Biomedical subjects
T Oda
Publications and source records attributed to T Oda.
Comparative study of hormonal dynamics in pregnant and nonpregnant cycles during pulsatile subcutaneous administration of human menopausal gonadotropin in anovulatory infertile women.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical relevance of daily hormonal changes for achieving a successful pregnancy in anovulatory infertile women. DESIGN: A comparative study of hormonal dynamics in pregnant and nonpregnant cycles during the pulsatile subcutaneous administration of hMG. Subjects received subcutaneous injection of either 9.375 IU or 14.0625 IU of hMG diluted in 50-microL physiological saline (total daily dose, 150 or 225 IU) at 90-minute intervals by means of a portable peristaltic pump. SETTING: Kyorin University Hospital and Ichikawa General Hospital. PATIENTS: We analyzed 18 pregnant and 42 nonpregnant cycles in 17 patients with secondary hypothalamic/pituitary amenorrhea who conceived after receiving pulsatile hMG treatment. Another 14 women with normal spontaneous ovulation, including 14 pregnant and 15 nonpregnant cycles, served as controls. MEASUREMENTS: Serum concentrations of LH, FSH, E2, and P were measured, and the P:E2 ratio was determined. RESULTS: Serum concentrations of LH and FSH did not differ significantly between the pregnant and nonpregnant cycles. Serum levels of P and E2 were significantly higher during the hMG treatments than those of the spontaneous ovulatory cycles throughout the follicular and luteal phases. Up to the midluteal phase, the P and E2 values in the nonpregnant cycles during the hMG treatments did not differ significantly from those in the pregnant cycles. The P:E2 ratios were comparable between the pulsatile stimulatory cycles and the normal spontaneous ovulatory cycles. However, the P:E2 ratio in the early and midluteal phases was significantly greater in the pregnant cycles than in the nonpregnant cycles. CONCLUSION: The P:E2 ratio in the early and midluteal phases is a more important indicator of hormonal function for implantation than the absolute levels of either P or E2.
Effects of rice bran hemicellulose on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced intestinal carcinogenesis in Fischer 344 rats.
The effect of rice bran hemicellulose (RBH) on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine- (DMH) induced intestinal carcinogenesis was studied in male Fischer 344 rats. Rats were fed a basal control diet or a diet containing 2% or 4% RBH at five weeks of age. At 6 weeks of age, all animals were given an intraperitoneal injection of DMH (20 mg/kg body wt) at weekly intervals for 20 weeks and autopsied 7 weeks after the last injection. The incidence of DMH-induced colon tumors was significantly lower in rats fed the 4% RBH diet than in rats fed the basal control diet (p < 0.05). The number of colon tumors per rat was also significantly lower in rats fed the 4% RBH diet than in rats fed the basal control diet (p < 0.05). The present study suggested that the water-soluble RBH played a preventive role in DMH-induced large bowel carcinogenesis in Fischer 344 rats.
[Epidemiology of sporadic pediatric enteritis patients due to verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli].
We tried to isolate verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) from 323 sporadic pediatric enteritis patients who came to three clinics in the Fukuoka area. We used the sorbitol-MacConkey medium for the isolation of VTEC O157:H7. For non-O157 VTEC strains we used the V1/PECS method. VT/PECS method was applied. VTEC strains were isolated from three patients (0.9%). None of the patients were seriously, ill or developed the hemolytic uremic syndrome. The three patients were all seen in the summer season, July and August. O157:H7 strains were isolated from two patients, and O145:NM from one. This study showed that sporadic enteritis cases due to VTEC exist in the Fukuoka area. In the future a rapid and easy method for the detection of VT or VTEC should be developed and commercialized to proceed with epidemiological studies of VTEC infections throughout Japan.
Locally produced angiotensin II induces ovulation by stimulating prostaglandin production in in vitro perfused rabbit ovaries.
