Multiple stenting in hilar bile duct carcinoma: three-branched partial stent-in-stent deployment with the JOSTENT SelfX.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
T Ogawa
Publications and source records attributed to T Ogawa.
Are the results of surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma poor if the tumor has spontaneously ruptured?
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to clarify whether the results of surgical treatment of ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are poorer than the results of surgical treatment of non-ruptured HCC. METHODS: Out of a total of 224 HCC patients, the 6 patients with ruptured HCC were compared with 15 patients with non-ruptured HCC based on TNM stage IVA and having a Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP) score of 1 or 2. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in clinical and pathological features between the two groups. The 1-year and 3-year overall survival rates were 69.3% and 21.2%, respectively, in the ruptured HCC group and 51.3% and 20.5%, respectively, in the non-ruptured HCC group. The 1-year and 3-year disease-free survival rates were 33.0% and 0%, respectively, in the ruptured HCC group and 38.9% and 15.6%, respectively, in the non-ruptured HCC group. The differences in survival rates between these two groups did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Hepatic resection as definitive treatment after recovery from the initial insult of the rupture of HCC yields results similar to those obtained by surgical treatment of non-ruptured HCC at the same tumor stage and with the same degree of liver damage.
Adult↗
Correlations of hemoglobin index (IHb) of gastric mucosa with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and inflammation of gastric mucosa.
BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection causes various gastric diseases, among them H. pylori-associated gastritis characterized by diffuse redness of the gastric mucosa. The haemoglobin index (IHb) of the fundic mucosa is an objective parameter of the extent of mucosal redness, but it is unclear whether or not IHb can be used as a diagnostic marker for H. pylori infection. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the correlations between IHb of the fundic mucosa and H. pylori infection, inflammatory cell infiltration, and inflammatory mediator production. METHODS: IHb of the fundic mucosa was measured in 108 patients with various gastric diseases (group 1), and values were compared between H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative patients. Fifteen patients with H. pylori infection from group 1 underwent H. pylori eradication therapy and IHb was measured before and after treatment. Both IHb and inflammatory cell infiltration were assessed in 61 patients (group 2). In 31 patients from group 2, the expression of interleukin (IL)-8 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) messenger RNA (mRNA) was assayed in gastric biopsy specimens by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: IHb levels were significantly higher in H. pylori-positive patients than in H. pylori-negative patients (P < 0.001). IHb was decreased at one month after the eradication of H. pylori (P < 0.001). IHb was higher in patients with infiltration by both mononuclear cells and neutrophils (P < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between the IHb level and the expression of IL-8 mRNA (P < 0.001), as well as between IHb and iNOS mRNA expression (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There were significant correlations between IHb of the gastric mucosa and H. pylori infection, inflammatory cell infiltration, and IL-8/iNOS mRNA expression, suggesting that IHb is a reliable marker of H. pylori infection for use during follow-up endoscopy after H. pylori eradication therapy.
Biomarkers↗
Usefulness of diffusion tensor imaging of white matter in Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of diffusion tensor imaging in detecting the water diffusivity caused by neuropathological change in Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty patients with Alzheimer disease, 20 with vascular dementia, and 10 control subjects were examined. Diffusion tensor imaging applied diffusion gradient encoding in six non-collinear directions. Fractional anisotropy values were compared in the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum, and anterior and posterior white matter among the three groups. RESULTS: In the patients with Alzheimer disease, fractional anisotropy values of the posterior white matter were significantly lower than those of controls. In patients with vascular dementia, fractional anisotropy values of the anterior white matter tended to be lower than those of the posterior white matter (P=0.07). CONCLUSION: Diffusion tensor imaging reflects the neuropathological changes in the white matter, and may be useful in the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia.
Aged↗
Roles of major oligosaccharides on Cry j 1 in human immunoglobulin E and T cell responses.
