Biomedical subjects

T Noguchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Noguchi.

1,251 records · Page 70Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of cancer arising from Barrett's esophagus.

In Japan, Barrett's esophageal cancer is a very rare disease. We examined clinicopathologically and immunohistologically 4 patients with Barrett's esophageal cancer who underwent surgical resection in our department. Barrett's esophageal mucosa was classified into 3 types for detailed observation. Specialized columnar epithelium (SCE) remained on the orifice side of carcinoma, and progression to adenocarcinoma was observed in some dysplastic glands. positive findings were detected on p53 immunohistochemical staining, and the ki-67 labeling index was higher than other types. SCE-type Barrett's esophagus may be a precancerous lesion arising prior to the development of adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Immunohistochemical study of leukocyte infiltration and expression of hsp70 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

It is reported that macrophages and CD4+ or CD8+ cytotoxic T cells have an important role in the suppression of cancer progression. The aim of this study was to clarify these immune responses in patients with esophageal cancer. We enrolled 28 patients with pT2 esophageal cancer that had been resected without preoperative adjuvant therapy. The correlations between the numbers of infiltrating CD4+, CD8+ and CD68+ cells, the expression of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) and a variety of clinicopathologic factors were analyzed. The numbers of CD8+ T cells and CD68+ macrophages showed a significant positive correlation with tumor diameter (p = 0.01, p = 0.037) and the expression of hsp70 (p = 0.01, p = 0.02) and a negative correlation with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0079, p < 0.0001). The expression of hsp70 exhibited a negative correlation with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.023). CD8+ T cells and CD68+ macrophages might have a suppressive function against esophageal cancer progression. Our results suggested that hsp70 might play an important role in the presentation of tumor specific antigens.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic value of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1 in gastric cancer.

In the present study, the expression and prognostic role of p27 were immunohistochemically investigated in 413 curatively resected gastric carcinomas. Strong p27 expression in more than 50% of the tumour cells could be detected in 57.4% (n = 237) whereas 42.6% of the tumours (n = 176) only showed p27 expression in less than 50% of the tumour cells. No significant correlation could be observed between p27 expression and the prognostic parameters pT category, pN category, blood and lymphatic vessel invasion as well as with tumour histology. Concerning other cell cycle associated proteins, p27 expression was inversely correlated with p21 expression, however, there was no correlation either with cyclin D1 and cyclin E or with expression of p53, bcl-2 and tumour cell proliferation. Univariate survival analysis revealed a poorer prognostic outcome for patients with tumours expressing p27 in more than 50% of the tumour cells (p < 0.049). However, by multivariate analysis, this prognostic influence of p27 could not be verified as independent from the known prognostic parameters of the pTNM-system (p < 0.325). The present data on 413 curatively resected gastric carcinomas suggest, that expression of p27, analyzed alone or in combination with multiple cell cycle regulatory proteins, has no prognostic value in gastric cancer.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Determination of domoic acid in Japanese mussels by enzyme immunoassay.

Ten samples of commercial blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) from Japan were analyzed for domoic acid by an indirect competitive enzyme immunoassay (idc-EIA) based on an anti-domoic acid monoclonal antibody. Domoic acid was found in all samples at low concentrations (0.11-1.81 ng/g mussel tissue). The presence of domoic acid was confirmed by liquid chromatography coupled with immunoaffinity chromatography using an anti-domoic acid monoclonal antibody as ligand. To our knowledge, this is the first reported detection of domoic acid, a causative agent of amnesic shellfish poisoning, in Japanese mussels.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of human herpesvirus-6 encephalopathy after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in adults.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6)-associated encephalopathy tends to develop in immunocompromised patients. Neurologic symptoms, such as disorientation, short-term memory loss, convulsion, coma, and hypopnea could occur, but they may be nonspecific. We retrospectively reviewed MR images of 6 adults with HHV-6-associated encephalopathy to study characteristic imaging findings that could be useful in making the diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2003 and 2005, we encountered 6 cases of HHV-6-associated encephalopathy (3 men and 3 women; age range, 36-55 years) in 3 hospitals. The diagnosis was made clinically according to the neurologic symptoms accompanied by high-level copies of HHV-6 DNA in CSF or peripheral blood by quantitative polymerase chain reaction without the detection of any other infectious pathogen. RESULTS: All 6 patients had abnormal hippocampus/amygdala findings on presentation, and no other regions were involved. In the early period (0-2 days from onset), abnormal high signal intensity on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging (2 of 3, 67%) and on diffusion-weighted images accompanied by apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) reduction (2 of 2, 100%) were observed. In the middle period (3-30 days), abnormal low signal intensity on T1-weighted images (5 of 6, 83%) and abnormal high signal intensity on T2-weighted images (4 of 6, 67%) and FLAIR (5 of 6, 83%) were confirmed. In the late period (> 30 days), we saw the resolution of signal intensity abnormalities and the appearance of atrophic change (4 of 4, 100%) of the affected regions. CONCLUSION: HHV-6-associated encephalopathy in adults tends to affect the mesial temporal lobe. MR imaging is useful for detecting HHV-6 encephalopathy and distinguishing it from the other diseases of the central nervous system in immunocompromised patients.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Physiologically based pharmacokinetics of a new penem, SUN5555, for evaluation of in vivo efficacy.