The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of exogenous and endogenous angiotensin II (Ang II) in ovarian steroidogenesis and production of prostaglandin (PG) in in vitro perfused rabbit ovaries. The addition of 100 or 10 micrograms Ang II at 2-h intervals to the perfusate did not stimulate progesterone production, but significantly stimulated estradiol (E2) production by perfused rabbit ovaries. When the specific antagonist of Ang II, saralasin at 2 x 10(-6) M, was added to the perfusate 30 min before the onset of Ang II administration, Ang II-stimulated production of E2 was significantly blocked. Ang II also significantly stimulated both PGE2 and PGF2 alpha production, while the addition of saralasin to the perfusate significantly inhibited the Ang II-stimulated production of PG. The levels of PGs in ovaries perfused with saralasin plus 100 micrograms Ang II did not differ significantly from those in control ovaries perfused with medium alone. Exposure to human CG (hCG) significantly stimulated production of progesterone and E2 by perfused rabbit ovaries, while the concomitant administration of 2 x 10(-6) M saralasin significantly reduced only E2 production. Addition of saralasin to the perfusate inhibited hCG-stimulated PG production in a dose-dependent manner. The ovulatory efficiency in ovaries treated with hCG alone or hCG plus saralasin was significantly correlated with PG production by perfused rabbit ovaries at 12 h after exposure to hCG. The production of PG stimulated by Ang II was completely reduced by indomethacin treatment during the entire perfusion period. Indomethacin completely blocked Ang II-induced ovulation, but not Ang II-stimulated oocyte maturation. Concurrent administration of staurosporine, a protein kinase C inhibitor, at 10(-6) M significantly inhibited Ang II-stimulated meiotic maturation of ovulated ova and follicular oocytes. In conclusion, these results indicate that Ang II has a direct role in ovarian production of E2 and PG. An intrinsic renin-angiotensin system in the rabbit ovary may act as an intermediary of gonadotropin-stimulated PG production. Locally produced Ang II may induce ovulation in the rabbit ovary, at least in part, by stimulating PG production.
Inhibition of DNA topoisomerase I activity by diethylstilbestrol and its analogues.
Diethylstilbestrol and its derivatives were tested to determine their inhibitory effects on the relaxation activity of DNA topoisomerase I using cell lysates from Chinese hamster V79 cells. Among the derivatives investigated, (+/-)-indenestrol B, (+/-)-IB, showed the strongest inhibitory effect.
Effects of soluble and insoluble fiber preparations isolated from oat, barley, and wheat on liver cholesterol accumulation in cholesterol-fed rats.
Effects of soluble and insoluble fiber preparations isolated from defatted oat, barley, and wheat on liver cholesterol accumulation were examined in cholesterol-fed rats. The soluble and insoluble fiber preparations were isolated by a modification of the procedure of Asp et al. Male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 5 weeks, were fed a control diet containing 5% cellulose or diets containing soluble and insoluble fiber preparations for 9 days. Soluble fiber preparations from oat, barley, and wheat were added to diets corresponding to 1.9, 2.8, and 0.6% fiber, respectively. Insoluble fiber preparations from oat, barley, and wheat were added to diets corresponding to 3.1, 2.2, and 4.4% fiber, respectively. All of the soluble fiber preparations suppressed liver cholesterol accumulation, but they did not suppress the elevation of plasma cholesterol concentrations. A significant inverse relationship between the quantity of ingested soluble fiber and liver cholesterol accumulation was observed; n = 28, r = -0.943, p < 0.0001. None of the insoluble fiber preparations had any significant effect on liver and plasma cholesterol concentrations. These results indicate that the water-soluble fractions of oat, barley, and wheat are the active components that suppressed liver cholesterol accumulation, and that these effects are related to the quantity of ingested soluble fiber.
[A family with Menzel's disease showing dementia and various extrapyramidal symptoms].