BACKGROUND: We have demonstrated that carbohydrates in Cry j 1, the major allergen of Cryptomeria japonica pollen, play a major role in promoting Cry j 1-specific Th2 response. However, little is known as to whether the carbohydrates directly participate in allergic responses. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether Cry j 1-related oligosaccharides function as IgE and/or T cell epitopes. In addition, the regulatory effect of Cry j 1-related oligosaccharide on Cry j 1-specific T cell responses was investigated. METHODS: Two monovalent oligosaccharides largely found on Cry j 1, Manalpha1-6(Manalpha1-3)(Xylbeta1-2)Manbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc (M3FX), and GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-6(GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-3)(Xylbeta1-2)Manbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc (GN2M3FX) were prepared. Manalpha1-2Manalpha1-6(Manalpha1-2Manalpha1-3)Manalpha1-6(Manalpha1-2Manalpha1-2Manalpha1-3)Manbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-4GlcNAc (M9A) was used as control. Competitive inhibition ELISA for Cry j 1-specific IgE was performed using these oligosaccharides as inhibitors. In addition, T cell lines specific for Cry j 1 or purified protein derivative of Mycobacterium tubecurosis (PPD) were established, and cellular responses against these oligosaccharides were investigated in the presence or absence of the respective antigens. RESULTS: Overall, neither M3FX nor GN2M3FX displayed inhibitory effect on the binding between IgE and Cry j 1. In addition, M3FX did not by itself stimulate Cry j 1 or PPD-specific T cells. However, M3FX significantly inhibited Cry j 1-induced proliferation and IL-4 production in Cry j 1-specific T cells. Such an inhibitory effect was not seen in PPD-specific T cell responses. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that Cry j 1-related oligosaccharides are not major epitopes for IgE or T cells. However, these oligosaccharides have a novel potential to inhibit Cry j 1-specific T cell responses selectively.
Adolescent↗
Denture wearing and strong bite force reduce pressure pain threshold of edentulous oral mucosa.
Pain in denture supporting tissue is one of the most common and critical problems affecting function and treatment outcomes in complete denture prosthetics. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of denture wearing and bite force on the pressure pain threshold (PPT) of edentulous oral mucosa. PPT was measured in denture and non-denture-wearing patients by using an electronic-controlled pressure algometer. Bite force was measured in denture-wearing patients by using a pressure-detecting sheet. The mid palate showed 200-300% higher PPT than the buccal alveolar mucosa (two-way anova, P < 0.0001). Denture-wearing patients exhibited 40% lower palatal PPT than non-denture-wearing patients. In denture-wearing patients, PPT in the selected areas of the oral mucosa was negatively correlated with bite force. Denture wearing may reduce PPT in selected areas of the edentulous oral mucosa, and the PPT reduction may be associated with mechanical stress on the mucosa generated by bite force.
Adult↗
Severe factor XI deficiency caused by a Gly555 to Glu mutation (factor XI-Glu555): a cross-reactive material positive variant defective in factor IX activation.
During normal hemostasis, the coagulation protease factor (F)XIa activates FIX. Hereditary deficiency of the FXIa precursor, FXI, is usually associated with reduced FXI protein in plasma, and circulating dysfunctional FXI variants are rare. We identified a patient with < 1% normal plasma FXI activity and normal levels of FXI antigen, who is homozygous for a FXI Gly555 to Glu substitution. Gly555 is two amino acids N-terminal to the protease active site serine residue, and is highly conserved among serine proteases. Recombinant FXI-Glu555 is activated normally by FXIIa and thrombin, and FXIa-Glu555 binds activated factor IX similarly to wild type FXIa (FXIa(WT)). When compared with FXIa(WT), FXIa-Glu555 activates factor IX at a greatly reduced rate ( approximately 400-fold), and is resistant to inhibition by antithrombin. Interestingly, FXIa(WT) and FXIa-Glu555 cleave the small tripeptide substrate S-2366 with comparable k(cat)s. Modeling indicates that the side chain of Glu555 significantly alters the electrostatic charge around the active site, and would sterically interfere with the interaction between the FXIa S2' site and the P2' residues on factor IX and antithrombin. FXI-Glu555 is the first reported example of a naturally occurring FXI variant with a significant defect in FIX activation.