SUN5555, (5R,6S)-6-[(R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-7-oxo-3-[(R)-2- tetrahydrofuryl]-4-thia-1-azabicyclo-[3.2.0]-hept-2-ene-carboxylic acid, is a newly developed and orally effective penem with a broad antibacterial spectrum. SUN5555 was degraded in rat tissue homogenates and serum, and its degradations in the kidney and lung homogenates were significantly inhibited by cilastatin, an inhibitor of dehydropeptidase I. The pulmonary extraction was evaluated to be 0.033 by comparing the AUCs resulting from iv and intra-arterial administration of 10 mg/kg. From the arterial-to-venous concentration differences under steady state conditions in rats, extraction ratios of SUN5555 across the kidney, hind leg, gut, and liver were determined to be 0.333, 0.104, 0.071 and 0.053, respectively, whereas no appreciable extraction across the brain was observed. Therefore, organ clearances of SUN5555 are limited by the product of plasma unbound fraction and organ intrinsic clearances in various tissues. Using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model, unbound concentrations of SUN5555 in the tissue interstitial fluids, which are the measure of in vivo antibacterial efficacy, were estimated to be almost identical with, or higher than, those in plasma in rats. Similarly, serum concentration-time profiles of SUN5555 after iv administration in other animal species were predicted and found to be in good agreement with the observed data in dogs. A preliminary prediction of the pharmacokinetics of SUN5555 in a human subject was also attempted by animal scale-up technique.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Antitumor activity of novel ailanthone derivatives in vitro and in vivo.

The antitumor activities of two ailanthone derivatives with 15 beta-acyloxy side chains were investigated. The cytotoxic activity of 11 beta, 20-epoxy-1 beta, 11 alpha, 12 alpha-trihydroxy-15-beta-[E)-3-methyl-2-octenoyl) oxypicras-3,13(21)-diene-2,16-dione (SUN2071) and 11 beta, 20-epoxy-1 beta, 11 alpha, 12 alpha-trihydroxy-15 beta-[E)-2-undecenoyl) oxypicras-3,13(21)-diene-2,16-dione (SUN0237) was close to that of bruceantin and vincristine. SUN2071 was shown to be a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis in L1210 cultured cells. When administered i.p. to i.p. inoculated P388 leukemia mice, daily treatment with SUN2071 and SUN0237 significantly increased the lifespan (increases in lifespan in excess of 100% were achieved). These increases were comparable to those achieved with vincristine. The therapeutic ratio of SUN2071 was also close to that of vincristine. However, the compounds were ineffective when administered as a single injection. Daily i.p. treatment with SUN2071 demonstrated significant tumor growth inhibition in mice inoculated s.c. with colon-38 and moderate activity against i.p. L1210 leukemia and i.p. B16 melanoma. The compounds were ineffective when tested against the Lewis lung carcinoma and colon-26. In a preliminary toxicological study, SUN2071 at a therapeutic dose in daily consecutive i.p. injection produced leucopenia.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A case of invasive primary mediastinal seminoma treated radically with replacement of the superior vena cava.

A primary mediastinal seminoma in a 30-year-old man, invading intraluminally into the superior vena cava, was radically treated with reconstruction of the superior vena cava using Gore-Tex grafts. The patient has been doing well without any evidence of tumor recurrence for two years after the surgery, with the grafts being nicely patent. Even when a primary mediastinal seminoma is growing locally into the major veins, the tumor could and should be treated radically, with performing reconstruction of the removed venous system. Gore-Tex graft seems to be acceptable as a venous substitute for major vein replacement.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Immunohistochemical localisation of aromatase and its correlation with progesterone receptors in ovarian epithelial tumours.

Aromatase cytochrome P-450 was immunohistochemically localised exclusively in the cytoplasm of neoplastic cells of benign and malignant nonfunctional ovarian tumours, whilst (progesterone receptors (PR) and estrogen receptors) (ER) were localised exclusively inn the nuclei of neoplastic cells. Aromatase activity and PR were detected in 68% (17/25) and 32% of the malignant tumours and 82% (22/27) and 67% of the benign tumours, respectively. In postmenopausal tumours, the positivity for PR in malignant tumours was less frequent (p < 0.01) than that in benign tumours. The tumours in which both aromatase and PR were positive, were less frequent (p < 0.05) in malignant than in benign tumours. Aromatase activity was detected in 100% (8/8) of the PR-positive tumours but in only 68% (9/17) of the PR-negative tumours. With postmenopausal malignant tumours, there was a positive correlation between aromatase activity and PR level (r = 0.77, p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the positivity of ER. The serum steroid levels did not correlate with the tumour levels of aromatase activity, PR or ER. These findings suggest that aromatase activity is correlated with PR in ovarian tumours of postmenopausal women. In addition to steroid receptor status, aromatase activity may be a useful factor in ovarian cancer.

Adult↗