Biomedical subjects

T Oda

Publications and source records attributed to T Oda.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed2001

[Clinical investigation of cefpirome for perinatal infection and infection prevention].

Effectiveness and safety of cefpirome (CPR) were studied in perinatal infection and prevention of postoperative infections. 1. Enrolled in the study of perinatal infections were the total 62 cases comprising 47 of chorioamnionitis, 10 of puerperal intrauterine infections, 1 of infectious abortion and 4 of others. The effective rate of CPR 2 g/day given in drip infusion was 61/62 (98.4%). In bacteriological studies, the bacterial elimination rate was 57/61 (93.4%). Unchanged and remained were 3 strains of Gram-positive bacteria and 1 strain of Bacteroides spp. 2. Enrolled in the study of prevention of postoperative infections during perinatal period were the total 88 cases comprising 74 who underwent cesarean section and 14 others. The effective rate of CPR 2 g/day given in drip infusion was 87/88 (98.9%). 3. With respect to subjective and objective adverse affects due to the agent, drug eruption was observed in 1/150 (0.7%). No abnormal result of clinical laboratory tests was found. The above results suggested the usefulness of CPR for treatment of perinatal infections and prevention of postoperative infections.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Recurrent angina due to high grade re-stenosis of the left subclavian artery after coronary artery bypass grafting in a patient on hemodialysis for chronic renal failure: report of a case].

A 49-year-old woman on hemodialysis for chronic renal failure was admitted to our hospital with chest pain. She had undergone quadruple coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) including a left internal thoracic to left anterior descending coronary artery anastomosis 9 months earlier. The blood flow through the left internal thoracic artery had decreased due to high grade stenosis at the proximal portion of the left subclavian artery, and recurrent angina had developed. She was treated by the placement of Palmaz biliary stents in the left subclavian artery, but re-stenosis occurred after 9 months, causing recurrent angina again. There fore, an operation was proposed and bypass grafting from the descending aorta to the left subclavian artery was successfully performed, resulting in complete resolution of her recurrent angina. This case serves to reinforce that patients on dialysis must be carefully followed up after CABG.

Angina Pectoris↗

PubMed2001

[Delayed traumatic diaphragmatic hernia diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging and direct coronal computed tomography: report of a case].

A 59-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with abdominal symptoms. A diagnosis of delayed traumatic diaphragmatic hernia was made from the findings of a plain X-ray film, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). We successfully performed repair of the diaphragm via abdominal approach. Thus, MRI and direct coronal CT can be very useful for establishing a diagnosis of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia.

Female↗

PubMed2000

Mechanism of superoxide anion generation in the toxic red tide phytoplankton Chattonella marina: possible involvement of NAD(P)H oxidase.

Red tide phytoplankton Chattonella marina is known to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O(2)(-)), hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and hydroxyl radical (&z.rad;OH), under normal physiological conditions. Although several lines of evidence suggest that ROS are involved in the mortality of fish exposed to C. marina, the mechanism of ROS generation in C. marina remains to be clarified. In this study, we found that the cell-free supernatant prepared from C. marina cells showed NAD(P)H-dependent O(2)(-) generation, and this response was inhibited by diphenyleneiodonium, an inhibitor of mammalian NADPH oxidase. When the cell-free supernatant of C. marina was analyzed by immunoblotting using antibody raised against the human neutrophil cytochrome b558 large subunit (gp91phox), a main band of approximately 110 kDa was detected. The cell surface localization of the epitope recognized with this antibody was also demonstrated in C. marina by indirect immunofluorescence. Furthermore, Southern blot analysis performed on genomic DNA of C. marina with a probe covering the C-terminal region of gp91phox suggested the presence of a single-copy gene coding for gp91phox homologous protein in C. marina. These results provide evidence for the involvement of an enzymatic system analogous to the neutrophil NADPH oxidase as a source of O(2)(-) production in C. marina.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2000

Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel type of histamine receptor preferentially expressed in leukocytes.