UNLABELLED: Recent progress in neurology has revealed that hereditary olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy (OPCA) is in fact three different diseases. These are Menzel's disease, in which degeneration in the olivopontocerebellar (OPC) system is quite severe and similar to that of the patient described by Menzel in 1891, spinocerebellar ataxia 1 (SCA 1), in which the gene locus exists in the short arm of chromosome 6, and hereditary OPCA with retinal degeneration. We present a family with Menzel's disease, some of whom showed dementia and various extrapyramidal symptoms including tremor, myoclonus, and choreoathetoid involuntary movement. MATERIALS: This dominant hereditary cerebellar ataxia family had five affected members in four generations. Neuropathological examination of one member (Case 3) revealed Menzel's disease. There was severe degeneration in the OPC system, the substantia nigra, Clarke's column, the posterior column, and the anterior horn of the spinal cord, and slight-to-moderate degeneration in the globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus. However, the dentate nucleus, spinocerebellar tracts, and oculomotor nucleus including the medial longitudinal fasciculus were spared. The brain weight was 990 g. Case 1 (Case 3's grandmother) developed slowly progressive ataxia at the age of 55. She showed no involuntary movement or dementia. She died at 63 years of age. Case 2 (Case 3's mother) developed ataxia at 42 years of age, followed by tremor of the hands and head, and died at age 57. She did not show dementia. Case 3 (the autopsied case) developed progressive ataxia at 27 years of age, followed by mental deterioration, tremor, myoclonus, and generalized amyotrophy and sensory disturbance during her fifth decade.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Interplay between differentiation and cell cycle arrest at G1 in phorbol diester-treated human myelocytic leukemia cells.
The cell cycle arrest at G1 of myelocytic leukemia cells by incubation with phorbol diesters was examined in HL-60 cells and more mature THP-1 cells. We found: (1) induction of phenotypic parameters of differentiation prior to G1 arrest; (2) a long induction period in HL-60 cells compared to zero in THP-1 cells; and (3) strong inhibition of G1 arrest with a protein kinase C inhibitor in THP-1 cells. We conclude, from these lines of evidence and some additional information, that differentiation induces G1 arrest. At present, the most plausible causative molecule is Mac-1.
[A clinical study on the efficacy of ceftazidime alone or in combination with aspoxicillin against infections in obstetric and gynecological patients].
We studied clinical effects of ceftazidime (CAZ) alone or in combination with aspoxicillin (ASPC) against various infections in obstetric and gynecological patients. 1. Obstetric and gynecological patients (n = 91) with various infectious diseases were treated with CAZ alone (1-2 g x 2/day, n = 54) or in combination with ASPC (1-2 g x 2/day, n = 37) administered via drip infusion. 2. CAZ alone or in combination with ASPC was efficacious in 50 out of 54 (92.6%) or 33 out of 36 (91.7%) patients, respectively. Overall, the efficacy ratios were 46/49 (93.9%) against gynecological infections, 21/25 (84.0%) against perinatal infections and 16/16 (100%) against other infections. The bacteriological efficacy ratio was 21/21 (100%) while clinical effectiveness in cases in which causative agents were known was observed in 20 out of 21 (95.2%) patients. In patients who had not respond to other treatments, CAZ alone, and in combination with ASPC were effective in 15 out of 16 (93.8%) and 6 out of 8 (75.0%) patients, respectively, hence the overall efficacy ratio was 21/24 (87.5%). 3. Abnormal values in clinical laboratory tests were obtained in 3 out of 91 (3.3%) patients. No other adverse side effects were observed in any of the patients.
ANCA associated vasculitis allergica cutis (VAC) and mild proliferative necrotizing glomerulonephritis.
We report here the case of a 69-year-old male with vasculitis allergica cutis (VAC) accompanied by a nephrotic syndrome associated with serum perinuclear-staining anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (P-ANCA). Renal biopsy specimens showed mild proliferative glomerulonephritis with crescentic and necrotizing lesion in the glomeruli, while lesional skin biopsy specimens showed leukocytoclastic vasculitis in the deep dermis. Pauci-immune deposits were evident (deposits of immunoglobulins and complements were absent) by immunofluorescence microscopy in both tissues. The appearance of weakly positive P-ANCA associated with skin lesions and renal dysfunction occurred twice in this patient. Following corticosteroid administration, renal dysfunction was remarkably diminished and proteinuria decreased. P-ANCA titer were decreased, reaching the normal level. ANCA associated glomerulonephritis complicated by VAC has not been reported previously. In the present case, the vasculitis cutis and glomerulonephritis is assumed to be associated with the appearance of weakly positive P-ANCA.
