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Biomedical subjects

T Ogata

Publications and source records attributed to T Ogata.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Successful preoperative intra-arterial chemotherapy and concurrent radiotherapy for recurrent chest wall malignant fibrous histiocytoma].

A case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of the chest wall is reported. A fifty-nine-year-old male admitted into our hospital suffering from a giant chest wall tumor that had recurred after three separate resections. Thrice preoperative intra-arterial infusions of ADR 50 mg/m2, CDDP 100 mg/m2 and ADR 50 mg/m2 were respectively administered along with 60 Gy of concurrent radiotherapy. After that, we widely resected the tumor, chest wall, clavicle, subclavian vein and part of the deltoid muscle. The defect of the chest wall was reconstructed with Marlex-Mesh and covered with a rectus abdominis muscle flap. No viable tumor cells were detected in the resected specimen. Aggressive preoperative chemoradiotherapy was very useful for the treatment of MFH in this case.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1994

[A case of simultaneous operation of recurrent aortic arch aneurysm and lung cancer].

A simultaneous operation was successfully performed on a 70-year-old man with recurrent aortic arch aneurysm and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Via a left thoracotomy, left lower lobectomy with lymph node resection was performed, and via the same incision, aneurysmectomy with graft replacement was performed under the hypothermic cerebral circulatory arrest. The patient was readmitted because of brain metastasis 10 months later, and died 11 months postoperatively. The present report suggests that selected cases of thoracic aortic aneurysm with malignant tumor are safely able to undergo simultaneous operations. This is the first report in Japan of aortic arch aneurysmectomy and lobectomy performed during the course of one operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Bone morphogenetic protein 2 transiently enhances expression of a gene, Id (inhibitor of differentiation), encoding a helix-loop-helix molecule in osteoblast-like cells.

Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) is a potent inducer of differentiation of osteoblasts both in vivo and in vitro. We examined the action of BMP-2 on expression of a helix-loop-helix-type transcription factor, Id (inhibitor of differentiation), in osteoblast-like cells, as well as in osteoblast-enriched cells and possible precursor cells. To our surprise, BMP-2 enhanced Id gene expression in the cell types of osteoblastic lineage we examined. The maximal BMP-2 enhancement was observed within 24 hr in early proliferating cultures and the enhancement lasted up to 96 hr. The BMP-2 effect was not blocked by actinomycin D, while it was blocked by cycloheximide, suggesting that BMP-2 regulates Id gene expression at least in part via posttranscriptional events, which require protein synthesis. Other experiments indicated that BMP-2 did not further enhance Id mRNA levels promoted by dexamethasone, while BMP-2 did not resume the Id mRNA levels suppressed by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Similar BMP-2 enhancement of Id message expression was also observed in osteoblast-enriched fetal rat calvaria cells as well as C3H10T1/2 cells. These results indicate that BMP-2 enhances expression of Id in early cultures of osteoblastic cells and suggest that enhancement of Id expression may somehow be involved in the promotion of differentiation by this cytokine in these osteoblastic cells and in their precursor cells.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1993

Prognostic significance of human papillomavirus genomes (type-16, -18) and aberrant expression of p53 protein in human esophageal cancer.

The presence and distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA or of increased expression of the p53 protein were determined in 71 patients with esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) by in situ hybridization with biotinylated DNA probes for HPV-16, -18, -31 and -33, and immunohistochemical techniques using antibody to p53 protein. Of 71 patients from Kochi prefecture, 24 (Group I) were positive for HPV DNA, including 10 for HPV type-16 and 14 for HPV type-18; in contrast, none were positive for HPV-31 or -33. Of the remaining 47 patients, 24 (Group II) showed positive nuclear staining in cancer cells with p53 antibody. The group of 23 patients with neither HPV nor p53 expression (Group III) had a significantly better survival rate than Group I or II. These results suggest that HPV-16 and -18 may play a role in the pathogenesis of esophageal SCC, particularly with regard to its striking geographical distribution; that esophageal cancers do occur in the absence of HPV infection when over-expression of p53 is present; and that the presence of HPV infection and over-expression of p53 may each be a factor indicating a relatively poor prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Absent chondrodysplasia punctata in a male with an Xp terminal deletion involving the putative region for CDPX1 locus.