Recently cDNA encoding the histamine H3 receptor was isolated after 15 years of considerable research. However, several studies have proposed heterogeneity of the H3 receptor. We report here the molecular cloning and characterization of a novel type of histamine receptor. A novel orphan G-protein-coupled receptor named GPRv53 was obtained through a search of the human genomic DNA data base and analyzed by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). GPRv53 possessed the features of biologic amine receptors and had the highest homology with H3 receptor among known G-protein-coupled receptors. Mammalian cells expressing GPRv53 were demonstrated to bind and respond to histamine in a concentration-dependent manner. In functional assays, not only an H3 receptor agonist, R-(alpha)-methylhistamine, but also a H3 receptor antagonist, clobenpropit, and a neuroleptic, clozapine, activated GPRv53-expressing cells. Tissue distribution analysis revealed that expression of GPRv53 is localized in the peripheral blood leukocytes, spleen, thymus, and colon, which was totally different from the H3 receptor, whose expression was restricted to the brain. The discovery of the GPRv53 receptor will open a new phase of research on the physiological role of histamine.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2000

Deep venous thrombosis after posterior spinal surgery.

STUDY DESIGN: A prospective clinical study using venography to evaluate deep venous thrombosis after posterior spinal surgery. OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate the prevalence of deep venous thrombosis after posterior spinal surgery with no prophylaxis. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: There have been few studies about the occurrence of deep venous thrombosis after spinal surgery in which venography was used for screening. METHODS: Of the enrolled 134 patients undergoing posterior spinal surgery, 110 (82.1%) were examined with complete surveillance for deep venous thrombosis by venography. There were 64 males and 46 females. The average age at operation was 59.0 years (range, 14-86 years). The levels of the operation were cervical in 54, thoracic in 7, and lumbar in 49. All procedures were performed with patients under general anesthesia. Neither mechanical methods nor anticoagulation medications were used for prophylaxis against thromboembolism. Bilateral ascending venography was performed within 14 days after surgery. RESULTS: There were no patients with clinical signs of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. However, 17 patients (15.5%) showed venographic evidence of deep venous thrombosis, of whom 16 had distal thrombi, and only one had a proximal thrombus. Deep venous thrombosis was venographically evident in 3 (5.6%) of 54 patients who underwent cervical procedures, and it was evident in 13 (26.5%) of 49 patients who underwent lumbar procedures. This difference was statistical significant (chi2 test, P = 0.003). Statistical comparison between patients who did and did not have deep venous thrombosis showed that age was statistically significant (Mann-Whitney test; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of deep venous thrombosis after posterior spinal surgery is higher than generally recognized. Therefore, further study is necessary to clarify the appropriate method for screening and the effect of prophylaxis against thromboembolism after spinal surgery.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Repressor activity of Headless/Tcf3 is essential for vertebrate head formation.

The vertebrate organizer can induce a complete body axis when transplanted to the ventral side of a host embryo by virtue of its distinct head and trunk inducing properties. Wingless/Wnt antagonists secreted by the organizer have been identified as head inducers. Their ectopic expression can promote head formation, whereas ectopic activation of Wnt signalling during early gastrulation blocks head formation. These observations suggest that the ability of head inducers to inhibit Wnt signalling during formation of anterior structures is what distinguishes them from trunk inducers that permit the operation of posteriorizing Wnt signals. Here we describe the zebrafish headless (hdl) mutant and show that its severe head defects are due to a mutation in T-cell factor-3 (Tcf3), a member of the Tcf/Lef family. Loss of Tcf3 function in the hdl mutant reveals that hdl represses Wnt target genes. We provide genetic evidence that a component of the Wnt signalling pathway is essential in vertebrate head formation and patterning.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Epstein-Barr virus lacking glycoprotein gp85 cannot infect B cells and epithelial cells.

To evaluate whether the BXLF2 gene of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which codes gp85 protein, is essential for infection of B cells and epithelial cells, we analyzed the infectivity of an EBV recombinant lacking gp85. The cells that were infected with the BXLF2-disrupted virus were unable to express gp85 proteins that could be detected by mouse monoclonal antibody E1D1, specific for gp85/gp25 complexes. The BXLF2-disrupted EBV had the ability to attach to, but not infect, B cells. On the other hand, the same virus failed to bind to and infect NU-GC-3, a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line that is susceptible to EBV infection. The results indicate that the gp85 is used for infection of not only B cells but also epithelial cells and suggest that the gp85 is necessary for attaching the virus to epithelial cells.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Accuracy of atlantoaxial transarticular screw insertion.