[Hypercapnea during facial surgery under local anesthesia].
We examined the ventilation of patients whose faces were draped during facial surgery under local anesthesia. Ten patients who underwent eye surgery received hydroxyzine 25 mg and pentazocine 15 mg i.m. before local anesthesia. Arterial blood samples and end-tidal respiratory gases from nasal cannulae were collected at the following selected times: before draping their faces, 10 min, 30 min, 60 min after draping, and after the drapes were removed. Both arterial carbon dioxide tension (42 +/- 1 mmHg before draping and 46 +/- 1 mmHg at 10 min) and end-tidal carbon dioxide tension (33 +/- 2 mmHg before draping and 36 +/- 1 mmHg at 10 min) were elevated significantly after their faces were draped. Hypercapnea was completely eliminated by suctioning the expired gases. It is concluded that hypercapnea is inevitable during face or neck surgery under local anesthesia, and that the expired gases should be monitored and removed.
[Anesthesia for pneumonectomy in a patient with an amphetamine psychosis].
We report a 50 year old male patient with an amphetamine psychosis who had anesthesia for a pneumonectomy. The patient had been intoxicated with methylamphetamine since 1976. After drug abuse for 2 years, he suffered from hallucination and delusion. He was diagnosed to have amphetamine psychosis by psychiatrists and treated with major tranquilizers. During the treatment for the psychosis, a squamous cell carcinoma in the lung was found. Pneumonectomy was scheduled. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental 300 mg and maintained with isoflurane, nitrous oxide, oxygen and epidural lidocaine. In the recovery room, he was injected with a major tranquilizer. Epidural buprenorphine was used to lighten the pain stress. Psychotic state did not appear after the surgery. We also discuss amphetamine psychosis in Japan.
[Some problems on the clinical phenotype of Machado-Joseph disease in relation between their ages at onset].
UNLABELLED: This study proposed that three phenotypes of Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) are closely related to the patients' ages at onset. MATERIALS: Six patients from two families. Autopsy performed in three of them (case 2, 4, 5). Two patients are a father (case 4) and his son (case 5). RESULTS: 1. Clinical features. All cases showed cerebellar ataxia and nystagmus. Progressive nuclear oculomotor palsy was common except for one case who killed himself in the early clinical stage. Pyramidal symptom which is increased deep tendon reflexes, spasticity, and extesor plantar response was common for three patients (case 3, 5, 6) whose ages of onset are under 40 years. One case (case 5) developed dystonia of foot at the age of ten and he developed the symptom of type 1 of MJD. However, the other three patients (case 1, 2, 4) who developed ataxia after the middle of the fifth decade showed hypotonia and decreased or absence of deep tendon reflexes from the beginning. The latter did not revealed spasticity or dystonia. Their clinical symptoms were identical with the type 3 of MJD. In spite of ages at onset, they showed general muscular atrophy and sensory disturbance in the advanced clinical course. 2. Neuropathological findings. 1) cerebellar system: Severe degeneration in the spinocerebellar system and mild to moderate one in the pontocerebellar system and dentate nuclei. The inferior olivary nucleus and the cerebellar cortex were almost preserved. 2) extrapyramidal system: Moderate to severe degeneration in the substantia nigra, globus pallidus (prominent in the internal segment) and subthalamic nucleus. 3) Degeneration in the oculomotor nuclei, motor neurons in the anterior horn and dorsal column of the spinal cord. CONCLUSION: These clinico-pathological findings indicate the difference of clinical phenotype is not always reflected those of neuropathological findings. The review of our experience and the literature suggests that the clinical features of MJD symptoms are related to the patients' ages at onset and clinical progression of the disease. When the disease begins before the age of ten, dystonia is an initial symptom, followed by pyramidal symptoms and cerebellar ataxia (type 1). In the early adult cases, the onset in which is earlier than forty, cerebellar ataxia and pyramidal symptoms are the initial symptoms, followed by extrapyramidal symptoms such as dystonia or choreoathetoid movements or both (type 2). In both instances however, decreased DTRs, muscular atrophy and sensory disturbance are common clinical manifestations at the advanced clinical stage. In late adult MJD cases with the age at onset after forty, the initial symptom is progressive cerebellar ataxia with hypotonia, followed by muscular atrophy and sensory disturbance (type 3). In spite of a marked degeneration in the extrapyramidal system, few or no extrapyramidal symptoms are detected in the last cases.