Antithrombin III↗
[Open stent-grafting for a distal aortic arch aneurysm with a endotracheal tube].
An open stent-grafting for a distal aortic arch aneurysm with a endotracheal tube is presented herein. The graft which has a Gianturco Z stent at its distal end was successfully inserted into the descending thoracic aorta through a endotracheal tube without fluoroscopy. This technique might easily deploy the stent-graft without damage of aortic wall compared with other deployment methods.
Aged↗
Anti-arthritic properties of FK506 on collagen-induced arthritis in rats.
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: To determine the effect of FK506 (tacrolimus) on paw inflammation, TNF-alpha expression in joint, and bone and cartilage destruction in type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model in rats. METHODS: CIA was induced by immunization of female Lewis rats with an emulsion of bovine type II collagen and incomplete Freund's adjuvant. Paw inflammation was assessed by the increase in paw volume. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -alpha expression in hind knee joint was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis. Lesions of bone and cartilage were assessed on the basis of histological change in knee joint, radiographic analysis in hind paw, bone mineral density in femora and proteoglycan contents in the cartilage of femoral heads. FK506 at doses of 1, 1.8 and 3.2 mg/kg or its placebo formulation was orally administered to rats for 28 days from the day after immunization (n = 10). Effect of FK506 was compared with that of vehicle (distilled water). RESULTS: FK506 at a dose of 1.8 mg/kg significantly suppressed paw swelling (p < 0.01) and histological change in knee joint (p < 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha was mainly expressed in the region with a marked infiltration of inflammatory cells in the hind knee joint. FK506 (3.2 mg/kg) markedly reduced TNF-alpha expression. FK506 at a dose of 1.8 mg/kg suppressed radiographic changes in hind paw (p < 0.05) and also recovered the decrease in bone mineral density in the femora (p < 0.05). Proteoglycan contents in the cartilage of femoral heads were determined to evaluate the cartilage destruction more quantitatively and found to significantly decrease in CIA rats. FK506 at a dose of 1.8 mg/kg recovered the loss of proteoglycan contents (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: These results show that FK506 is effective in suppressing inflammation, TNF-alpha expression in joint, and damage to bone and cartilage in rat CIA, and may be useful in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Animals↗
Gallbladder duplication successfully removed laparoscopically using endoscopic nasobiliary tube.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is sometimes difficult due to complicated biliary anatomy including gallbladder duplication, a rare anomaly of the biliary tract. We report a case of duplicated gallbladder successfully removed under laparoscopy using endoscopic nasobiliary (ENB) tube cholangiography. A 61-year-old Japanese woman presented us with right upper abdominal pain. Ultrasonography revealed two cystic structures lying in the gallbladder fossa, and the upper one contained multiple stones. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography showed two gallbladders, each of which has a cystic duct draining into the common bile duct separately. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was planned under the preoperative diagnosis of double gallbladder with gallstones in the accessory gallbladder. The ENB tube was inserted just before the operation. Laparoscopic removal of the double gallbladder was successfully done using the ENB tube to identify the biliary tree anatomy and to close the stump of the cystic duct. In this communication, we would like to stress the usefulness of the ENB tube at the time of laparoscopic biliary surgery in patients with biliary anomalies including gallbladder duplication.
Bile Ducts↗
Activation of defense-related gene expression and systemic acquired resistance in cucumber mosaic virus-infected tobacco plants expressing the mammalian 2'5'oligoadenylate system.