STUDY DESIGN: The accuracy and safety of atlantoaxial transarticular screw insertion were evaluated in clinical cases. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the accuracy and safety of atlantoaxial transarticular screw insertion under lateral fluoroscopic monitoring without opening the joint. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Atlantoaxial transarticular screw fixation has been reported to be biomechanically superior to posterior atlantoaxial wiring techniques. Several clinical series have been reported in the literature. In some reports, the risk of screw insertion in this technique has been pointed out. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-six consecutive patients with atlantoaxial instability were treated by transarticular screw fixation. One hundred twelve screw insertions in these 56 patients were assessed by surgical record and computed tomographic examination. One screw could not be inserted because of the difficulty of adequate placement during operation; 111 screws were therefore inserted. Adequate position was defined as when the screw perforated the lateral atlantoaxial joint. RESULTS: In this series, neither vertebral artery injury nor spinal cord injury was experienced clinically. One guide wire was broken during drilling with a cannulated drill. Computed tomographic examination demonstrated that 106 screws perforated the atlantoaxial joint. Therefore, 95.5% of screws were adequately positioned. There were two screws positioned lateral to the joint, two medially, and one anteroinferiorly to the joint. CONCLUSIONS: Atlantoaxial transarticular screw insertion using image intensifier without opening the lateral joint was performed safely, but not accurately, in all cases.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

The effects of pedicle screw adjustments on neural spaces in burst fracture surgery.

STUDY DESIGN: An in vitro biomechanical study of experimental burst fractures and a pedicle screw device. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects that adjustments of a pedicle screw device have on the neural spaces of the burst fracture. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Decompression of the neural spaces is important for the recovery of neural function after a burst fracture. No studies, experimental or clinical, are available that have attempted to relate the pedicle screw device adjustments to the decompression of the neural spaces. METHODS: Burst fractures were produced at L1 vertebra in nine human lumbar spine specimens. Pedicle screw devices were attached to T12 and L2. Eight device adjustments, consisting of pure translations (distraction or compression), pure extension, and combinations of translation and extension were applied. The dimensional changes in the canal and the superior and inferior intervertebral foramens were measured. Functions of restoration and improvement were determined for the adjustments to evaluate the effects of each adjustment and to determine the optimal adjustment. Analysis of variance was used to find statistically significant differences, with significance set at P values less than 0.05. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed in the results of the eight adjustments. The most effective adjustments were the combination of 5-mm distraction with 6 degrees extension or 10-mm distraction alone. The worst adjustment was 5 mm of compression. CONCLUSIONS: Restoring compromised neural spaces in a patient with burst fracture is necessary. The choice of a device adjustment was found to be an important factor in the decompression of the neural spaces after the burst fracture. Combined distraction with extension and distraction alone were found to decompress the canal andintervertebral foramens maximally in a burst fracture.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Insulin sensitizer, troglitazone, directly inhibits aromatase activity in human ovarian granulosa cells.

Ovarian granulosa cells synthesize estrogens from androgens, which are catalyzed by aromatase cytochrome P450 (P450arom). Troglitazone (Tro), one of the insulin-sensitizing compounds, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), is a ligand for peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) and is effective in the treatment of both non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) as well as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PPARgamma exerts a transcriptional activity as a PPARgamma:RXR heterodimer. In this study, we investigated the effects of Tro and/or RXR ligand, LG100268 (LG) on the aromatase activity in cultured human ovarian granulosa cells obtained from patients who underwent in vitro fertilization. Human ovarian granulosa cells expressed PPARgamma mRNA assessed by RT-PCR. The treatment of the granulosa cells with Tro for 24 h resulted in a dramatic inhibition of the aromatase activity in a dose-dependent manner. While the treatment with LG alone also inhibited the aromatase activity, the combined treatment with both Tro and LG caused a much more reduction in the aromatase activity. The changes in the aromatase activity by Tro and/or LG were associated with comparable changes in P450arom mRNA assessed by RT-PCR. These results suggest that Tro directly inhibit the aromatase activity in human granulosa cells probably via nuclear receptor system PPARgamma:RXR heterodimer. The findings may provide a biochemical basis for the decrease in the blood concentrations of estrogens which is observed after the in vivo administration of Tro and may also possibly be useful as a novel therapy for estrogen-dependent diseases.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Calcium associated resistance to H(2)O(2) in Chinese hamster V79 cells.