[Clinical evaluation of flomoxef in the treatment of chorioamnionitis and changes in the fetal fibronectin level in vaginal secretion].
Flomoxef (FMOX) was administered as an initial treatment for chorioamnionitis complicating possible spontaneous abortion or premature delivery and preterm PROM (premature rupture of the membranes), and the clinical effectiveness of the drug, and the usefulness of fetal fibronectin (FFN) as a diagnostic marker of premature delivery were evaluated. 1. Clinical effects of drip infusion of FMOX (2-4 g/day) with and without tocolysis for the treatment of chorioamnionitis were evaluated in 43 patients with possible spontaneous abortion or premature delivery and those with preterm PROM (n = 43). Changes in the FFN level in the vaginal secretion were also studied in 11 patients. 2. It was possible to prevent premature delivery in 7 (26.9%) of 26 patients, and the latent period of preterm PROM was longer than 8 days in 6 (46.2%) of 13 patients. 3. The FFN level decreased slightly in patients for whom FMOX was effective, and the outcome was satisfactory in those whose FFN levels were less than 200 ng/ml. However, the outcome was poor in those whose FFN levels were higher than 1,000 ng/ml. These findings suggest that changes in the FFN level in the vaginal secretion reflect the clinical course of chorioamnionitis as do changes in CRP.
Nonisotopic gel-mobility shift assay using chemiluminescent detection system.
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Skeletal muscle-powered ventricle. Effects of size and configuration on ventricular function.
The optimal size and configuration of skeletal muscle-powered ventricles are still undetermined. This study was aimed at comparing three types of skeletal muscle-powered ventricle: (A) a small size (15 ml capacity) double-layered pump, (B) a small size (15 ml capacity) single-layered pump, and (C) a large size (40 to 60 ml capacity) single-layered pump constructed sequentially with the same untrained latissimus dorsi muscle of 12 mongrel dogs. The skeletal muscle-powered ventricle was connected to a mock circulation system, the stroke volumes against 40 to 160 mm Hg of afterload at 5 to 60 mm Hg of preload were measured, and the stroke work was computer analyzed on line. Raising the preload from 5 to 60 mm Hg increased the peak isovolumic developed pressure (A) from 91.3 +/- 11.0 to 215.6 +/- 26.1 mm Hg, (B) from 92.8 +/- 12.0 to 166.3 +/- 19.0 mm Hg, and (C) from 32.3 +/- 5.2 to 121.4 +/- 15.5 mm Hg (p < 0.05, C versus A and B). Similarly, the stroke volume (stroke work) against an afterload of 120 mm Hg increased (A) from 3.8 +/- 0.5 ml (0.22 +/- 0.04 x 10(6) ergs) to 14.5 +/- 1.1 ml (1.05 +/- 0.11 x 10(6) ergs), (B) from 4.5 +/- 0.7 ml (0.30 +/- 0.08 x 10(6) ergs) to 10.7 +/- 0.9 ml (0.63 +/- 0.08 x 10(6) ergs), and (C) from 1.8 +/- 0.5 ml (0.09 +/- 0.04 x 10(6) ergs) to 24.0 +/- 3.6 ml (1.94 +/- 0.41 x 10(6) ergs) (p < 0.05, C versus B at 5 mm Hg of preload; p < 0.05, C versus A and B at preloads > or = 30 mm Hg). At low preloads (5 to 15 mm Hg) both small pumps generated a significantly larger stroke volume (stroke work) than the large pump, whereas at high preloads (> or = 30 mm Hg) the large pump generated a significantly larger stroke volume (stroke work) than the small pumps. It is concluded that under physiologic preload, B (small single-layered pump) performs better than or at least as well as A (small double-layered pump) and C (large single-layered pump), despite being constructed with only one half of the muscle mass used for either A or C.