This is a follow-up report on a male patient with a 46,Y,r(X) karyotype. Although he had no clinico-radiological features of X-linked recessive chondrodysplasia punctata (CDPX1), molecular studies revealed an Xp terminal deletion involving the putative region for the CDPX1 locus (PABX-DXS31). We suspect that the absence of CDPX1 may be attributable to the nature of the disease and the extreme short stature of the patient (mean -5.6 S.D.).

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1993

Ultra-high-resolution scanning electron microscopic studies on the membrane system of the parietal cells of the rat in the resting state and shortly after stimulation.

The three-dimensional organization of the membrane system of the rat parietal cells in the resting state and during early stimulation with tetragastrin (gastrin) was determined by ultra-high-resolution scanning electron microscopy. Specimens were prepared by cytoplasmic matrix removal using the aldehyde-osmium-DMSO-osmium procedure. The intracellular canaliculus was lined with numerous microvilli. Viewed from the cytoplasmic side, the intracellular canaliculi appeared as an arborized system of cactus-like structures with numerous round holes about 100 nm in diameter corresponding to the basal openings of the microvilli. The intracellular canaliculi were more developed after gastrin stimulation than in the resting state. In resting cells, most of the tubulovesicles were isolated, 100-200 nm in diameter, spherical or tubular in shape, and had a smooth surface. After gastrin stimulation, these structures were interconnected by slender tubules of about 30 nm in diameter forming together tubulovesicular network. Occasionally, swollen and shrunken profiles were observed. The tubulovesicular network was connected with the intracellular canaliculus only at a few sites by the slender connecting tubules. Fusion of the tubulovesicular network with the intracellular canaliculus is observed at such sites. In the fasted rat, the microvilli were slender and their interior was packed with some kind of ill-defined material, probably microfilaments. However, after gastrin stimulation, the microvilli were swollen and their interior was almost empty. These morphological changes seem to indicate the accumulation of fluid in the microvilli after gastrin stimulation, with subsequent swelling.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

A case of tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy due to chronic ectopic atrial tachycardia.

Only a few reports exist that chronic supraventricular tachycardia causes ventricular dilation and poor left ventricular contraction--so-called "tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy." Clinical and electrophysiologic features of chronic supraventricular tachycardia including chronic persistent ectopic atrial tachycardia (EAT) in adults have also been described by a few investigators. We report a rare case of long follow-up of chronic EAT-induced severe cardiomyopathy and mitral regurgitation that was well controlled after medical treatment.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1993

Sex chromosome aberrations and stature: deduction of the principal factors involved in the determination of adult height.

Although sex chromosome aberrations are frequently associated with statural changes, the underlying factors have not been clarified. To define the factors leading to the statural changes, we took the following three steps: (1) determination of the mean adult height in nonmosaic Caucasian patients with sex chromosome aberrations reported in the literature (assessment of genetic height potential); (2) assessment of the validity of factors that could influence stature; and (3) correlation of the mean adult height with the effects of specific growth-related factors. The results indicate that the adult height in patients with sex chromosome aberrations may primarily be defined by the dosage effect of pseudoautosomal and Y-specific growth genes, together with the degree of growth disadvantage caused by alteration of the quantity of euchromatic or non-inactivated region.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Cerebral cortical pathology of sporadic olivopontocerebellar atrophy.

We examined the cerebral cortices of six brains from patients with sporadic olivopontocerebellar atrophy (s-OPCA), five control brains including four from patients who had died without neurological disease, and one from a patient with Holmes-type cerebellar cortical atrophy. Distinct laminar astrocytosis of the motor cortices in the fifth layer were demonstrated in 4 of 6 s-OPCA cases and in none of the control cases by immunohistochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein. The astrocytosis localized in the primary motor cortex and its distribution pattern were clearly different from those of so-called glial cytoplasmic inclusion. This cortical astrocytosis appears to be characteristic of s-OPCA and may reflect the pathology of the primary motor cortex.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Clear cell carcinoma of the lung: a case report and review of the literature.