Tobacco plants expressing the mammalian 2'5'oligoadenylate system (2-5A system) exhibit resistance to cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Here, to characterize the molecular aspect of the resistance to CMV in 2-5A system-expressing tobaccos, the activation of defense-related genes and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) as the markers for the hypersensitive resistance (HR), were elucidated. Northern hybridization analysis indicated that the expression of four pathogenesis-related (PR) protein genes and five HR-related genes were induced in CMV-infected tobaccos expressing 2-5A system. Furthermore, the induction of SAR against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci as second challenge, was observed on CMV-inoculated tobaccos expressing 2-5A system. These results suggested that the resistance to CMV in tobacco expressing 2-5A system is associated with the establishment of an HR-like response.
Adenine Nucleotides↗
Measurement of an apoptotic product in the sera of breast cancer patients.
During apoptosis, a number of intracellular proteins are cleaved by caspases. The intermediate filament protein cytokeratin 18 (CK18) is cleaved at Asp238 and Asp396. A monoclonal antibody, M30, specifically recognises a fragment of CK18 cleaved at Asp396 (M30-antigen). We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure M30-antigen levels in the sera of 82 healthy subjects and 201 patients with breast cancer. Patients with primary cancer had higher M30-antigen levels than healthy subjects (P=0.0001). Patients with recurrent cancer showed higher M30-antigen levels than healthy controls and patients with primary cancer (P<0.0001 and P=0.008, respectively). In patients with primary cancer, M30-antigen levels were higher in the oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative subgroup than the ER-positive subgroup. In patients with recurrent cancer, M30-antigen levels correlated with the number of involved organs and performance status (P=0.041 and P=0.014, respectively). There was no association between serum M30-antigen levels and patient prognosis. We conclude that the levels of circulating M30-antigen are increased in patients with breast cancer.
Adult↗
Amended biochemical characteristics and phylogenetic position of Treponema medium.
Umemoto et al. (1997, Int J Syst Bacteriol 47, pp. 67-72) proposed spirochete strain G7201, isolated from the periodontal pocket of an adult patient, as a new species, Treponema medium. They deposited this strain in the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) as type strain ATCC 700293T. Recently, ATCC suggested that there is a discrepancy between the previous report and the results obtained by ATCC in biochemical tests on T. medium ATCC 700293T. In this study, we re-examined and verified the biochemical characteristics of T. medium. The fermentation pattern of carbohydrates of T. medium resembled that of Treponema vincentii and Treponema denticola, but T. medium was clearly differentiated from T. vincentii in the production of indole, and from T. denticola in the hydrolysis of esculin. Also, sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) protein profile analysis and phylogenetic comparison of 16S rDNA sequences revealed that T. medium is clearly differentiated from any established treponemal species, which supports the validity of the proposal of Treponema medium as a new species.
Bacterial Proteins↗
Effect of FK506 eye drops on late and delayed-type responses in ocular allergy models.
BACKGROUND: It is well-known that FK506 strongly inhibits cytokine production by T cells in vitro. However, less evidence is available from in vivo studies of ocular allergy. OBJECTIVE: To study the anti-inflammatory effect of FK506 eye drops on late and delayed-type responses in several animal models of ocular allergy. METHODS: Rats and guinea-pigs were sensitized with egg albumin (EA) in adjuvant and later challenged by topical EA application to their eyes to examine the late response. Biopsy specimens of conjunctiva were stained with haematoxylin-eosin or stained for T cells and eosinophils. In addition, rats, rabbits and guinea-pigs were sensitized with complete Freund's adjuvant and later challenged by injecting purified protein derivatives for the delayed-type response. Bulbar conjunctival oedema and hyperaemia were graded by score in rabbits, and Evans blue (EB) extravasation was measured in rats and guinea-pigs. FK506 (0.01-1%) and steroid (0.1%) eye drops were instilled in the eyes of animals several times, before and after challenge. RESULTS: FK506 eye drops inhibited T cell and eosinophil infiltration in the late response and EB extravasation in the delayed-type response in rats. Also, they inhibited conjunctival oedema, hyperaemia and ocular mucus in the delayed-type response in rabbits. These effects were similar to those of steroid eye drops (betamethasone sodium phosphate, fluorometholone). FK506 eye drops also inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration, the loss of conjunctival epithelium and decrease of goblet cells in the late response as well as EB extravasation in the delayed-type response in guineapigs, a steroid-resistant species. CONCLUSION: FK506 eye drops inhibit late and delayed-type responses in animal models of ocular allergy.
