Accessory nerve injury: conservative or surgical treatment?

In order to clarify the functional prognosis of accessory nerve injury after nerve repair and nonsurgical treatment, 27 of our cases with accessory nerve injury were studied. 20 cases were followed up for more than 8 months. In ten cases treated conservatively, the dull feeling and hypaesthesia did not improve. However, pain and dysfunction of the shoulder improved in half of these cases. In ten cases treated surgically, nerve suture was performed in two cases, nerve graft in five cases and neurolysis in three cases. In the surgically treated group, subjective complaints disappeared in all cases, but hypaesthesia or contracture of the shoulder persisted in three cases. Surgical treatment of the accessory nerve is recommended in fresh cases with complete paralysis and in cases in which there is no sign of nerve recovery within one year after the original injury.

Accessory Nerve↗
PubMed1991

A case of bipartite median nerve at the wrist.

We report a case of bipartite median nerve at the wrist associated with contracture of the flexor muscles in the forearm and anterior interosseous nerve palsy. The possibility of a bipartite median nerve must be borne in mind during operations on the distal forearm.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1991

Tumourous deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in the wrist. A case report.

A 63-year-old man had a tumourous deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in the palmar aspect of the wrist. Traumatic micro-fracture or osteoarthritis was thought to have triggered the deposition of these crystals. It should be possible to differentiate the lesion clinically and radiologically from tumoural calcinosis, in which the deposits consist of calcium carbonate and/or calcium phosphate.

Calcium Pyrophosphate↗
PubMed1991

Antihypertensive effect of synthetic tetrandrine derivatives in SHR rats.

1. Effects of oral administration of synthetic tetrandrine (TD) derivatives (20 mg/kg per day) for 9 weeks on blood pressure, heart rate, plasma renin concentration (PRC) and vascular reactivities to pressor substances were studied in spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats. 2. 7-O-Ethyl fangchinolin (7-O-EFC) and 7-O-isopropyl fangchinolin (7-O-IFC) produced a significant and sustained reduction in blood pressure from the first week of administration. 7-O-EFC reduced heart rate when determined under restraint conditions, but not under unanesthetized, freely moving conditions. 3. TD derivatives produced no effect on PRC. 4. Pressor response to phenylephrine was reduced significantly whereas the response to angiotensin II was enhanced after prolonged administration of 7-O-EFC and 7-O-IFC. 5. These results demonstrate that TD derivatives are potential antihypertensive drugs, and that attenuation of the pressor response to phenylephrine may contribute at least in part to its antihypertensive effect.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1991

Radiotherapy of T1 glottic cancer with 6 MeV X rays.

We treated 154 patients with T1 glottic carcinoma with 6 MeV X rays through 16 cm2 parallel-opposing open fields on a free set-up delivering a median dose of 67 Gy in 6 2/3 weeks. Observed and relative 5-year survival rates for all patients were 87% and 100%, respectively. The local control rate at 5 years was 89%. Of 18 patients who clinically had local recurrence, 17 were salvaged by a secondary treatment. There were no complications requiring medical or surgical attention. A tendency toward increasing local control rates with increasing total doses was observed in the range between 57.5 Gy and 72.5. No significant correlation was found between local control rates and field size, daily dose, or the technique used. A tendency toward a lower local control rate was noted for patients whose anterior commissures were grossly involved; however, it is not known if this could be attributed to the use of 6 MeV X rays. The results are comparable to those obtained with 60Co as reported in the literature. It is concluded that 6 MeV X rays on a free set-up delivering 65-70 Gy in 6 1/2-7 weeks can be used satisfactorily for the treatment of early glottic carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Diagnosis of radial nerve palsy caused by ganglion with use of different imaging techniques.

Clinical features of six cases of radial nerve compression syndrome as a result of ganglion at the elbow are reported. The usefulness of different imaging techniques for detecting the location of ganglion is compared. The posterior interosseous nerve was involved in two patients, the radial sensory nerve in one patient, and both nerves in three patients. Ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed the location of the ganglion in every patient. Ultrasonography was most convenient for screening examination when it was difficult to clearly define a ganglion by palpation. In all patients, a ganglion arose from the anterior capsule of the elbow joint. Dynamic factors in addition to compression of the nerve by ganglion may influence occurrence of the nerve palsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Anisakiasis of the colon: report of two cases with emphasis on the diagnostic and therapeutic value of colonoscopy.

Anisakiasis of the colon is a rare entity as compared with gastric anisakiasis, and its diagnosis is very difficult. We present here two cases--a 42-year-old woman and a 30-year-old woman--of anisakiasis of the colon treated by colonoscopic removal of the worm without surgery. The importance of colonoscopy for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease is briefly discussed.

Adult↗