To investigate whether the difference in cellular sensitivity of Chinese hamster V79 and their H(2)O(2)-resistant variant cells (Hpr-4) to H(2)O(2) relates to the difference in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration in these cells, we measured Ca(2+) concentration by calcium ion analysis after loading these cells with Fura-2/AM. Intracellular Ca(2+) concentration increased in both Chinese hamster V79 and Hpr-4 cells as extracellular Ca(2+) concentration increased. However, the increase in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration in response to extracellular H(2)O(2) was more pronounced in Hpr-4 than V79 cells. H(2)O(2) cytotoxicity of Hpr-4 but not V79 cells was also decreased in response to the increase in extracellular Ca(2+) concentration. In parallel with the decrease in cytotoxicity in response to increasing extracellular Ca(2+) concentration, the frequency of mitochondrial DNA single strand breaks (SSB) in Hpr-4 cells also decreased without producing observable nuclear DNA SSB. Use of permeabilized V79 and Hpr-4 cells exposed to H(2)O(2) showed that mitochondrial DNA SSB decreased when extramitochondrial Ca(2+) concentration increased. These findings indicate that elevated intracellular Ca(2+) concentration may protect against H(2)O(2)-induced mitochondrial damage and cytotoxicity in these cells.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Identification and characterization of human ZNF274 cDNA, which encodes a novel kruppel-type zinc-finger protein having nucleolar targeting ability.

A human cDNA encoding a novel zinc-finger protein, ZNF274, was identified by the "nuclear transportation trap" method (Ueki, N., Oda, T., Kondo, M., Yano, K., Noguchi, T., and Muramatsu, M., 1998, Nat. Biotechnol. 16: 1338-1342). Based on sequence analysis of the full-length cDNA, this novel gene has two alternative splicing forms, ZNF274a and ZNF274b, which encode putative proteins of 621 and 584 amino acids, respectively. ZNF274a contains five C2H2-type zinc-finger motifs, two KRAB-A (Kruppel-associated box) domains, and one leucine-rich domain. ZNF274b lacks the first KRAB-A domain at the N-terminus. ZNF274 mRNA is detected in various human tissues by Northern analysis. The ZNF274 gene is mapped distal to marker RP S28 1 in the human chromosome 19qter region, by RH mapping. The KRAB domains of ZNF274 exhibited transcription repressor activity when tested in GAL4 fusion protein assays. EGFP-ZNF274 fusion protein expressed in COS7 cells predominantly localized to the nucleoli. A series of deletion constructs revealed that a minimal domain consisting of the third and fourth zinc-fingers possesses nucleolar targeting ability. These results suggest that ZNF274 is a ubiquitous transcription repressor that plays a role in the nucleoli.

Alternative Splicing↗

PubMed2000

Identification of a larger than 3 Mb deletion including JAG1 in an Alagille syndrome patient with a translocation t(3;20)(q13.3;p12.2).

Alagille syndrome (AGS) is an autosomal dominant, developmental disorder affecting multiple organ systems including liver, heart, vertebrae, eye and face. Recurrent deletions of the 20p12 region led to the localization, and ultimately to the identification of mutations in the Jagged1 gene (JAG1) in AGS patients. A translocation t(3;20)(q13.3;p12.2) in an AGS patient was characterized using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). The involvement of 3q and 20p in this translocation was demonstrated using probes for 3q and 20p. Three overlapping YAC clones, 940D11, 953A2, and 675G11 extending to nearly 4 Mb including the JAG1 were used as probes for FISH analysis to define the translocation breakpoint. The translocated chromosome was found to have a deletion of more than 3 Mb including the entire JAG1 gene. The observation of an accompanying large deletion, revealed by molecular characterization of the t(3;20) translocation, is similar to the only other translocation reported in an AGS patient; a t(2;20) translocation was also found to have a large deletion of the JAG1 region at 20p12.

Alagille Syndrome↗

PubMed2000

Negative MRI findings with invasive cervical biopsy may indicate stage IA cervical carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: We attempted to prospectively determine the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in very early cervical cancer. STUDY DESIGN: T2-weighted and T1-dynamic enhanced images from patients with invasive or noninvasive lesions of the cervix were reviewed by two radiologists who had no clinical information on these patients. At least 12 longitudinal sections prepared from the surgically removed cervix were reviewed by a pathologist. The correlation between MRI and histological findings was analyzed in terms of depth of invasion. RESULTS: Seventy-nine cases were entered into the study and 75 were evaluable. Accuracy of T2 MR images for invasive and noninvasive disease by Radiologist 1 and Radiologist 2 was 0.8533 and 0.7733, respectively. Accuracy was greater (0.9867 and 0.9467, respectively) for the detection of noninvasive plus microinvasive lesions </=5 mm vs invasive lesions >5 mm. Dynamic technique provided only limited additional value in the detection of microinvasive cervical carcinoma. CONCLUSION: Simple T2 MRI is useful in differentiating noninvasive or microinvasive cervical lesions from invasive cervical carcinoma of the cervix >5 mm.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Isolation, characterization, expression and functional analysis of the zebrafish ortholog of MEN1.