Clear cell carcinoma of the lung is an extremely rare type of lung cancer with doubtful etiology. This present case showed that the tumor cells contained abundant cytoplasmic glycogen with a diffusely distributed pattern and intracellular glandular structure electron microscopically. Immunohistochemical study revealed that the tumor cells expressed not only epithelial marker including cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen, but also Ley, one of stage-specific embryonic carbohydrate antigens. The diagnosis of pulmonary clear cell carcinoma should be done carefully, because benign clear cell tumor and secondary renal cell carcinoma show similarities in a histologic appearance but not in their management and prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell↗
PubMed1993

Steroid hormones protect spinal cord neurons from glutamate toxicity.

The effects of steroid hormones on glutamate neurotoxicity were examined in cultured spinal cord neurons. The extent of neuronal damage, produced by glutamate exposure for 15 min, was estimated based on the activity of lactate dehydrogenase released from degenerated neurons to the media during 24 h of post-exposure incubation. This damage was dependent on the glutamate concentrations used. The addition of dexamethasone, a synthetic steroid, in post-exposure media remarkably reduced the extent of damage in a dose-dependent manner. The half effective concentration for the steroid was approximately 0.7 microM, which was in the range of pharmacological concentration. Dexamethasone was effective even when it was added 2 h after glutamate exposure. Some endogenous steroid hormones--aldosterone, progesterone and testosterone--also showed similar neuroprotective effects. However, cholesterol, a precursor of these steroid hormones, had no effect on glutamate neurotoxicity. This direct protective effect on neurons against glutamate neurotoxicity may explain, at least partly, the mechanisms of beneficial effects of steroid hormones on in vivo spinal cord injury.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical analysis of cathepsin B expression in human lung adenocarcinoma: the role in cancer progression.

Production of cathepsin B by tumor cells has been linked to metastatic potential in several experimental models. Sections of 95 primary lung adenocarcinomas were examined for expression of cathepsin B using a standard avidin-biotin immunohistochemical technique. Staining for cathepsin B was observed in 22.1% of all cases and 28.0% of those of the Clara cell type. In Clara cell adenocarcinomas, cathepsin B expression correlated with positive lymph node status, presence of distant metastases, and poor prognosis (P < 0.05). However, no correlation with clinical outcome was observed in other cell types. Our data suggest that cathepsin B may be involved in invasion and metastasis in Clara cell lung adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Chromosome 7 suppresses indefinite division of nontumorigenic immortalized human fibroblast cell lines KMST-6 and SUSM-1.

Using nontumorigenic immortalized human cell lines KMST-6 (KMST) and SUSM-1 (SUSM), we attempted to identify the chromosome that carries a putative senescence-related gene(s). These cell lines are the only ones that have been established independently from normal human diploid fibroblasts following in vitro mutagenesis. We first examined restriction fragment length polymorphisms on each chromosome of these immortalized cell lines and their parental cell lines and found specific chromosomal alterations common to these cell lines (a loss of heterozygosity in KMST and a deletion in SUSM) on the long arm of chromosome 7. In addition to these, we also found that introduction of chromosome 7 into these cell lines by means of microcell fusion resulted in the cessation of cell division, giving rise to cells resembling cells in senescence. Introduction of other chromosomes, such as chromosomes 1 and 11, on which losses of heterozygosity were also detected in one of the cell lines (KMST), to either KMST or SUSM cells or of chromosome 7 to several tumor-derived cell lines had no effect on their division potential. These results strongly suggest that a gene(s) affecting limited-division potential or senescence of normal human fibroblasts is located on chromosome 7, probably at the long arm of the chromosome, representing the first case in which a specific chromosome reverses the immortal phenotype of otherwise normal human cell lines.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Chromosomal localisation of a gene(s) for Turner stigmata on Yp.