Animals↗
A simplified sieve method for determining masticatory performance using hydrocolloid material.
The purpose of this study was to develop a simplified technique for measuring masticatory performance by measuring the particle size distribution of masticated hydrocolloid impression material using a sieve method. Masticatory performance was defined as the rate of increase in the number of particles of masticated material on specific sieves with the increment in the number of chewing strokes. The number and weight of masticated hydrocolloid impression material on 10 sieves were compared with results for peanuts. The reproducibility of this method to determine masticatory performance was then examined. In seven sieves, there was a linear relationship between the number of particles and the number of chewing strokes for the hydrocolloid impression material; Pearson's correlation coefficient was higher for the hydrocolloid impression material than for peanuts. Measuring masticatory performance three times a day and three times every week revealed there were no differences in intra-individual variation in masticatory performance in six sieves. There was no significant difference between the masticatory performance calculated from two mastication tasks using the specific sieves and that calculated from seven tasks. These results suggest that this simplified sieve method using hydrocolloid materials can be reliably used for research purposes and in clinical situations.
Adult↗
Pressure-pain threshold of oral mucosa and its region-specific modulation by pre-loading.
Once subjected to denture wearing, oral mucosa has to withstand mechanical loads of various levels and durations. However, how this load affects oral mucosal sensitivity is unknown. This study investigated the pressure-pain threshold (PPT) of oral mucosa with or without pre-loading. An electric pressure algometer was developed specifically for measuring the PPT of oral mucosa. Measurements of 10 dentulous maxillae showed that the baseline PPT (BPPT) of the palatal site was 4.9- and 3.7-fold greater than that of the labial or buccal sites, respectively. The PPT of the labial site decreased significantly compared with its BPPT after 2 s-100% BPPT and 5 s-100% BPPT pre-loading. The PPT of the palatal site increased after 5 s-50% BPPT and 5 s-80% BPPT and 0.2 s-100% BPPT and 2 s-100% BPPT pre-loading. The PPT of the buccal site did not change after all levels and durations of pre-loadings tested. These results indicated the disproportionate modulation of oral mucosal PPT following various loads, suggesting that oral mucosa possesses region-specific psychophysical tolerance to mechanical stimuli.
Adult↗
Vertebral artery dissection in an infant: ultrastructural aberrations in connective tissue components.
We report on a 14-month-old boy who had acute multiple infarcts in the posterior circulation due to an extremely early onset of spontaneous vertebral artery dissection. Despite the absence of clinical signs of connective tissue disorders, an ultrastructural change of collagen fibrils and elastic fibers indicated connective tissue abnormalities. Arterial dissection should be considered as a cause of stroke during infancy.
Elastic Tissue↗
Obstructed coarctation in a right aortic arch in an adult female.
Coarctation of a right aortic arch is rare congenital anomaly. We report a rare case of a 24-year-old female with coarctation of the right aortic arch with aberrant left subclavian artery between the right common carotid and right subclavian arteries. The coarctation progressed into complete obstruction as the interruption of the aorta in adulthood. To prevent cerebral complications and progression to heart failure, surgical procedure was selected. Extraanatomical bypass grafting between the ascending and descending aorta was successfully performed using cardiopulmonary bypass. Some patients diagnosed with interruption of the aortic arch in adulthood might be displaying progression of undiagnosed coarctation, as our in case. Three-dimensional computed tomography was useful to detect the obstructive lesion and to determine the surgical approach and methods.
Aortic Coarctation↗