Mutations in the MEN1 gene lead to an autosomal dominant disorder, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), which is characterized by tumors of the parathyroid, entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine, and pituitary tissues. The protein encoded by MEN1, 610-amino acid menin, resides primarily in the nucleus and binds to the transcription factor JunD, resulting in the repression of JunD-induced transcription. We report here a detailed characterization of the zebrafish men1 gene and its full-length (2551 nt) transcript, encoding a 617-amino acid protein with 67% identity and 80% similarity to human menin. Of the 81 missense mutations and in-frame deletions reported in MEN1 patients, 72 occur in residues that are identical in zebrafish, suggesting the importance of the conserved regions. The zebrafish men1 gene maps 61 cM from the top of linkage group 7 (LG7), a region that appears to show conserved synteny to the MEN1 loci at human 11q13. A 2.7-kb men1 message is detected at all stages of zebrafish development analyzed, from one-cell embryos to adult fish. Whole-mount in situ hybridization showed ubiquitous distribution of men1 message in zebrafish embryos at cleavage, blastula, gastrula, and early segmentation stages, with relatively abundant expression in blood cell progenitors (24 h post fertilization) and mesenchymal tissues (48 h post fertilization) at later stages. Zebrafish menin binds both human and mouse JunD, and represses JunD-induced transcription, indicating that the JunD-binding ability of menin is evolutionarily conserved.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2000

Aggregate formation and degradation of overexpressed wild-type and mutant urate oxidase proteins. Quality control of organelle-destined proteins by the endoplasmic reticulum.

To analyze the cellular response caused by the overexpression of proteins in subcellular compartments, we constructed four expression clones encoding wild-type peroxisomal urate oxidase (UO), truncated UO lacking the peroxisomal targeting signal (UOdC), and chimeric UOs with a mitochondrial targeting signal (MTS) at the N-terminus of UOdC (MUOdC) or UO (MUO). After transfection, we examined COS-1 and HEK293 cells by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and pulse-chase experiments. The overexpressed UO and UOdC formed large electron-dense aggregates with no limiting membrane in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. The UO aggregates exhibited the crystalloid structure quite similar to that of rat liver peroxisomal cores, whereas the UOdC aggregates formed a loose mass consisting of small dense substructures. The overexpressed MUOdC and MUO, on the other hand, formed other types of aggregates which were distributed in the cytoplasm. They consisted of tubular and circular membrane structures, which were morphologically confirmed to be derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). No immunolabeling signals for MUOdC and MUO were present free in the cytoplasm and most of them were associated with membrane structures, suggesting that overexpressed UO containing the MTS attached to the ER membranes soon after synthesis and segregated from the cytosolic compartment. All the UO aggregates were stained for ubiquitin antigen. Pulse-chase experiments in combination with proteasome inhibitors suggested that proteasomes did not contribute to the degradation of these products.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Distal pancreatectomy with resection of the celiac axis and reconstruction of the hepatic artery for carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas.

Distal pancreatectomy with resection of the celiac axis can increase resectability of carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas. We performed reconstruction of the hepatic artery to avoid complications caused by a decrease in hepatic arterial flow. We carried out distal pancreatectomy with resection of the celiac axis for carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas in four patients. When pulsation in the proper hepatic artery was weak after occlusion of the celiac axis, we performed reconstruction of the hepatic artery, using the splenic artery, which had been taken beforehand from the resected specimen. In two patients, we performed reconstruction of the hepatic artery. These two patients underwent reconstruction of the portal vein combined with prolonged clamping of the portal vein. Levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were elevated just after the operation, but recovered to normal levels within 10 days. No complications related to hepatic ischemia were observed. These results suggested that reconstruction of the hepatic artery allowed us to safely perform distal pancreatectomy with resection of the celiac axis for carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas.

Aged↗