Although recent cytogenetic and molecular studies in patients with Turner stigmata are consistent with a gene(s) for Turner stigmata being present on both Xp and Yp, the precise location has not been determined. In this report, we describe a phenotypically female infant with Turner stigmata and a partial Yp deletion and review genotype-phenotype correlations of the putative Turner gene(s) in non-mosaic patients with Y chromosome rearrangements resulting from chromosomal breakage at Yp or Yc (pericentromeric region). The results indicate that the putative Turner gene(s) on Yp is located in the Y specific region from interval 1A1A to interval 2B. In addition, assessment of ZFX/ZFY and RPS4X/RPS4Y in the context of the Turner gene(s) suggests that ZFX/ZFY rather than RPS4X/RPS4Y could be a candidate gene for the Turner stigmata.

Chromosome Deletion↗
PubMed1993

Coexisting undifferentiated thymic carcinoma and thymic carcinoid tumor.

Thymic carcinoma is an unusual neoplasm, and the undifferentiated type is rare. Thymic carcinoid is also rare. This report describes a patient with coexisting undifferentiated thymic carcinoma and a carcinoid tumor. Both lesions were completely excised. The carcinoid cells showed argyrophilic granules by Grimelius' method and immunoreactivity against neuron-specific enolase, whereas the undifferentiated carcinoma cells were negative for argyrophilic stain and immunostaining against neuron-specific enolase.

Carcinoid Tumor↗
PubMed1993

Encapsulated type II pneumocyte adenoma: a case report and review of the literature.

An unusual benign lung neoplasm, a papillary adenoma of type II pneumocytes, was resected from a 26-year-old man who showed no clinical symptoms. The tumor was 2.0 cm in diameter and was localized in the subpleural region of S7 of the right lung; the cut surface showed a spherical medullary mass encapsulated by a thin layer of connective tissue. Histologically, there were cuboidal to columnar epithelial cells with a little nuclear atypia showing a monotonous papillary pattern with a delicate stroma in most parts of the tumor. There was neither capsular invasion nor metastasis of tumor cells. Nuclear DNA analysis of the tumor cells showed a diploid pattern and a low S-phase fraction. The immunohistochemical study revealed that most tumor cells contained a large amount of surfactant apoprotein in the cytoplasm. Osmiophilic lamellar bodies characteristic of type II pneumocytes were frequently found by electron microscopy. These findings indicate that this was a benign adenoma of the lung arising from type II pneumocytes.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1993

Report of a kindred with X-linked (or autosomal dominant sex-limited) 46,XY partial gonadal dysgenesis.

The condition termed 46,XY complete gonadal dysgenesis is characterized by the lack of testicular determination with resulting streak gonads, normal Mullerian structures, and female external genitalia. In the partial form, there is incomplete testicular determination with a wide range in the degree of ambiguous genitalia and sexual duct development. We evaluated a kindred in which a partial form of 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis occurred in four subjects from two generations. Pedigree analysis indicated an X-linked or possibly an autosomal sex-limited mode of inheritance. All affected subjects were ascertained because of ambiguous genitalia with minimal virilization. At 10 days of age, the proband had a subnormal plasma level of testosterone, and at 4 months, there was no rise in plasma T after stimulation with hCG. At laparotomy, a dysgenetic gonad was found on the right side, but no gonad was found on the left side. A vas deferens was present on the right, indicating the presence of functional Leydig cells early in fetal life. In the other affected subjects, gonadal tissue was also limited to one side of the abdomen and showed poorly developed seminiferous tubules. The sex-determining region Y gene, which encodes the testis-determining factor, was present and unaltered in the genomic DNA of all affected subjects. Duplication of the distal short arm of the X-chromosome has been associated with 46,XY complete gonadal dysgenesis in some patients. In our studies, Southern blot analysis revealed that sequences of the distal short arm of the X-chromosome (DXS9 to DXS84) were present in single copy, excluding a large duplication in this area of the X. Several kindreds with familial 46,XY complete gonadal dysgenesis have been reported; five of them had evidence of an X-linked mode of inheritance. Our study of a kindred with 46,XY partial gonadal dysgenesis further supports the role of an X chromosome gene in testicular determination. Evidence of some fetal Leydig cell function in the affected subjects of our report suggests that mutations of the putative X-chromosome gene can result in a partial as well as complete defect in testicular determination.

Blotting, Southern↗